RSPO/LGR signaling regulates proliferation of adult hippocampal neural stem cells.

In the dentate gyrus of the adult hippocampus, neurogenesis from neural stem cells (NSCs) is regulated by Wnt signals from the local microenvironment. The Wnt/β-catenin pathway is active in NSCs, where it regulates proliferation and fate commitment, and subsequently its activity is strongly attenuated. The mechanisms controlling Wnt activity are poorly understood.

Preclinical pharmacology of patient-derived extracellular vesicles for the intraoperative imaging of tumors.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from the plasma of oncological patients exhibit significant tumor-targeting properties, unlike those from healthy individuals. We have previously shown the feasibility of formulating the near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent dye indocyanine green (ICG) with patient-derived extracellular vesicles (PDEVs) for selective delivery to neoplastic tissue. This staining protocol holds promise for clinical application in intraoperative tumor margin imaging, enabling precise neoplastic tissue resection.

The Effect of Prosodic Timing Structure on Unison Production in People With Aphasia.

Purpose: Unison production is a common aphasia treatment technique in which the clinician and the person with aphasia (PWA) produce phrases aloud together. It can be implemented using a typical "conversational," syntax-influenced prosodic timing structure, or with a "metrical," beat-based timing structure, but to date no study has directly compared these two approaches. This study compared the effects of metrical versus conversational prosodic timing during unison production on the (a) accuracy of participants' spoken output and (b) timing alignment of participants' productions with the stimuli.

Mytomicin-C, Metronomic Capecitabine, and Bevacizumab in Patients With Unresectable or Relapsed Pseudomyxoma Peritonei of Appendiceal Origin.

Introduction: Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a rare, slow growing tumor, traditionally considered chemoresistant. The only curative approach is cytoreductive surgery (CRS) followed by hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). At disease relapse, or in patients with inoperable disease at diagnosis, no standard treatment has been defined, though nonrandomized series showed promising results with fluoropyrimidine-based regimens.

Intrarenal Venous Doppler as a novel marker for optimal decongestion, patient management, and prognosis in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure.

Aims: An increase in right atrial pressure is a common feature of acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). Such increased pressure leads to persistent kidney congestion. A marker to guide optimal diuretic therapy is missing.

Negative Pressure Wound Therapy and Traditional Dressing: An Italian Health Technology Assessment Evaluation.

This evaluation shows the main advantages related to the introduction of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) in Italian clinical practice for the management of incisions in vascular surgery in patients suffering from peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and at risk of postoperative complications, compared to treatment with traditional dressings. A health technology assessment (HTA) activity was conducted assuming the hospital perspective, within a 12-month time horizon. The nine EUnetHTA Core Model dimensions were deeply explored, using scientific evidence on the topic, real-life data, and healthcare professionals' perceptions.

Implementation of Aromatherapy, a Nonpharmacological Intervention, to Reduce Anxiety During the Preoperative Period.

Purpose: The purpose of the project was to answer the following question: Does the implementation of aromatherapy before surgery reduce preoperative anxiety in adult surgical patients undergoing elective surgery?

Design: This evidence-based project was a quality improvement initiative that used pre- and poststate anxiety evaluations to determine the effect of aromatherapy on preoperative anxiety among adults undergoing elective surgery.

Methods: The project team conducted a literature review to evaluate the appropriateness of using aromatherapy to decrease preoperative anxiety. The team delivered pre- and postaromatherapy State Trait Anxiety Inventory for Adults (STAIAD) Short form Y-1 questionnaire and administered an aromatherapy diffuser clip comprised of three evidence-based scented oils to determine the effect of aromatherapy on preoperative anxiety among adults undergoing elective surgery.

MoCA 7.1: Multicenter Validation of the First Italian Version of Montreal Cognitive Assessment.

Background: The early detection of neurocognitive disorders, especially when mild, is a key issue of health care systems including the Italian Dementia National Plan. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), i.e.

Driver models for the definition of safety requirements of automated vehicles in international regulations. Application to motorway driving conditions.

UN Regulation 157, the first global regulation regarding the type-approval of Automated Driving Systems (ADS), has been adopted in 2021. In it, safety performance requirements are being defined for vehicles of automation Level 3, according to the SAE J3016, with a limited Operational Design Domain (ODD). In particular, for three types of events that are related to motorway driving, two models are provided to distinguish between preventable traffic scenarios, for which the ADS is expected to avoid an accident, and unpreventable traffic scenarios, for which accidents cannot be avoided and the ADS can only mitigate their severity.

Ultrasound-guided Needle Biopsy for Preoperative Assessment of Uterine Fibroids: Our Experience and a Review of the Literature.

Leiomyomas are the most common uterine benign tumor, and their malignant counterpart leiomyosarcomas are extremely rare. Despite this, a preoperative diagnosis could be useful for safe surgical minimally invasive management. At present, some clinical and ultrasound findings help recognizing lesions at risk of malignancy.

Hyperextension following two different designs of fixed-bearing posterior-stabilized total knee arthroplasty.

