A Comprehensive Review and Update on Cannabis Hyperemesis Syndrome.

Cannabis, derived from plants, is a prevalent illicit substance in the United States, containing over 400 chemicals, including 100 cannabinoids, each affecting the body's organs differently upon ingestion. Cannabis hyperemesis syndrome (CHS) is a gut-brain axis disorder characterized by recurring nausea and vomiting intensified by excessive cannabis consumption. CHS often goes undiagnosed due to inconsistent criteria, subjective symptoms, and similarity to cyclical vomiting syndrome (CVS).

Endoscopic Advances in the Diagnosis and Management of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most common diseases that occurs secondary to failure of the antireflux barrier system, resulting in the frequent and abnormal reflux of gastric contents to the esophagus. GERD is diagnosed in routine clinical practice based on the classic symptoms of heartburn and regurgitation. However, a subset of patients with atypical symptoms can pose challenges in diagnosing GERD.

Safety of Endoscopic Procedures in Thrombocytopenia and Neutropenia: Embracing Assurance.

Background: Few studies have evaluated the post-endoscopic adverse events in patients with neutropenia and thrombocytopenia. Current guidelines do not provide clear direction on this topic.

Aim: We explore the pooled rates of safety and adverse effects of endoscopic interventions in thrombocytopenia and neutropenia patients via a systematic review & meta-analysis.

Trainee Involvement and ERCP Complications: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Therapeutic endoscopy and gastroenterology fellows often participate in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) during their training period. However, it is generally feared that trainee involvement may increase ERCP-related complications, mainly because of the side-viewing nature of the endoscope and the higher risk of pancreatic duct cannulation. There is no concrete evidence to support this notion.

The spectrum of gastrointestinal functional bowel disorders in joint hypermobility syndrome and in an academic referral center.

Joint hypermobility syndrome (JHS) is a non-inflammatory hereditary disorder of connective tissue with varied clinical presentations, including frequent joint dislocations, hyperextensible skin, easy bruising, and abnormal paper-thin scar formation. Many of these patients have unexplained gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. Our aim was to evaluate the prevalence of JHS in a tertiary gastroenterology motility clinic and the spectrum of functional bowel disorders in JHS patients.

Transarterial Chemoembolization-Induced Ischemic Colitis: A Rare Complication Due to Nontarget Embolization.

Nontarget embolization is a rare complication that may occur after a patient undergoes transarterial chemoembolization as a localized treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. This phenomenon can occur because of variations in arterial blood supply to the liver and ultimately can lead to ischemic complications in unintended locations. We describe a case of nontarget embolization during transarterial chemoembolization causing ischemic colitis because of anatomic variation in the origin of the right hepatic artery.

A Glasgow-Blatchford Bleeding Score of >2 Is a Poor Predictor of Endoscopic Intervention in Nonvariceal Upper GI Bleeding.

Objectives: Recent data show that a Glasgow-Blatchford Bleeding Score (GBS) >2 does not identify patients with upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding who benefit from inpatient esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). This study aimed to determine the rate of endoscopic hemostatic interventions (HI) in patients with nonvariceal acute GI bleeding (NVAUGIB) admitted with a GBS >2. Secondary aims included comparison of clinical outcomes in patients with and without HI and cost of nontherapeutic EGDs.

Nationwide analysis of incidence and predictors of 30-day readmissions in patients with decompensated cirrhosis.

Background And Objective: Cirrhosis is the number one cause of non-cancer deaths among gastrointestinal diseases and is responsible for significant morbidity and healthcare utilisation. The objectives were to measure the 30-day readmissions rate following index hospitalisation, to determine the predictors of readmission, and to estimate the cost of 30-day readmission in patients with decompensated cirrhosis.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients with decompensated cirrhosis using 2014 Nationwide Readmission Database from January to November.

Novel Machine-Learning Based Framework Using Electroretinography Data for the Detection of Early-Stage Glaucoma.

