[Cardiologist training in Chile and contributions from the Chilean Society of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery].

The Chilean Society of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery (SOCHICAR) is a scientific society whose mission is to improve the nation's cardiovascular health. Its primary goals include discussing issues affecting the specialty and engaging in various activities that support its advancement. To achieve these goals, numerous educational initiatives are undertaken for health professionals, including physicians in cardiology training programs.

Subtotal versus total gastrectomy for distal diffuse-type gastric cancer.

Introduction: Diffuse-type gastric carcinoma in an aggressive form of gastric cancer. Surgery is the only potentially curative treatment. It is controversial whether patients with diffuse-type gastric carcinoma should undergo total or subtotal gastrectomy when feasible.

[Short-term and long-term mortality comparison between myocardial infarction with and without ST segment elevation undergoing myocardial revascularization by percutaneous coronary angioplasty].

Objectives: To compare the early and late mortality of patients that have suffered an ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and a non-ST segment elevated myocardialinfarction (NSTEMI).

Methods: Retrospective study of patients treated at the Regional Clinical Hospital of Concepción from January the 1rst 2013 to December 31 rst 2015, with diagnostic of STEMI and NSTEMI that required coronary angioplasty during their hospitalization. Descriptive and multivariate analysis was performed to compare mortality rates between both populations before 30 days and in follow-up at 4 years.

Clinical and pulmonary function analysis in long-COVID revealed that long-term pulmonary dysfunction is associated with vascular inflammation pathways and metabolic syndrome.

Introduction: Long-term pulmonary dysfunction (L-TPD) is one of the most critical manifestations of long-COVID. This lung affection has been associated with disease severity during the acute phase and the presence of previous comorbidities, however, the clinical manifestations, the concomitant consequences and the molecular pathways supporting this clinical condition remain unknown. The aim of this study was to identify and characterize L-TPD in patients with long-COVID and elucidate the main pathways and long-term consequences attributed to this condition by analyzing clinical parameters and functional tests supported by machine learning and serum proteome profiling.

[Suturing basic procedural skills training for medical students during COVID-19 pandemic].

Background: The adoption of sanitary measures due to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic hampered teaching and learning methods in medicine.

Aim: To communicate the results of a wound suture training workshop, based on the Basic Procedural Skills Training methodology and adapted to the pandemic context.

Material And Methods: One hundred fourteen students were randomized in small groups due to sanitary measures and trained with a modification of the Basic Procedural Skills Training methodology.

A GIS-based interactive map enabling data-driven decision-making in Nigeria's food supply chain.

The accessibility of open-source data on fresh food supply chains provides key stakeholders from the public and private sectors with insights for better decision-making to drive food loss reduction. Nigeria has a fair amount of open-source agricultural and climate-related data. However, most of these datasets are not readily accessible.

[Findings of optical coherence tomography in saphenous grafts failure. Report of one case].

Atherosclerosis is the main cause of late saphenous vein graft (SVG) failure. Intracoronary images using optical coherence tomography (OCT) in addition to angiography allow a detailed analysis of the lesion beyond the degree of stenosis. We report a 67 years old diabetic male who underwent coronary surgery in 2009, consulting for an acute coronary syndrome.

[Prognostic value of the presence of a chronic total occlusion in patients with acute myocardial infarction].

Background: The presence of a chronic total occlusion (CTO) in a non-infarct-related artery in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), may be a sign of bad prognosis.

Aim: To estimate the long-term survival of patients with AMI who were studied with coronarography during 2013-2014 who had one or more CTO in a non-infarct-related artery.

Material And Methods: Review of coronary angiograms performed between 2013 and 2014 to patients with an AMI.

Loxin Reduced the Inflammatory Response in the Liver and the Aortic Fatty Streak Formation in Mice Fed with a High-Fat Diet.

Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) is the most harmful form of cholesterol associated with vascular atherosclerosis and hepatic injury, mainly due to inflammatory cell infiltration and subsequent severe tissue injury. Lox-1 is the central ox-LDL receptor expressed in endothelial and immune cells, its activation regulating inflammatory cytokines and chemotactic factor secretion. Recently, a Lox-1 truncated protein isoform lacking the ox-LDL binding domain named LOXIN has been described.

Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of people with multiple sclerosis and neuro-myelitis optica spectrum disorder in a central northern region of Chile: A prevalence study.

Background: There is a scarcity of information on the prevalence of demyelinating diseases in Chile and other Latin American countries. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) in a region of central-northern Chile.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed.

Gender differences in positive screen for depression and diagnosis among older adults in Chile.

