Establishing the measurement properties of the Residential Environment Impact Scale (Version 4.0).

Background: Developed as an environment assessment informed by the Model of Human Occupation, the Residential Environment Impact Survey considered the physical, social and activity features of the environment, evaluating the impact of the environment on resident's quality of life. Clinicians reported that the Residential Environment Impact Survey was a useful tool; however, it had not been structured to be a measurement tool and did not have established psychometric properties.

Aims/objectives: This study examines the psychometric properties of the restructured Residential Environment Impact Scale Version 4.

Lessons Learned From the COVID-19 Pandemic: Occupational Therapy on the Front Line.

The pandemic caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) highlighted the insufficient public health policies and lack of a national pandemic response strategy. Rehabilitation departments faced barriers to providing care in the traditional manner and needed to consider protection of patients and staff, staffing and personal protective equipment shortages, and uncertainty about best practices to address a novel health condition. This article highlights the strategies implemented by acute care occupational therapy leaders to support their staff; facilitate efficient care provision; and pivot with constantly changing policies, procedures, and research during the COVID-19 crisis.

Policy and Payment Changes Create New Opportunities for Occupational Therapy in Acute Care.

Importance: Changes in health care policy and payment over the past decade have resulted in a greater emphasis on cost effectiveness, quality outcomes, and the health care consumer's experience. Payers' response to the new policies and their expectations have created expanded opportunities for occupational therapy practitioners in health care overall but particularly in acute care hospitals.

Objective: The objective of this article is to empower occupational therapy directors, practitioners, educators, and students to be proactive in a rapidly changing acute care setting.

Primary Care: A New Context for the Scholarship of Practice Model.

Interest in the emerging role for occupational therapy in the primary care practice setting has increased due to implementation of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA), which intends to expand health care coverage to uninsured Americans while improving coordination of care, health outcomes, and cost savings. Expanding occupational therapy to encompass promotion of wellness and prevention in a primary care context provides an opportunity for occupational therapy. The purpose of this article is to describe the role of occupational therapy in primary care and how the Scholarship of Practice model can guide the development of occupation-based and evidence-based best practice in primary care.

Comparing and Using Occupation-Focused Models.

As health care moves toward understanding the importance of function, participation and occupation, occupational therapists would be well served to use occupation-focused theories to guide intervention. Most therapists understand that applying occupation-focused models supports best practice, but many do not routinely use these models. Barriers to application of theory include lack of understanding of the models and limited strategies to select and apply them for maximum client benefit.

Toward Integrated DoD Biosurveillance: Assessment and Opportunities.

In the context of the 2012 National Strategy for Biosurveillance, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) asked the Department of Defense (DoD) to review its biosurveillance programs, prioritize missions and desired outcomes, evaluate how DoD programs contribute to these, and assess the appropriateness and stability of the department's funding system for biosurveillance. DoD sought external analytic support through the RAND Arroyo Center. In response to the questions posed by OMB request, this study finds the following: (1) Current DoD biosurveillance supports three strategic missions.

A general method for the separation of triphenylphosphine oxide and reaction products using high performance countercurrent chromatography.

A standardised separation methodology was developed for the purification of crude reaction mixtures containing triphenylphosphine oxide (TPPO) using high performance countercurrent chromatography (HPCCC). A solvent system consisting of hexane/ethyl acetate/methanol/water (5:6:5:6) was used in 1 column volume elution-extrusion mode. The HPCCC methodology was compared with classical RP HPLC purification using a set of 12 representative Mitsunobu reaction mixtures.

A practical drug discovery project at the undergraduate level.

In this article, we describe a practical drug discovery project for third-year undergraduates. No previous knowledge of medicinal chemistry is assumed. Initial lecture workshops cover the basic principles; then students, in teams, seek to improve the profile of a weakly potent, insoluble phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase delta (PI3Kδ) inhibitor (1) through compound array design, molecular modelling, screening data analysis and the synthesis of target compounds in the laboratory.

Implications of the Affordable Care Act for occupational therapy practitioners providing services to Medicare recipients.

