Predictors of mortality in acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease using the dyspnea, eosinopenia, consolidation, acidemia and atrial fibrillation score.

Background: Acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) are common and often fatal; however, accurate prognosis of patients hospitalized with an exacerbation is difficult. The Dyspnea, Eosinopenia, Consolidation, Acidemia, and Atrial Fibrillation (DECAF) score uses indices routinely available at the time of hospital admission and can accurately predict the inhospital mortality and outcomes in patients hospitalized with AECOPD.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi, from January 2016 to June 2018.

Effects of oral montelukast on airway function in acute asthma: A randomized trial.

Background: The role of leukotriene receptor antagonist is well known in the management of chronic asthma, but their efficacy in acute exacerbation of asthma is unknown. The present study was done to evaluate the clinical efficacy of oral montelukast as an add on therapy to the usual standard therapy of acute attack of bronchial asthma.

Materials And Methods: A randomized single-blinded controlled study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital.

Premitive neuro-ectodermal tumour of the lung.

Primitive neuro-ectodermal tumour of the lung is an extremely rare occurrence and we hereby report a case of a neuro-ectodermal tumour of the lung which was proved by immuno-histochemical examination of the resected specimen, and he had a very aggressive pattern of behavior.

Outcomes associated with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder requiring hospitalization.

Background: Acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (AECOPD) are known to be associated with increased morbidity and mortality and have a significant socioeconomic impact. The factors that determine frequent hospital readmissions for AECOPD are poorly understood. The present study was done to ascertain failures rates following AECOPD and to evaluate factors associated with frequent readmissions.

Drug-induced hepatitis and the risk factors for liver injury in pulmonary tuberculosis patients.

Introduction: Short-course chemotherapy containing rifampicin and isoniazid in combination has proved to be highly effective in the treatment of tuberculosis, but one of its adverse effects is hepatotoxicity. Various risk factors have been found to be associated with drug-induced liver injury (DILI) in general population. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of drug-induced hepatitis and the risk factors associated with the DILI among the patients of pulmonary tuberculosis in Indian patients.

Prevalence and correlates of osteoporosis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients in India.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a syndrome of progressive airflow limitation caused by the abnormal inflammatory reaction of the airway and lung parenchyma. Osteoporosis is one of the major extrapulmonary manifestations of COPD. The, prevalence of osteoporosis in COPD patients in Indian population is unknown.

Risk factors and drug-resistance patterns among pulmonary tuberculosis patients in northern Karnataka region, India.

Background: India is one of the high tuberculosis (TB)-burden countries in the world. Resistance to anti-tuberculosis (anti-TB) drugs has already become an important and alarming threat in most of the regions worldwide. India ranks second in the world in harbouring multi-drug resistant cases (MDRTB).

Role of health education and self-action plan in improving the drug compliance in bronchial asthma.

Background: Considering the prevalence and associated burden of disease due to bronchial asthma, it is mandatory to obtain an optimal control of the disease and to improve outcomes for these patients. But it has been observed that there is very poor adherence to the inhalational therapy which leads to the suboptimal control of the disease.

Objectives Of The Study: To study the adherence for aerosol therapy in bronchial asthma patients and to assess the impact of health education and self-action plan in improving the compliance to the therapy.

Bone mineral density among elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients in India.

Background: Osteoporosis is one of the major extra-pulmonary manifestations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which limits the physical activity. The present study was undertaken to study the bone mineral density (BMD) and osteoporosis in the elderly COPD patients.

Materials And Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out among elderly COPD patients.

Primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the thymus.

Primary neuroendocrine tumors of the thymus, previously known as carcinoid tumors of the thymus, are unusual and rare tumors, and prognosis for these patients has been difficult to predict. We hereby report a case of primary neuroendocrine tumor of the thymus that had an aggressive and fatal course in spite of surgical resection and adjuvant chemotherapy. These tumors must be regarded as a malignant neoplasm that is prone to metastasize to distant sites, even after total excision.

Critical illness myopathy and polyneuropathy - A challenge for physiotherapists in the intensive care units.

The development of critical patient related generalized neuromuscular weakness, referred to as critical illness polyneuropathy (CIP) and critical illness myopathy (CIM), is a major complication in patients admitted to intensive care units (ICU). Both CIP and CIM cause muscle weakness and paresis in critically ill patients during their ICU stay. Early mobilization or kinesiotherapy have shown muscle weakness reversion in critically ill patients providing faster return to function, reducing weaning time, and length of hospitalization.

Effect of multimodality chest physiotherapy on the rate of recovery and prevention of complications in patients with mechanical ventilation: a prospective study in medical and surgical intensive care units.

Background: Mechanically ventilated patients have an increased risk of complications leading to ventilation weaning more difficult resulting in excessive morbidity and mortality. Chest physiotherapy plays an important role in management of ventilated patients. However, these techniques have been studied on patients as a single entity or with combination of two techniques.

Primary endobronchial Hodgkin's disease.

We report a case of primary pulmonary Hodgkin's disease presenting as an endobronchial mass. Tissue diagnosis was made by microscopic examination following open thoracotomy and excision biopsy of the mass. The patient responded well to the chemotherapy regimen.

Pulmonary manifestations of gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) may cause, trigger or exacerbate many pulmonary diseases. The physiological link between GERD and pulmonary disease has been extensively studied in chronic cough and asthma. A primary care physician often encounters patients with extra esophageal manifestations of GERD in the absence of heartburn.