Efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in renal cell carcinoma venous tumour thrombus shrinkage (UroCCR 128).

Purpose: Surgery remains the cornerstone of localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC) care. Pembrolizumab has recently been recommended as a standard of care for RCC patients who are at high risk of recurrence. Data regarding the efficacy of ICIs either alone or in combination with ICIs or VEGF TKIs for VTT shrinkage are scarce.

Overweight and obese body condition in ∼4.9 million dogs and ∼1.3 million cats seen at primary practices across the USA: Prevalences by life stage from early growth to senior.

Adult dogs and cats in overweight or obese condition are common, but prevalence data for different life stages, especially growth, are limited, and may help inform when preventative measures may be most effective. In this retrospective observational study, prevalences of overweight and obese condition were determined from the electronic medical records of dogs and cats of all life stages visiting Banfield Pet Hospital in the USA between 2020 and 2023. Animals were identified either by body condition score (BCS; overweight 6-7; obese 8-9) or from a clinical diagnosis of overweight condition or obesity when recorded.

Conservative management of inferior vena cava thrombus during nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma.

Objectives: To assess the impact on survival outcomes of positive vascular margins (PVM) after nephrectomy, open thrombectomy and renal vein ostium resection without inferior vena cava (IVC) segmental resection for nonmetastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).

Materials And Methods: Medical records of patients undergoing nephrectomy and open thrombectomy for ccRCC in 1 center were retrospectively reviewed. Baseline characteristics, pathological features and surgery parameters were collected.

Impact of compensatory growth on survival in newborn kittens.

In the feline species, the mortality of live-born kittens over the first 2 months of life is around 10%. Although some losses are inevitable, progress in veterinary medicine and improved knowledge of feline neonatalogy should make it possible to reduce them to a lower level. The objectives of this study were: (i) to describe early growth in kittens, and (ii) to assess whether low birth weight kittens develop compensatory growth during the first week of life and if so, whether compensatory growth is associated with increased chances of survival.

Risk Factors for Artificial Urinary Sphincter Explantation and Erosion in Male Nonneurological Patients.

Purpose: This study was performed to assess the risk factors for artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) explantation in a large multicenter cohort.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records for all 1,233 implantations of the AMS-800 AUS device in male nonneurological patients from 2005 to 2020 across 13 French centers. Patients with neurological conditions were excluded from the study.

Effect of Treatment of Residual Disease After Immunotherapy-Based Combinations on Complete Response Rate of Patients With Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinomas.

Introduction: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based combinations have revolutionized the management of first-line metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) by improving patient survival. Large phase 3 randomized trials assessing ICI-based combinations have reported complete response (CR) rates of 10% to 18% in the first-line setting. However, there is a scarcity of data about the effect of treatment of residual disease regarding CR rates improvement.

[Short-term functional outcomes of laparoscopic robotic-assisted cystectomy (RAC) with ileal conduit urinary diversion (ICUD) for lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD): A single-center retrospective study].

Objective: To assess the short-term functional outcomes and morbidity of robotic-assisted cystectomy (RAC) and intracorporeal urinary diversion (ICUD) in patients with lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD).

Methods: All consecutive patients who underwent RAC+ICUD for LUTD in a tertiary hospital center, between July 2018 and May 2021 were retrospectively included. Medical records were systematically reviewed and patient, perioperative and postoperative data were collected.

Prioritization of Appearance over Health and Temperament Is Detrimental to the Welfare of Purebred Dogs and Cats.

Fashions in the appearance of purebred dogs and cats are encouraged by celebrity culture, social media, and online impulse buying. The popularity of characteristics perceived as cute, quirky, and anthropomorphic has driven increasingly exaggerated breed features appealing to aesthetics rather than health. 'Hypertypes' of some breeds have emerged that take a breed's distinctive appearance to extremes beyond the intended interpretation of breed standards.

Primary implantation of an artificial urinary sphincter using the perineal and penoscrotal approaches: Functional results and assessment of reoperative procedures.

Introduction: Artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) is the standard treatment for severe stress urinary incontinence in men. While the perineal access is considered the gold standard, some authors have proposed penoscrotal AUS in order to facilitate the procedure. The main objective of our study was to evaluate the duration of survival without revision surgery (SSRC) according to the surgical approach for primary implantation.

Thyroid Dysfunction after Atezolizumab and Bevacizumab Is Associated with Favorable Outcomes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Introduction: Atezolizumab and bevacizumab (Ate/Bev) combination has become the new first-line systemic therapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although several studies reported thyroid dysfunction after treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors, the clinical and immunological significance of thyroid dysfunction in patients treated with Ate/Bev has not been comprehensively addressed. We aimed to comprehensively evaluate the clinical and immunological implications of thyroid dysfunction in unresectable HCC patients treated with Ate/Bev.

