Characterization of microRNA candidates at the primary site of infectious bronchitis virus infection: A comparative study of in vitro and in vivo avian models.

Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is an important avian pathogen with a positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome. IBV is the causative agent of infectious bronchitis (IB), a primarily respiratory disease affecting chickens, with the ability to disseminate to other organ systems, such as the gastrointestinal, renal, lymphoid, and reproductive systems. Tracheal epithelial cells are the primary target of IBV, and these cells play a vital role in the effective induction of the antiviral response and eventual clearance of IBV.

Determination of KGa-1b and SHCa-1 Δ'O and δO via Laser Fluorination of Lithium Fluoride Clay Pellets.

Rationale: Stable oxygen isotope measurements in silicate clays, such as smectite and kaolinite, provide crucial information for understanding Earth's climate history and environmental changes. Despite a growing interest in the oxygen isotope analysis of silicate clays and clay-rich sediments, there lacks a consensus on the preparation and standardization of clay mineral samples. To improve the accuracy and interlaboratory comparisons of clay isotope measurements, especially those involving laser fluorination techniques, newly established kaolinite and smectite oxygen isotope standards are much needed.

X-Linked Hypophosphatemia Management in Children: An International Working Group Clinical Practice Guideline.

Background: An International Working Group (IWG) developed new guidelines on the diagnosis, evaluation, management, and monitoring of X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) in children. Over the past 5 years, important advances have occurred in our understanding of the presentation, complications and treatment of XLH.

Methods: A group of 50 international experts in XLH from Canada, the United States, Europe, Asia and South America, along with methodology experts and patient partners, held 18 teleconference meetings in 2023-2024.

Effects of home-based exercise with or without cognitive training on cognition and mobility in cardiac patients: A randomized clinical trial.

This randomized controlled trial compared the effects of home-based exercise, with or without cognitive training, on cognition and physical function in individuals aged 50 years and older with stable CVD during the COVID-19 pandemic. 122 patients (67.3 ± 7.

Comparison of nasal swabs and handmade foam cubes for detecting equine herpesvirus 5 (EHV-5) by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).

The control of equine respiratory infections is a biosecurity challenge. Respiratory viruses are often rapidly detected using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) on nasal swabs. In the past, some laboratories developed handmade techniques to increase the amount of nasal secretions collected, without comparing them with nasal swabs when qPCR replaced the use of viral culture.

Measurement Properties of the Dysphagiameter for the Assessment of Dysphagia in Oculopharyngeal Muscular Dystrophy.

Oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (OPMD) is a rare late-onset muscle disease with progressive dysphagia as a major symptom. The Dysphagiameter is a newly developed patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) to assess the severity of dysphagia and its impact in patients with OPMD. This article reports on item reduction and a first assessment of the Dysphagiameter's psychometrics properties, in a French and English-speaking population of individuals with OPMD.

Difference in Drinking Times as a Function of Liquid Consistency in Adults With Oculopharyngeal Muscular Dystrophy: A Comparative Study Using Bostwick Consistometer and IDDSI Flow Test Methods.

The main objective was to document the differences between drinking times and oral perception between liquids in individuals with dysphagia. A second objective was to assess variations in consistency categorization across instruments. A third objective was to explore the relationship between drinking time and dysphagia severity.

Effects of home-based exercise alone or combined with cognitive training on cognition in community-dwelling older adults: A randomized clinical trial.

Background: Structured and supervised physical exercise and cognitive training are two efficient ways to enhance cognition in older adults. Performing both within a combined intervention could maximize their effect on cognition due to their potential synergy on brain functions. During the COVID-19 pandemic, these interventions were particularly relevant due to the collateral impact of social restrictions regarding physical activity and the level of cognitive stimulation.

Oxygen supplementation and cognitive function in long-COVID.

Background: Patients can experience persistent cognitive complaints and deficits in long-COVID. Inflammation and capillary damage may contribute to symptoms by interfering with tissue oxygenation.

Methods: This was an exploratory pilot crossover study designed to describe the effects of supplemental oxygen (portable oxygen concentrator, POC) on cognitive performance and peripheral and cerebral oxygen saturation at rest and exercise.