The passage of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 (ACA; Pub. L. 111-148) represents the largest expansion in government funding of health care since Medicare and Medicaid were established in 1965 (Curfman, Abel, & Landers, 2012).

Developing the residential environment impact survey instruments through faculty-practitioner collaboration.

The Residential Environment Impact Survey (REIS) and the REIS-Short Form (REIS-SF), based on the Model of Human Occupation, are non-standardized, semi-structured assessments aimed at evaluating how a home influences the quality of life of the resident(s). Occupational therapy practitioners have used these instruments as consulting tools to formulate and implement recommendations to improve residents' occupational functioning. Using a faculty-practitioner collaboration framework, international REIS and REIS-SF users were surveyed to elicit feedback regarding how these tools are being used, and how they can be improved.

Harnessing Full Value from the DoD Serum Repository and the Defense Medical Surveillance System.

The Army manages the Department of Defense Serum Repository (DoDSR) of over 43 million serum samples and the associated Defense Medical Surveillance System (DMSS) database that links individual service member characteristics to these biological samples. The main mission and use of these resources has been for military health surveillance. The Army turned to RAND Arroyo Center to systematically examine current requirements and capabilities of the DoDSR and DMSS, identify gaps, and suggest strategies to improve their ability to meet current and potential future military health needs, including surveillance, outbreak investigation, research, and clinical support, particularly as these relate to influenza and other infectious disease threats.

Association between increased number of US pharmacy graduates and pharmacist counts by state from 2000-2009.

Objective: To determine whether growth in the number of pharmacy graduates and newly accredited schools from 2000 to 2009 were larger in states with fewer pharmacists per population age ≥ 65 years.

Methods: States were aggregated into quartiles based on rank-ordered ratios of in-state pharmacists per 100,000 population aged ≥ 65 years. Quartiles were then compared with respect to the number of new graduates.

Theory use in practice: a national survey of therapists who use the Model of Human Occupation.

Objective: This study describes how occupational therapists who reported using the Model of Human Occupation (MOHO) actually use the concepts and tools of this model in everyday practice as well as identifies supports and barriers to its use.

Method: A systematic random sample of 1,000 occupational therapists was surveyed as to what theories they used in their practice. Those using MOHO (430) were sent a detailed questionnaire; 259 therapists (60.

Synthesizing research, education, and practice according to the scholarship of practice model: two faculty examples.

SUMMARY The Scholarship of Practice involves an ongoing, reflective discourse among the theoretical concepts of occupational therapy, the empirical verification of those concepts through research, and the application of those concepts in real-world clinical practice. This article illustrates how the Scholarship of Practice framework is applied by occupational therapy faculty members as a key aspect of their scholarly and teaching roles. Two distinct perspectives are provided-one describes the scholarship and teaching of a clinical-track faculty member and the other describes that of a research-track faculty member.

The model of human occupation: understanding the worker who is injured or disabled.

This paper discusses application of the model of human occupation to the worker with an injury or disability. Concepts from the model of human occupation (MOHO) are used to frame potential work-related strengths and weaknesses. Using MOHO as a framework to understand the worker with an injury or disability provides a more complete and holistic understanding of the many factors which can affect a worker.

Administration and application of the Worker Role Interview: looking beyond functional capacity.

Assessing factors beyond the functional capacity of the injured worker is challenging, yet essential for deriving a more complete understanding of the worker. Insight into a worker's perceptions of abilities and limitations, commitment to the worker role, perception of the impact of the injury on non-work roles, ability to adjust habits and routines, and perception of the work environment allows the therapist to identify and address barriers to return-to-work. The Worker Role Interview (WRI), based on the Model of Human Occupation, is designed to assist the therapist in obtaining this information.

Developing and maintaining community partnerships within "a scholarship of practice".

SUMMARY This article describes the application of a model developed and adopted by the occupational therapy faculty at the University of Illinois at Chicago to utilize partnerships with community-based organizations to meet a tripartite mission of education, research, and service delivery. The model (A Scholarship of Practice) was developed and adopted in response to contextual influences occurring at multiple levels. These influences are identified and the actions taken by the faculty are described.