Purpose: Early-stage glaucoma diagnosis has been a challenging problem in ophthalmology. The current state-of-the-art glaucoma diagnosis techniques do not completely leverage the functional measures' such as electroretinogram's immense potential; instead, focus is on structural measures like optical coherence tomography. The current study aims to take a foundational step toward the development of a novel and reliable predictive framework for early detection of glaucoma using machine-learning-based algorithm capable of leveraging medically relevant information that ERG signals contain.

Cardiac safety and clinical efficacy of high-dose domperidone for long-term treatment of gastroparesis symptoms.

Domperidone is an effective antiemetic used worldwide, but there have been reports of possible cardiotoxicity. Our goal was to explore the cardiac safety and clinical efficacy of long-term domperidone, titrated as high as 120 mg/day, in patients not responding or unable to tolerate other therapies for gastroparesis (GP).This retrospective cohort study was conducted at a single tertiary care academic center.

Endoscopic Management of Complex Colorectal Polyps: Current Insights and Future Trends.

Most colorectal cancers arise from adenomatous polyps and sessile serrated lesions. Screening colonoscopy and therapeutic polypectomy can potentially reduce colorectal cancer burden by early detection and removal of these polyps, thus decreasing colorectal cancer incidence and mortality. Most endoscopists are skilled in detecting and removing the vast majority of polyps endoscopically during a routine colonoscopy.

Red Blood Cell Distribution Width in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients.

Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), is causing dramatic morbidity and mortality worldwide. The Red Blood Cell Distribution Width (RDW) has been strongly associated with increased morbidity and mortality in multiple diseases. To assess if elevated RDW is associated with unfavorable outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19.

Advanced Endoscopic Imaging and Interventions in GERD: An Update and Future Directions.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most common gastrointestinal diseases encountered in primary care and gastroenterology clinics. Most cases of GERD can be diagnosed based on clinical presentation and risk factors; however, some patients present with atypical symptoms, which can make diagnosis difficult. An esophagogastroduodenoscopy can be used to assist in diagnosis of GERD, though only half of these patients have visible endoscopic findings on standard white light endoscopy.

Rare Distal Metastasis of Endometrial Adenocarcinoma Impersonating as Primary Colon Cancer.

An 89-year-old Caucasian female with a recent diagnosis of endometrial adenocarcinoma status post hysterectomy and acute deep vein thrombosis on anticoagulation presented with hematochezia. Colonoscopy revealed sigmoid colon stricture with the biopsy findings of metastatic endometrial adenocarcinoma based on positive immunohistochemistry staining for cytokeratin 7, paired box gene 8, and estrogen receptor. The oncologist referral was given to the patient for consideration of chemotherapy, but she decided to go with palliative care.

Impact of Race and Socioeconomics Disparities on Survival in Young-Onset Colorectal Adenocarcinoma-A SEER Registry Analysis.

Introduction: We aimed to assess the impact of socio-economic determinants of health (SEDH) on survival disparities within and between the ethnic groups of young-onset (<50 years age) colorectal adenocarcinoma patients.

Patients And Methods: Surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER) registry was used to identify colorectal adenocarcinoma patients aged between 25-49 years from 2012 and 2016. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meir method.

Current advances in the management of chronic pancreatitis.

Chronic pancreatitis is characterized by irreversible destruction of pancreatic parenchyma and its ductal system resulting from longstanding inflammation, leading to fibrosis and scarring due to genetic, environmental, and other risk factors. The diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis is made based on a combination of clinical features and characteristic findings on computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. Abdominal pain is the most common symptom of chronic pancreatitis.

Endoscopic management of benign recalcitrant esophageal strictures.

Benign esophageal strictures are one of the common clinical conditions managed by endoscopists. Nearly 90% of the benign esophageal strictures respond to endoscopic dilation. However, a small percentage of patients progress to recalcitrant strictures.