Analytical Challenges in Novel Pentavalent Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccine (A, C, Y, W, X).

Multivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccines are a significant focus for the scientific community in light of the WHO's mission to defeat meningitidis by 2030. Well-known meningococcal vaccines such as MenAfriVac, Nimenrix, Menveo, and MenQuadfi are licensed in various parts of the world and have been successful. Recently, the World Health Organization (WHO) qualified MenFive (meningococcal A, C, Y, W, and X) conjugate vaccine, further enhancing the battery of vaccines against meningitis.

Environment aging of lignocellulosic fibers and their composites: Visual, mechanical, and microstructural aspects.

The current experimental investigation reports the performance of intra-hybrid woven jute-sisal lignocellulosic fibers, and their polypropylene composites subjected to different aging conditions (distilled water, vegetable oil, and alkali solution) for a prolonged time of 6 months. The effect of different aging mediums on chemical composition of fibers, such as, variation in cellulose and hemicellulose content was analyzed to understand the degradation mechanisms and their structure property relationship established. Significant degradation in mechanical properties was observed with exposure to alkali followed by water mediums due to degradation of fibers and thereby results in poor interfacial characteristics, while sustained durability in terms of mechanical properties was observed with oil-based aging.

Safety and immunogenicity of a pentavalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine versus a quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine in adults in India: an observer-blind, randomised, active-controlled, phase 2/3 study.

Background: Meningococcal disease remains an important public health problem globally. We assessed the non-inferiority and the lot-to-lot consistency of a pentavalent meningococcal ACYWX conjugate vaccine (NmCV-5; Serum Institute of India, Pune, India) versus a quadrivalent meningococcal ACWY conjugate vaccine (MenACWY-D) in healthy adults.

Methods: In this observer-blind, randomised, active-controlled, phase 2/3 study, healthy adults aged 18-85 years were recruited from nine hospitals across seven cities in India.

Biotransformation of Geraniol to Geranic Acid Using Fungus IIIMF4011.

Geraniol is an important component in essential oils of aromatic plants such as lemongrass, rosa grass, and many others. It can be converted to different high-value products by using microbes/enzymes. The present study aims at the isolation and screening of microbes showing efficient production of geranic acid (a high-value product) from geraniol (a low-value monoterpene).

A randomized, active-controlled, multi-centric, phase-II clinical study to assess safety and immunogenicity of a fully liquid DTwP-HepB-IPV-Hib hexavalent vaccine (HEXASIIL®) in Indian toddlers.

Background: Combination vaccines are effective in simplifying complex vaccination schedules involving multiple vaccines. A fully liquid hexavalent diphtheria (D)-tetanus (T)-whole-cell pertussis (wP)- hepatitis B (HepB)-inactivated poliovirus (IPV)-Haemophilus influenzae b (Hib) vaccine (HEXASIIL®), manufactured by Serum Institute of India Pvt. Ltd.

Significance of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine intervention for patients with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D): A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Immunotherapy is an emerging therapeutic modality for many autoimmune, oncology, and infectious diseases to cure or prevent the underlying causes. Several immunotherapeutic agents are investigated for their beneficial potential in patients with diabetes. However, none have culminated into a successful therapy.

Medicinal plants traditionally used in health care practices by inhabitants of Paddar region of Jammu and Kashmir, India.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The present study is the first quantitative assessment of ethno-medicinal plants of Paddar region of Jammu and Kashmir.

Aim Of The Study: The study aimed to document the relative importance of medicinal plants used in human ailments by the villagers in the Paddar region of Jammu and Kashmir, India.

Material And Methods: Data were collected from 132 informants (72 male and 60 female) through semi structured interviews and group discussions.

Artificial Intelligence in Perioperative Planning and Management of Liver Resection.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a speciality within computer science that deals with creating systems that can replicate the intelligence of a human mind and has problem-solving abilities. AI includes a diverse array of techniques and approaches such as machine learning, neural networks, natural language processing, robotics, and expert systems. An electronic literature search was conducted using the databases of "PubMed" and "Google Scholar".

Validation and Suitability Assessment of Multiplex Mesoscale Discovery Immunogenicity Assay for Establishing Serological Signatures Using Vaccinated, Non-Vaccinated and Breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 Infected Cases.

Antibody responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are multi-targeted and variable over time. Multiplex quantitative serological assays are needed to provide accurate and robust seropositivity data for the establishment of serological signatures during vaccination and or infection. We describe here the validation and evaluation of an electro-chemiluminescence (ECL)-based Mesoscale Discovery assay (MSD) for estimation of total and functional IgG relative to SARS-CoV-2 spike, nucleocapsid and receptor binding (RBD) proteins in human serum samples to establish serological signatures of SARS-CoV-2 natural infection and breakthrough cases.

A phase III randomized-controlled study of safety and immunogenicity of DTwP-HepB-IPV-Hib vaccine (HEXASIIL) in infants.