Cut-off time for surgery and prediction of orchiectomy in spermatic cord torsion: a retrospective multicentric study over 15 years.

Purpose: Cut-off time to avoid orchiectomy relies on small series of patients. The objective was to determine the cut-off time to avoid orchiectomy in torsion of the spermatic cord in a large cohort.

Methods: We performed a retrospective multicenter study (TORSAFUF cohort) of patients with suspected spermatic cord torsion between 2005 and 2019.

Association between Birth Weight and Mortality over the Two First Months after Birth in Feline Species: Definition of Breed-Specific Thresholds.

In many species, low birth weight is identified as a major determinant for neonatal survival. The objectives of the present study were (i) to assess, in a large feline purebred population, the impact of birth weight on 0-2 months mortality in kittens, and (ii) if such mortality occurs, to define cut-off values for birth weight to identify at-risk kittens. Data from 5596 kittens from 15 breeds and provided by 194 French breeders were analysed.

Efficacy, Safety, and Reoperation-free Survival of Artificial Urinary Sphincter in Non-neurological Male Patients over 75 Years of Age.

Background: Artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) is a gold standard treatment in male stress urinary incontinence but remains poorly used in elderly patients.

Objective: To assess the efficacy, safety, and reoperation-free survival of AUS implantation in male patients over 75 yr of age.

Design Setting And Participants: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of all 1233 non-neurological male AUS implantations between 2005 and 2020 at 13 French centers.

Outcomes of holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) for very large-sized benign prostatic hyperplasia (over 150 mL): open simple prostatectomy is dead.

Introduction: Our study aimed to describe the outcomes of transurethral enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) for large-sized benign prostatic hyperplasia over 150 mL (bBPH).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective, descriptive, and analytical study of patients undergoing HoLEP for bBPH. The primary endpoint was the success of the procedure, defined by a mixed criteria: complete endoscopic enucleation of the prostate, absence of blood transfusion or reoperation for bleeding, post-operative improvement of quality of life (assessed by a ≥ 2 points increase at in the 8th question of the IPSS test) and post-operative continence (no pads use) at 3 months.

Relative Impact of Birth Weight and Early Growth on Neonatal Mortality in Puppies.

Puppy survival during their first weeks of life can be improved, and early detection of puppies with increased mortality risk is one of the keys to success. In the canine species, the few studies on this subject focused on birth weight, which reflects intrauterine growth. The present work aimed to explore the interconnections between birth weight, early growth and survival until two months of life in the canine species.

A multicenter comparative matched-pair analysis of percutaneous tumor ablation and robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy of T1b renal cell carcinoma (AblatT1b study-UroCCR 80).

Objective: Renal cell carcinomas represent the sixth- and tenth-most frequently diagnosed cancer in men and women. Recently, percutaneous-guided thermal ablations have proved to be as effective as partial nephrectomy and safer for treating small renal masses (i.e.

Uterine issues in infertile queens: Nine cases.

This prospective case series investigated potential uterine causes of infertility in queens. Purebred queens with infertility (failure to conceive, embryonic death, or failure to maintain pregnancy and produce viable kittens), but no other reproductive disorders were examined approximately 1-8 weeks before mating (Visit 1), 21 days after mating (Visit 2), and 45 days after mating (Visit 3) if pregnant at Visit 2. Investigations included vaginal cytology and bacteriology, urine bacteriology, and ultrasonography.

High serum IL-6 correlates with reduced clinical benefit of atezolizumab and bevacizumab in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background & Aims: We elucidated the clinical and immunologic implications of serum IL-6 levels in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with atezolizumab and bevacizumab (Ate/Bev).

Methods: We prospectively enrolled 165 patients with unresectable HCC (discovery cohort: 84 patients from three centres; validation cohort: 81 patients from one centre). Baseline blood samples were analysed using a flow cytometric bead array.

Environmental risk factors in puppies and kittens for developing chronic disorders in adulthood: A call for research on developmental programming.

Many dogs and cats are affected by chronic diseases that significantly impact their health and welfare and relationships with humans. Some of these diseases can be challenging to treat, and a better understanding of early-life risk factors for diseases occurring in adulthood is key to improving preventive veterinary care and husbandry practices. This article reviews early-life risk factors for obesity and chronic enteropathy, and for chronic behavioral problems, which can also be intractable with life-changing consequences.

Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratios as Prognostic Biomarkers in Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab.

Systemic inflammation is a key risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression and poor outcomes. Inflammatory markers such as the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) may have prognostic value in HCC treated with standard of care atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (Atezo-Bev). We conducted a multicenter, international retrospective cohort study of patients with unresectable HCC treated with Atezo-Bev to assess the association of NLR and PLR with overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and objective response rates.