Purpose: Hyperextension after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is related to worse functional outcomes. Among the reported predictive factors, it is unclear whether prosthesis design affects postoperative hyperextension. Hence, our objectives were to (1) compare time-dependent changes of the extension angle following multi-radius (MR) and single-radius (SR) TKA and (2) assess predictive factors for the hyperextension.

Monte Carlo transport of swift protons and light ions in water: The influence of excitation cross sections, relativistic effects, and Auger electron emission in w-values.

Purpose: To develop a particle transport code to compute w-values and stopping power of swift ions in liquid water and gases of interest for reference dosimetry in hadrontherapy. To analyze the relevance of inelastic and post-collisional processes considered.

Methods: The Monte Carlo code MDM was extended to the case of swift ion impact on liquid water (MDM-Ion).

The case for free and open source software in research and scholarship.

Free and open source software (FOSS) is any computer program released under a licence that grants users rights to run the program for any purpose, to study it, to modify it, and to redistribute it in original or modified form. Our aim is to explore the intersection between FOSS and computational reproducibility. We begin by situating FOSS in relation to other 'open' initiatives, and specifically open science, open research, and open scholarship.

Spontaneous subcapsular and perirenal haemorrhage with retroperitoneal haematoma in a patient with ovarian melanoma metastases.

A 47-year-old woman was admitted to our clinic for intensive pain in the left flank region. The transvaginal ultrasound showed a left adnexal solid mass with ascites. She had undergone surgical removal of skin melanoma in 2008, but in September 2019, intracardiac metastasis resulting from it had been discovered.

ALVEOLAR RECRUITMENT MANEUVERS FOR CHILDREN WITH CANCER AND ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME: A FEASIBILITY STUDY.

Objective: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) can be a devastating condition in children with cancer and alveolar recruitment maneuvers (ARMs) can theoretically improve oxygenation and survival. The study aimed to assess the feasibility of ARMs in critically ill children with cancer and ARDS.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 31 maneuvers in a series of 12 patients (median age of 8.

Contamination Rate of Burnt Necrotic Tissue after Electrocoagulation in Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Background: Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is one of the commonly found catastrophic complications after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis, proper skin cleansing, shortened operative time, and sterility of surgical field and equipment are essential to minimize the risk of PJI. Although bacterial contamination of electrocautery tips has been reported, contamination of residual product of electrocoagulation, burnt necrotic tissue (BNT), is not well known.

Blood loss reduction: effect of different knee prosthesis designs and use of tranexamic acid-a randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: In regard to blood loss in total knee arthroplasty (TKA), the effect of either knee prosthesis designs or bone preparation is still unclear. While the benefit of using tranexamic acid (TXA) is well demonstrated, our study aims to determine the effect of different knee prosthesis designs uses and efficacy of blood loss reduction by different routes of TXA administration.

Methods: The 228 patients undergone primary TKA were randomized to determine between open-box and closed-box prosthesis.

Intra-Articular Tranexamic Acid Mitigates Blood Loss and Morphine Use After Total Knee Arthroplasty. A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Tranexamic acid (TXA) has been widely used in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for blood loss reduction. Given limited evidence on potential relationship between the TXA and improvement of pain control and functional outcome after TKA, this study aimed at comparing the blood loss, pain scores, morphine consumption, and knee flexion across the TXA administration routes.

Methods: The 228 primary TKA were randomized into no TXA use (No-TXA), intra-articular TXA (15 mg/kg) use (IA-TXA), and intravenous TXA (10 mg/kg) use (IV-TXA).

Anterior vs Posterior Periarticular Multimodal Drug Injections: A Randomized, Controlled Trial in Simultaneous Bilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Background: Currently, various techniques are used to overcome postoperative pain after total knee arthroplasty. A local analgesic infiltration with periarticular multimodal drug injection (PMDI) is favorable because of its simplicity, safety, and efficacy. The present study compared the efficacy of a PMDI at the anterior vs posterior compartments.

Clinical Benefits of Unilateral Adrenalectomy in Patients with Subclinical Hypercortisolism Due to Adrenal Incidentaloma: Results from a Single Center.

Introduction: This study was designed to evaluate the results of unilateral laparoscopic adrenalectomy in patients with subclinical hypercortisolism (SH) due to adrenal incidentaloma (AI) concerning the main cardiometabolic disorders.

Methods: We have studied between January 2000 to December 2015, 645 patients with AI (283 males and 362 females; mean age 61.9 ± 10 years) and we found 70 patients with SH (27 males and 43 females; mean age 61.

In Hepatocellular Carcinoma miR-221 Modulates Sorafenib Resistance through Inhibition of Caspase-3-Mediated Apoptosis.

The aberrant expression of miR-221 is a hallmark of human cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and its involvement in drug resistance, together with a proved efficacy of anti-miR-221 molecules, strengthen its role as an attractive target candidate in the oncologic field. The discovery of biomarkers predicting the response to treatments represents a clinical challenge in the personalized treatment era. This study aimed to investigate the possible role of miR-221 as a circulating biomarker in HCC patients undergoing sorafenib treatment as well as to evaluate its contribution to sorafenib resistance in advanced HCC.