Background: Different factors are associated with late life depression and diagnosis, including gender. It has also been reported that depression among older people is underdiagnosed. As a result, the mental health needs of this group are insufficiently met.

Nonpharmacologic Interventions for Family Caregivers of People Living With Dementia in Latin-America: A Scoping Review.

Objective: Dementia prevalence in Latin America (LATAM) is rapidly increasing, contributing to significant family burden. As families are responsible for care, supportive interventions are critical. To understand the state-of-the-science, a scoping review was conducted of non-pharmacologic interventions for caregivers of people living with dementia (PLWD) in LATAM.

Self-stigma in people living with dementia in Chile: A qualitative exploratory study.

Background: Self-stigma is a dimension of stigma concerning how individuals internalize negative attributes and discriminate against their own selves. Dementia is a stigmatizing condition, and there is a paucity of research exploring the manifestations and implications of self- stigma in people living with dementia in various contexts.

Aim: To examine how self-stigma manifests in the experiences of people living with early-stage dementia in Santiago, Chile.

Starting a peritoneal carcinomatosis treatment program in a developing country: A prospective analysis.

Background: Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) plus hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) has become a valuable treatment strategy for selected patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC). In Chile, it is an emerging technique. The aim of this study is to describe our protocol and report our perioperative results.

Influence of provenance origin on the early performance of two sclerophyllous Mediterranean species established in burned drylands.

Forest restoration have had limited success due to intense and prolonged droughts in Mediterranean-type ecosystems. In this context, knowledge of growth and physiology in seedlings of different provenances can be useful in the selection of appropriate seed sources for restoration. In this study we investigated variations in survival, growth, and leaf-level physiology of five provenances of Quillaja saponaria Mol.

[Diagnostic properties of case definitions of suspected COVID-19 in Chile, 2020Características diagnósticas das definições de caso suspeito de COVID-19 no Chile, 2020].

Objective: Compare the diagnostic properties of five case definitions of suspected COVID-19 that were used or proposed in Chile during the first eight months of the pandemic.

Methods: An analysis was done of the diagnostic properties (sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values) of three case definitions of suspected COVID-19 used in Chile between March and October 2020, as well as two alternative proposed definitions. The sample was 2,019 people with known results for the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test for SARS-CoV-2.

[User perceptions of a public health program to reduce disability among Chilean older adults].

Background: The Program "Más Adultos Mayores Autovalentes" (Más AMA) started in 2015 as a strategy for the prevention of disability among older adults.

Aim: To describe the health benefits, from user's perspective, of the Functional Stimulation Component of the Más AMA program.

Material And Methods: Eleven focus groups including 97 participants of the Más AMA program were conducted in Northern Metropolitan Santiago municipalities.

Performance Assessment of Thermal Infrared Cameras of Different Resolutions to Estimate Tree Water Status from Two Cherry Cultivars: An Alternative to Midday Stem Water Potential and Stomatal Conductance.

The midday stem water potential (Ψs) and stomatal conductance (gs) have been traditionally used to monitor the water status of cherry trees ( L.). Due to the complexity of direct measurement, the use of infrared thermography has been proposed as an alternative.

CAPRYDAA, an anthracene dye analog to LAURDAN: a comparative study using cuvette and microscopy.

We synthesized an anthracene derivative with solvatochromic properties to be used as a molecular probe for membrane dynamics and supramolecular organization. A nine carbon atom acyl chain and a dimethylamino substitution were introduced at positions 2 and 6 of the anthracene ring, respectively. This derivative, 2-nonanoyl-6-(dimethylamino)anthracene (termed CAPRYDAA), is a molecular probe designed to mimic the well-known membrane probe LAURDAN's location and response in the lipid membranes.

Plasma from Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Reduces Nitric Oxide Synthesis and Induces Reactive Oxygen Species in A Cell-Based Biosensor.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been associated with a higher risk of developing cardiovascular (CV) diseases. It has been proposed that systemic inflammation plays a key role in premature atherosclerosis development, and is therefore crucial to determine whether systemic components from RA patients promotes endothelial cell-oxidative stress by affecting reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric-oxide (NO) production. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether plasma from RA patients impair NO synthesis and ROS production by using the cell-line ECV-304 as a biosensor.

[Risk factors for hydatid disease in high school students in the district of Punitaqui, Chile].

Background: Hydatidosis is an endemic zoonosis in different areas of Chile, including the Region of Coquimbo, this is linked to the slaughter of cattle and presence of dogs.

Objective: To identify risk factors related to hydatidosis in the home of high school students of Punitaqui.

Material: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done by the application of a self-administered questionnaire to 274 students of high school.