Publications by authors named "Galasso G"
Background: Few data are available on polymer-free drug-eluting stents in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
Aims: We aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of a polymer-free amphilimus-eluting stent (AES), using a reservoir-based technology for drug delivery, compared with a biodegradable-polymer everolimus-eluting stent (EES).
Methods: This was a randomised, investigator-initiated, assessor-blind, non-inferiority trial conducted at 14 hospitals in Italy (ClinicalTrials.
This paper presents preliminary ecological data on the Cocco's lanternfish (Cocco, 1838) (Osteichthyes: Myctophidae) in the Central Mediterranean and its first records from the northern Ionian Sea. A total of 28 specimens of lantern fish were collected using an experimental trawl net between August and September 2023 in a depth range of 500-701 m in the northern Ionian Sea (central Mediterranean), as part of the MEDITS project. Their morphological traits, the presence and arrangement of photophores together with the otolith characteristics allowed the identification of these specimens as .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Aim: Diabetes has been shown in last decades to be associated with a significantly higher mortality among patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) treated with primary PCI (PPCI). Therefore, the aim of current study was to evaluate the impact of diabetes on times delays, reperfusion and mortality in a contemporary STEMI population undergoing PPCI, including treatment during the COVID pandemic.
Methods And Results: The ISACS-STEMI COVID-19 is a large-scale retrospective multicenter registry involving PPCI centers from Europe, Latin America, South-East Asia and North-Africa, including patients treated from 1st of March until June 30, 2019 and 2020.
Article Synopsis
- This study investigates how right ventricular (RV) dysfunction affects the outcomes of patients with low-flow, low-gradient aortic stenosis (LFLG-AS) who are undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).
- Utilizing data from two Italian centers, it was found that RV dysfunction is linked to a significantly increased risk of all-cause death and major cardiovascular events after one year.
- The findings suggest that assessing RV dysfunction before TAVR can enhance the ability to predict patient prognosis.
Background: Hypertension is the most prevalent cardiovascular risk factor, with several detrimental effects on the cardiovascular system. Contrasting results have been reported so far on its prognostic role in patients admitted for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Therefore, we investigated the impact of hypertension on short-term mortality in a large multicenter contemporary registry of STEMI patients, including patients treated during COVID-19 pandemic.
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- Despite improvements in treatment strategies for post-acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients, there remains a high occurrence of recurrent ischemic events, highlighting the need for new therapeutic targets to reduce cardiovascular risk.
- Chronic inflammation, specifically the role of inflammasomes, has been linked to the development of atherosclerosis, leading to interest in drugs like colchicine and monoclonal antibodies that may enhance cardiovascular outcomes.
- Additionally, lipoprotein(a) and gut microbiome alterations are emerging as significant risk factors, with potential therapies for lowering Lp(a) showing promise, while targeted microbiome studies still require further research.
Article Synopsis
- * Researchers reviewed data from 1,071 patients and found that factors like age over 75, acute coronary syndrome, and femoral access are significant predictors of bleeding risks classified as BARC 2-5 within 48 hours post-PCI.
- * They developed a new risk score, the "ICARUS score," which effectively predicts high bleeding risk and outperforms existing scoring systems in terms of accuracy and reliability.
Improved expertise and technological advancements have enabled the safe and effective performance of complex and high-risk-indicated percutaneous coronary intervention (CHIP) in patients previously considered inoperable or high-risk. Mechanical circulatory support (MCS) devices play a crucial role in stabilizing hemodynamics during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) -related ischemia, thereby reducing the risk of major adverse events and achieving a more complete revascularization. However, the use of MCS devices in protected PCI is not without risks, including peri-procedural myocardial infarction (MI), bleeding, and access-related complications.
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- - The study aims to compare immediate versus staged percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) strategies for patients with aneurysmatic right coronary artery (ARCA) during acute coronary syndrome (ACS), analyzing outcomes from 85 patients.
- - Results show that both PCI strategies had similar rates of procedural success and long-term outcomes, but the staged approach led to a higher incidence of bleeding and longer hospital stays.
- - The findings suggest that while both methods are viable, immediate PCI might be preferable due to lower complications and shorter hospital duration.
Article Synopsis
- Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) lead to high re-hospitalization and mortality rates, emphasizing the need for effective cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs, with cardiac telerehabilitation (CTR) being a promising new approach.
- A systematic review of 16 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from various databases found that CTR significantly improved health outcomes and incorporated advancements in technology.
- CTR offers advantages over traditional center-based rehabilitation, including cost-effectiveness, overcoming geographical barriers, and better access for women, who may face more social obligations.
Obesity/overweight and its complications are a growing problem in many countries. Italian Society of Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery for Obesity (Società Italiana di Chirurgia dell'Obesità e delle Malattie Metaboliche-SICOB) decided to develop the first Italian guidelines for the endoscopic bariatric treatment of obesity. The creation of SICOB Guidelines is based on an extended work made by a panel of 44 members and a coordinator.