A fully liquid hexavalent containing Diphtheria (D), Tetanus (T) toxoids, whole cell Pertussis (wP), Hepatitis B (Hep B), type 1, 2, 3 of inactivated poliovirus (IPV) and Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccine (DTwP-HepB-IPV-Hib vaccine, HEXASIIL) was tested for lot-to-lot consistency and non-inferiority against licensed DTwP-HepB-Hib + IPV in an open label, randomized Phase II/III study. In Phase III part, healthy infants received DTwP-HepB-IPV-Hib or DTwP-HepB-Hib + IPV vaccines at 6, 10 and 14 weeks of age. Blood samples were collected prior to the first dose and 28 days, post dose 3.

Safety and efficacy of malaria vaccine candidate R21/Matrix-M in African children: a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, phase 3 trial.

Background: Recently, we found that a new malaria vaccine, R21/Matrix-M, had over 75% efficacy against clinical malaria with seasonal administration in a phase 2b trial in Burkina Faso. Here, we report on safety and efficacy of the vaccine in a phase 3 trial enrolling over 4800 children across four countries followed for up to 18 months at seasonal sites and 12 months at standard sites.

Methods: We did a double-blind, randomised, phase 3 trial of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine across five sites in four African countries with differing malaria transmission intensities and seasonality.

Trilliumosides K and L, two novel steroidal saponins from rhizomes of , as potent anti-cancer agents targeting apoptosis in the A-549 cancer cell line.

Two novel steroidal saponins, trilliumosides K () and L (), were isolated from the rhizomes of led by bioactivity-guided phytochemical investigation along with seven known compounds: govanoside D (), protodioscin (), borassoside E (), 20-hydroxyecdysone (), 5,20-hydroxyecdysone (), govanic acid (), and diosgenin (). The structure of novel compounds 1-2 was established using analysis of spectroscopic data including 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high resolution mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS) data. All isolated compounds were evaluated for cytotoxic activity against a panel of human cancer cell lines.

A Comprehensive Review on Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Species (Rosaceae).

The L. genus is a significant plant family in the Rosaceae group, consisting of around 200 species, primarily shrubs. In India, it has 37 species, most located in the Western Himalayan region of Jammu and Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh.

Costunosides A-C: cytotoxic sesquiterpene lactones from the rhizomes of Falc.

Three new eudesmane type rare sesquiterpene lactone galactosides, costunosides A-C ( were isolated from the rhizomes of along with ten known compounds (). Costunosides A-C ( are the first example of naturally eudesmane glycosides containing a -galactopyranoside moiety. The structure and relative configurations of these compounds were established by comprehensive analysis of MS and, in particular 1D/2D NMR spectroscopic data.

Large-Scale Purification and Characterization of Recombinant Receptor-Binding Domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Expressed in Yeast.

SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is an essential component of numerous protein-based vaccines for COVID-19. The receptor-binding domain of this spike protein is a promising antigen with ease of expression in microbial hosts and scalability at comparatively low production costs. This study describes the production, purification, and characterization of RBD of SARS-CoV-2 protein, which is currently in clinical trials, from a commercialization perspective.

Innovative method for rapid detection of falsified COVID-19 vaccines through unopened vials using handheld Spatially Offset Raman Spectroscopy (SORS).

Preventing, detecting, and responding to substandard and falsified vaccines is of critical importance for ensuring the safety, efficacy, and public trust in vaccines. This is of heightened importance in context of public health crisis, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, in which extreme world-wide shortages of vaccines provided a fertile ground for exploitation by falsifiers. Here, a proof-of-concept study explored the feasibility of using a handheld Spatially Offset Raman Spectroscopy (SORS) device to authenticate COVID-19 vaccines through rapid analysis of unopened vaccine vials.

Development and analysis of de novo transcriptome assemblies of multiple genotypes of Cymbopogon spp. reveal candidate genes involved in the biosynthesis of aromatic monoterpenes.

Despite the high economic value of the monoterpene-rich essential oils from different genotypes of Cymbopogon, the knowledge about the genes and metabolic route(s) involved in the biosynthesis of aromatic monoterpenes in this genus is limited. In the present study, a comprehensive transcriptome analysis of four genotypes of Cymbopogon, displaying diverse quantitative and qualitative profiles of volatile monoterpenes in their essential oils has been carried out. The comparative analysis of the deduced protein sequences corresponding to the transcriptomes of the four genotypes revealed 4609 genotype-specific orthogroups, which might contribute in defining genotype-specific phenotypes.

Safety and immunogenicity of SIIPL Tdap, a new tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid and acellular pertussis vaccine, in healthy subjects 4-65 years of age: A Phase II/III randomized, observer-blinded, active controlled, multicenter clinical study in Germany.

Background: This study assessed the safety and immunogenicity of a new booster vaccine against tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis manufactured by Serum Institute of India Pvt. Ltd (SIIPL Tdap).

Methods: The Phase II/III trial was randomized (2:1), observer blinded and active controlled.

Discovery of Anti-NRLP3 Inflammasome, Immunomodulatory Phytochemicals from the Extract of : An Unexplored Plant Species.

The present study describes the isolation, identification, and quantification of biomarker compounds in plant extracts of D. Don (Orchidaceae). The isolation of the compounds was carried out from D.