Placing the tibial component of an ankle prosthesis: results of a CT-based simulation in healthy adults.

Purpose: To characterize the 3D geometry of the distal tibia resection area from healthy individuals using CT-based digital implantation for proper preoperative sizing of TAA tibia component placement.

Methods: Standardized CT images of healthy ankle joints serving as intra-individual references for treatment of contralateral injuries were identified. The tibial cross section dedicated to virtually host the tibial component was digitally prepared, and the size of the virtual contact surface was calculated.

[Surgical treatment of forefoot and midfoot fractures : Minimally invasive fixation of metatarsal fractures].

Objective: Minimally invasive stabilization of metatarsal fractures to enable adequate fracture healing in a correct position to restore anatomy and biomechanics of the foot.

Indications: A. Dislocated diaphyseal and subcapital fractures of the second to fifth metatarsal (> 3 mm, > 10° dislocation).

Regional Variations in the Intra- and Intervertebral Trabecular Microarchitecture of the Osteoporotic Axial Skeleton with Reference to the Direction of Puncture.

Background: Trabeculae in vertebral bodies are unequally distributed within the cervical spine (CS), the thoracic spine (TS), and lumbar spine (LS). Such structures are also unequally distributed within the individual vertebrae. Exact knowledge of the microstructure of these entities could impact our understanding and treatment of fractures caused by osteoporosis and possibly improve surgical approaches.

Functional assessment and outcome following surgical treatment of displaced tibial plateau fractures: a retrospective analysis.

Purpose: Patients with tibial plateau fractures (TPF) are at risk of long-term hampered bipedal locomotion. A retrospective single-center study using patient-related outcome measures and a sophisticated assessment of walking abilities was conducted.

Methods: Adults receiving surgical treatment of an isolated TPF between January 2012 and December 2016 received the KOOS questionnaire together with the invitation for an extensive follow-up examination on the clinical outcome including standardized assessment of the walking abilities (loadsol system).

[Sacral H-shaped fractures between traumatic, insufficiency and fatigue fractures : Similarities, differences and controversies].

In the basic entirety of stress fractures, insufficiency fractures are defined as fractures caused by prolonged normal or physiological loading of a bone with insufficient elastic resistance. This clearly distinguishes it from fatigue fractures, in which excessive loads are continuously applied to a bone with normal elastic resistance. According to Pentecost (1964) both entities of stress fracture result from "the inherent inability of the bone to withstand stress applied without violence in a rhythmical, repeated, subthreshold manner".

An outbreak of measles in an undervaccinated community.

Measles is readily spread to susceptible individuals, but is no longer endemic in the United States. In March 2011, measles was confirmed in a Minnesota child without travel abroad. This was the first identified case-patient of an outbreak.

Clinical diagnosis versus autopsy findings in polytrauma fatalities.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine if differences in clinical diagnosis versus autopsy findings concerning the cause of death in polytrauma fatalities would be detected in 19 cases of fatal polytrauma from a Level 1 trauma centre.

Methods: Clinical diagnoses determining the cause of death in 19 cases of fatal polytrauma (2007 - 2008) from a Level 1 trauma centre were correlated with autopsy findings.

Results: In 13 cases (68%), the clinical cause of death and the cause of death as determined by autopsy were congruent.

The 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic and Minnesota's K-12 schools: public health lessons learned.

Prior to 2009, influenza pandemic planners had primarily planned for a virus that would originate in a location other than North America, giving public health officials in the United States time to determine its severity before widespread disease occurred here. Thus, response plans for schools focused on closure in the case of a severe pandemic and potential closure in the event of a moderate one. The 2009 H1N1 pandemic, however, presented a different scenario.

Development of streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin C vaccine toxoids that are protective in the rabbit model of toxic shock syndrome.

Streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin C (SPE C) is a superantigen produced by many strains of Streptococcus pyogenes that (along with streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A) is highly associated with streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS) and other invasive streptococcal diseases. Based on the three-dimensional structure of SPE C, solvent-exposed residues predicted to be important for binding to the TCR or the MHC class II molecule, or important for dimerization, were generated. Based on decreased mitogenic activity of various single-site mutants, the double-site mutant Y15A/N38D and the triple-site mutant Y15A/H35A/N38D were constructed and analyzed for superantigenicity, toxicity (lethality), immunogenicity, and the ability to protect against wild-type SPE C-induced STSS.

Unique superantigen activity of staphylococcal exfoliative toxins.

Certain strains of Staphylococcus aureus express one or both of two related, but immunologically distinct, exfoliative toxins (ETA and ETB). These toxins induce the symptoms associated with staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome. Both ETs have been shown to stimulate T cell proliferation.

A mutational analysis of the binding of staphylococcal enterotoxins B and C3 to the T cell receptor beta chain and major histocompatibility complex class II.

The three-dimensional structure of the complex between a T cell receptor (TCR) beta chain (mouse Vbeta8.2Jbeta2.1Cbeta1) and the superantigen (SAG) staphylococcal enterotoxin C3 (SEC3) has been recently determined to 3.

Aggregation and binding substances enhance pathogenicity in rabbit models of Enterococcus faecalis endocarditis.

We investigated the importance of enterococcal aggregation substance (AS) and enterococcal binding substance (EBS) in rabbit models of Enterococcus faecalis cardiac infections. First, American Dutch belted rabbits were injected intraventricularly with 10(8) CFU and observed for 2 days. No clinical signs of illness developed in animals given AS- EBS- organisms, and all survived.

Epiligrin, a new cell adhesion ligand for integrin alpha 3 beta 1 in epithelial basement membranes.

Epiligrin is a new glycoprotein in most epithelial basement membranes (BMs) and is a ligand for cell adhesion via integrin alpha 3 beta 1. In the extracellular matrix of human foreskin keratinocytes (HFKs), epiligrin contains three disulfide-bonded, glycoprotein subunits, E170, E145, and E135, based on molecular size in kilodaltons. Epiligrin, immunopurified with MAb P1E1, induced cell adhesion and localization of integrin alpha 3 beta 1 in focal adhesions (FAs).

Distinct functions for integrins alpha 3 beta 1 in focal adhesions and alpha 6 beta 4/bullous pemphigoid antigen in a new stable anchoring contact (SAC) of keratinocytes: relation to hemidesmosomes.

Basal cells of stratified epidermis are anchored to the basement membrane zone (BMZ) of skin via hemidesmosomes. We previously identified integrin alpha 3 beta 1, in focal adhesions (FAs), of cultured human keratinocytes (HFKs) as a mediator of HFK adhesion to secreted BMZ-like extracellular matrix (ECM; Carter, W.G.