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- * Recent guidelines recommend complete revascularization as the standard treatment for significant non-culprit lesions (NCLs), but careful risk-benefit evaluations are necessary before proceeding.
- * The article reviews MVD management in STEMI patients and highlights the main techniques for guiding revascularization in this high-risk group, noting that optimal assessment timing and methods for NCLs remain inconsistent.
Article Synopsis
- Neuronal dysfunction is a key aspect of neurodegenerative tauopathies, but immune cells like microglia also play a significant role in the disease's progression.
- This study shows that tau mRNA and protein are present in microglia and that a specific tau mutation (IVS10+16) can change how these immune cells behave, causing issues like cytoskeletal problems and stalled phagocytosis.
- Secretions from microglia with this mutation negatively affect neuron health, leading to decreased synaptic density, and similar characteristics were observed in human brain samples from mutation carriers, suggesting important implications for future therapies.
Article Synopsis
- This study examines the impact of starting PCSK9 inhibitors (PCSK9i) at the time of hospitalization for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) on lipid levels and cardiovascular (CV) events in a real-world setting.
- It analyzed data from 771 ACS patients, revealing that a significant 68.3% achieved the target LDL-C of < 55 mg/dL within a median of 37 days after hospitalization.
- Results showed that lower LDL-C levels were associated with reduced risks of major cardiovascular events, suggesting that early and aggressive lipid management with PCSK9i is both safe and beneficial for ACS patients.
Article Synopsis
- A study was conducted to evaluate the performance of the Endurant stent graft in treating abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) over a medium and long-term period, including patients treated both within and outside the device's instructions for use (IFU).
- The research involved 795 patients over 14 years, comparing two groups: those treated according to IFU guidelines and those who were not, noting significant differences in aneurysm neck characteristics and outcomes between the groups.
- Results showed a low aneurysm-related mortality rate (<1%) and a 10.5% endoleak rate, with larger AAAs and shorter prosthesis necks correlating with increased risks of complications and reintervention.
Vitamin D is rightly recognized as an essential key factor in the regulation of calcium and phosphate homeostasis, affecting primary adequate bone mineralization. In the last decades, a more complex and wider role of vitamin D has been postulated and demonstrated. Cardiovascular diseases have been found to be strongly related to vitamin D levels, especially to its deficiency.
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- * A study reporting five cases of ApHCM showed signs of intramyocardial calcification through echocardiograms and MRI findings, which suggested endomyocardial fibrosis (EMF) – a condition involving scarring of the heart tissue that can lead to further complications.
- * The analysis of patient histories indicated common inflammatory triggers, suggesting that these factors could contribute to small vessel disease and ischemic microvascular stress in conjunction with heart muscle thickening, ultimately resulting in fibrosis and calcification.
Article Synopsis
- A multicenter study analyzed the effectiveness and safety of intravenous antiplatelet therapies, cangrelor and tirofiban, in STEMI patients undergoing PPCI at seven Italian centers.
- The primary outcome measured was the incidence of TIMI flow < 3 after the procedure and the risk of bleeding (BARC 2-5) in patients receiving either treatment.
- Results showed that cangrelor led to better myocardial blood flow post-PPCI compared to tirofiban, without a higher risk of significant bleeding complications.
Article Synopsis
- - The study aimed to assess how the presence of raphe (a type of anatomical feature) in patients with bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) correlates with valve dysfunction, aortopathy, and the likelihood of needing aortic valve surgery.
- - Researchers analyzed 695 BAV patients, finding that those with raphe experienced more moderate to severe aortic stenosis and a higher prevalence of aortopathy, particularly Type B, compared to those without raphe.
- - The results indicated that having raphe significantly raises the odds of requiring aortic valve surgery within three years, highlighting the importance of monitoring patients with this anatomical feature.
Article Synopsis
- Despite many studies on alien plant species, their spread and negative effects on habitats are still hard to control in Italy and Europe.
- This research examined 12 Italian regions, documenting 117 new records of alien plants, including 89 first-time sightings and 7 new species for Italy, two of which are new to Europe.
- Key regions like Calabria, Sardegna, and Sicilia recorded the most instances, with five of these newly identified taxa classified as invasive in Italy, highlighting the importance of plant studies in understanding and managing alien species.
Endovascular treatment of an aortocaval fistula caused by a late type II endoleak.
J Vasc Surg Cases Innov Tech
April 2024
An aortocaval fistula (ACF) is a rare complication of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) and constitute <1% of all AAAs, which increases from 2% to 6.7% in ruptured AAAs. Unlike other aortic ruptures, most ACFs are not associated with significant blood loss on admission.
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