Identification and Pathogenicity of Fungi Associated with Dry Rot of Potato Tubers.

Dry rot of potato tubers is a harmful disease caused by species of the genus. Studies on the composition and features of spp. that cause the disease in Russia are limited.

A novel bipartite negative-stranded RNA mycovirus of the order Bunyavirales isolated from the phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium sibiricum.

A novel negative-stranded RNA mycovirus was isolated from the phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium sibiricum strain AH32. This virus, tentatively named "Fusarium sibiricum coguvirus 1" (FsCV1), has a bipartite genome consisting of two RNA segments (RNA1 and RNA2). The negative-sense RNA1 is 6711 nt in length, encoding the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp, p251) in the viral complementary (vc) strand.

, a new cryptic species in the complex associated with sunflower.

A species associated with sunflower based on multilocus genealogy, morphological, physiological, ecological, mating type, and mycotoxin production data is formally described as the newly discovered species . The strains formed a genealogically exclusive lineage within the African clade of the species complex. Comparison of morphological characteristics of strains with those of the closely related strain NRRL 13617 revealed similarities in the main micromorphology of both species: production of numerous one-celled microconidia in false heads and short chains on monophialides and polyphialides and the absence of macroconidia and sporodochia.

Diversity of Fusarium Species and Their Mycotoxins in Cereal Crops from the Asian Territory of Russia.

Up-to-date information on the occurrence of Fusarium fungi and their mycotoxins in the grain of wheat, barley and oats grown in the Urals and West Siberia in 2018‒2019 is presented. Mycological analysis of grain revealed at least 16 species of Fusarium fungi. The F.

Biodiversity of Fungi Inhabiting European Blueberry in North-Western Russia and in Finland.

European blueberry is a common plant in coniferous and mixed forests that grows in Russia, Northern Europe, Asia, United States, and Canada. Among the fungi that cause blueberry diseases, the most harmful are Diaporthe vaccinii and Colletotrichum acutatum. These fungi are included in the consolidated list of quarantine objects of the Eurasian Economic Union and their occurrence and spread in the territory of countries of this Union is subject to strict control.

Draft Genome Sequences of Prototrophic and Biotin-Auxotrophic Fusarium langsethiae Strains Isolated from an Oat Grain in the Northern Region of Russia.

Fusarium langsethiae is a suspected plant-pathogenic fungus causing cereal contamination with trichothecene mycotoxins. Here, we report the genome sequences of two strains, MFG217701 (a prototroph) and MFG217702 (a biotin auxotroph), isolated from a grain of oat harvested in Russia.

Resistance of oat breeding lines to grain contamination with Fusarium langsethiae and T-2/HT-2 toxins.

Fusarium disease of oats reduces yield quality due to decreasing germination that is caused by the contamination of grain with mycotoxins produced by Fusarium fungi. The aim of this study was to characterize the resistance of naked breeding lines of oats to fungal grain infection and to contamination with T-2 and HT-2 toxins. Thirteen naked oat breeding lines and two naked varieties, Nemchinovsky 61 and Vyatskiy, as well as a husked variety Yakov, were grown under natural conditions in the Nemchinovka Federal Research Center in 2019-2020.

Fusarium head blight in the Russian Far East: 140 years after description of the 'drunken bread' problem.

The first appearance of Fusarium head blight (FHB)-and the beginning of scientific research of this disease-occurred the Far East region of Russia at the end of the 19th century. In the summer of 2019, in the Amur region, which comprises 60-70% of grain production in the Russian Far East, flooding caused a state of emergency. The quality of wheat and barley grains grown under natural conditions of FHB outbreaks, including grain infection, fungal species composition, DNA content of and chemotypes, and the presence of various mycotoxins, was studied.

Natural Occurrence of Fungi and Associated Mycotoxins in Small-Grain Cereals from The Urals and West Siberia Regions of Russia.

fungi dominate the grain microbiota in many regions of the world; therefore, the detection of species that are able to produce mycotoxins has received much attention. A total of 178 grain samples of wheat, barley and oat obtained from the Urals and West Siberia regions of Russia in 2017-2019 were included in the study. Grain contamination with fungi belonging to sections and was analysed using qPCR with specific primers.

Phylogenomic Analysis of a 55.1-kb 19-Gene Dataset Resolves a Monophyletic that Includes the Species Complex.

Scientific communication is facilitated by a data-driven, scientifically sound taxonomy that considers the end-user's needs and established successful practice. In 2013, the community voiced near unanimous support for a concept of that represented a clade comprising all agriculturally and clinically important species, including the species complex (FSSC). Subsequently, this concept was challenged in 2015 by one research group who proposed dividing the genus into seven genera, including the FSSC described as members of the genus , with subsequent justification in 2018 based on claims that the 2013 concept of is polyphyletic.

