Background: With the exception of the FDA-approved valrubicin and pembrolizumab, there are no standard second-line treaments for BCG-unresponsive high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).
Objectives: To provide a systematic review of the novel intravesically administered therapeutic agents for the salvage treatment of BCG-unresponsive NMIBC.
Methods: Online search of the PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science databases was performed.
Testicular dislocation in the abdomen after scrotal trauma is a rare and sometimes unrecognised event.Early detection and timely management reduce possible complications which include the risk of fertility loss, endocrine dysfunction, and future malignancy.We present the case of a man who suffered a traumatic dislocation of the right testis in the abdomen after a motorcycle crash.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNumerous continence-sparing radical prostatectomy techniques have been developed to enhance postoperative early continence (EC) recovery; however, evidence regarding the best approach remains controversial. The objectives are to provide a critical appraisal of various prostatectomy techniques, based on the evidence of quality-assessed randomized control trials (RCTs); to summarize the immediate continence and the EC reported; and to propose a new standardization for continence outcomes reporting. Data acquired from five medical registries were reported to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) standards.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA standard surgical treatment of distal ureteric defects is represented by the ureteroneocystostomy-ureteric reimplantation. However, the procedure involves an anatomical alteration of the ureterovesical (neo)junction that often hinders the retrograde catheterisation of the reimplanted ureter.We describe a case of antegrade ureterolithotripsy (AULT) in a psoas-hitch reimplanted ureter.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFournier's gangrene (FG) is an infectious necrotising fasciitis of the perineum and genital regions with a high mortality rate. We report the case of a man in his 70s with FG who presented with bladder trigone and prostate colliquation. Bulbar and penile urethra were also injured with multiple fenestrations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is the gold standard for the treatment of obstructive prostatic hyperplasia. A bacteremia leading to infectious endocarditis (IE) can be the result of urological procedures. IE post TURP is rare.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe T1 substaging of bladder cancer (BCa) potentially impacts disease progression. The objective of the study was to compare the prognostic accuracy of two substaging systems on the recurrence and progression of primary pathologic T1 (pT1) BCa and to test a nomogram based on pT1 substaging for predicting recurrence-free survival (RFS) and progression-free survival (PFS). The medical records of 204 patients affected by pT1 BCa were retrospectively reviewed.
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