Transformation of Engineered Copper Oxide Nanoparticles in Surface Waters.

Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) are widely used for their catalytic properties, conductive capacity, and innovations in the fields of superconductors, alloys, and solar energy sensors. To better understand the impact of water chemistry on the stability of CuO nanoparticles, a series of measurements were carried out on nanoparticles suspended in pure water, natural water, and water enriched with natural organic matter fulvic acid (FA). ICP-MS characterization in single-particle mode (SP-ICP-MS) was performed to determine the stability or transformation of nanoparticles in contrasting water conditions.

Beyond the Guidelines: Perspectives on Management of Pediatric Patients with Hypertriglyceridemia.

Purpose Of Review: To provide a comprehensive overview of hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) in youth, identifying gaps in categorizing triglyceride (TG) levels and management strategies, and exploring new therapies for TG reduction.

Recent Findings: Non-fasting TG levels as important cardiovascular (CV) risk indicators, with HTG's pathophysiology involving genetic and secondary factors affecting TG metabolism. Emerging treatments, including those affecting the lipoprotein lipase complex and inhibiting proteins like apoC3 and ANGPTL3, show promise.

The cost of potentially inappropriate medications for older adults in Canada: A comparative cross-sectional study.

Background: Potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) are medications whereby the harms may outweigh the benefits for a given individual. Although overprescribed to older adults, their direct costs on the healthcare system are poorly described.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of the cost of PIMs for Canadians aged 65 and older, using adapted criteria from the American Geriatrics Society.

Validation of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Clinical Insights Using a Generalized Oncology Natural Language Processing Model.

Purpose: Limited studies have used natural language processing (NLP) in the context of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aimed to validate the application of an NLP model to an NSCLC cohort by extracting NSCLC concepts from free-text medical notes and converting them to structured, interpretable data.

Methods: Patients with a lung neoplasm, NSCLC histology, and treatment information in their notes were selected from a repository of over 27 million patients.

Complete genome sequence of a strain in lymphocyte-depleted bursa of Fabricius of a Common Raven ().

A necropsy was performed on a Common Raven () presenting an opportunistic fungal respiratory infection and a bursal lymphoid depletion with inclusion bodies, suggestive of a circovirus infection. High-throughput sequencing of circular DNA in the bursa of Fabricius revealed a complete genome sequence of a strain.

Camu-camu decreases hepatic steatosis and liver injury markers in overweight, hypertriglyceridemic individuals: A randomized crossover trial.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects 25% of the adult population with no effective drug treatments available. Previous animal studies reported that a polyphenol-rich extract from the Amazonian berry camu-camu (CC) prevented hepatic steatosis in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity. This study aims to determine the impact of CC on hepatic steatosis (primary outcome) and evaluate changes in metabolic and gut microbiota profiles (exploratory outcomes).

Substituting Refined Sugars With Maple Syrup Decreases Key Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Individuals With Mild Metabolic Alterations: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Crossover Trial.

Background: Maple syrup, a minimally transformed sweetener rich in polyphenols, can exert a action and improve metabolic parameters in animal models. However, no randomized clinical trial has investigated this.

Objectives: This study aims to determine whether replacing refined sugars with an equivalent quantity of maple syrup could decrease key cardiometabolic risk factors in individuals with mild metabolic alterations.

Sex-specific Associations of Aldosterone and Renin With Body Composition: A Population-based Cohort Study.

Context: Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) activation is closely linked to obesity; however, the sex-specific associations between RAAS activity and body composition among individuals without obesity are not well understood.

Objective: To investigate the associations of aldosterone and renin with body composition according to sex in the general population.

Design: Population-based cohort study.

Translational approach to establish the cardiometabolic health effects and mechanisms of action of fish nutrients-it takes a village.

People use dietary supplements to offset nutritional deficiencies and manage metabolic dysfunction. While the beneficial effect of fish proteins on glucose homeostasis is well established, the ability of fish peptides to replicate the protein findings is less clear. With financial support from a programmatic Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Team grant, we aimed to identify salmon peptide fractions (SPFs) with the potential to mitigate metabolic dysfunction.