Diversity of Physiological and Biochemical Characters of Microdochium Fungi.

The biological characterization of Microdochium majus, M. nivale, and M. seminicola strains with wide geographical origins showed the diversity of their pathogenic properties and metabolite compounds, allowing them to exist in their habitats.

Evidence of Fungi Associated with Cereal Grains in Russia.

In total, 46 strains from five different geographic regions of Russia were explored with respect to genetic diversity, morphology, and secondary metabolites. Based on the results of PCR, 59% and 28% of the strains were identified as and , respectively. As a result of sequencing four genome regions, namely ITS, LSU, BTUB, and RPB2 (2778 bp), five genetically and phenotypically similar strains from Western Siberia were identified as , which, according to our findings, is the prevalent species in this territory.

Trichothecenes in Cereal Grains - An Update.

Trichothecenes are sesquiterpenoid mycotoxins produced by fungi from the order Hypocreales, including members of the genus that infect cereal grain crops. Different trichothecene-producing species and strains have different trichothecene chemotypes belonging to the Type A and B class. These fungi cause a disease of small grain cereals, called Fusarium head blight, and their toxins contaminate host tissues.

Analysis of Toxigenic Species Associated with Wheat Grain from Three Regions of Russia: Volga, Ural, and West Siberia.

Wheat grains collected in three regions of Russia-Volga, Ural, and West Siberia-were analyzed for triangulation of methods in analysis of toxigenic species. The presence of fungi and quantitative content of their biomass were detected by using various analytical methods, including a mycological and immunochemical methods, and quantitative PCR. Additionally, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry were applied for determination of mycotoxins.

Morphological and Molecular Variation Between , and Strains.

and closely related species are common fungi on various plants, cultivated in different climatic regions. The aim of this study was to determine the taxonomic affiliations of the , and strains by using morphological, physiological and molecular-genetic approaches. Twenty-six single-spored morphologically identified strains, which were mainly from cereals, were investigated in order to find out, if they belong to a separate species.

Identification and Characterization of Spontaneous Auxotrophic Mutants in Fusarium langsethiae.

Analysis of 49 strains of originating from northern Europe (Russia, Finland, Sweden, UK, Norway, and Latvia) revealed the presence of spontaneous auxotrophic mutants that reflect natural intraspecific diversity. Our investigations detected that 49.0% of strains were auxotrophic mutants for biotin, and 8.

Study of the Vapor Phase Over Fusarium Fungi Cultured on Various Substrates.

The compositions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by Fusarium fungi (F. langsethiae, F. sibiricum, F.

A European Database of Fusarium graminearum and F. culmorum Trichothecene Genotypes.

Fusarium species, particularly Fusarium graminearum and F. culmorum, are the main cause of trichothecene type B contamination in cereals. Data on the distribution of Fusarium trichothecene genotypes in cereals in Europe are scattered in time and space.

The novel strain Fusarium proliferatum LE1 (RCAM02409) produces α-L-fucosidase and arylsulfatase during the growth on fucoidan.

Enzymes capable of modifying the sulfated polymeric molecule of fucoidan are mainly produced by different groups of marine organisms: invertebrates, bacteria, and also some fungi. We have discovered and identified a new strain of filamentous fungus Fusarium proliferatum LE1 (deposition number in Russian Collection of Agricultural Microorganisms is RCAM02409), which is a potential producer of fucoidan-degrading enzymes. The strain LE1 (RCAM02409) was identified on the basis of morphological characteristics and analysis of ITS sequences of ribosomal DNA.

One fungus, one name: defining the genus Fusarium in a scientifically robust way that preserves longstanding use.

In this letter, we advocate recognizing the genus Fusarium as the sole name for a group that includes virtually all Fusarium species of importance in plant pathology, mycotoxicology, medicine, and basic research. This phylogenetically guided circumscription will free scientists from any obligation to use other genus names, including teleomorphs, for species nested within this clade, and preserve the application of the name Fusarium in the way it has been used for almost a century. Due to recent changes in the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants, this is an urgent matter that requires community attention.

Fusarium sibiricum sp. nov, a novel type A trichothecene-producing Fusarium from northern Asia closely related to F. sporotrichioides and F. langsethiae.

Production of type A trichothecenes has been reported in the closely related species Fusarium langsethiae and F. sporotrichioides. Here, we characterized a collection of Fusarium isolates from Siberia and the Russian Far East (hereafter Asian isolates) that produce high levels of the type A trichothecene T-2 toxin and are similar in morphology to the type A trichothecene-producing F.

A novel Asian clade within the Fusarium graminearum species complex includes a newly discovered cereal head blight pathogen from the Russian Far East.

We investigated Fusarium graminearum complex (Fg complex) species diversity and toxin potential in European and Asian regions of the Russian Federation and adjoining regions northwest to Finland and south near Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China, to expand our knowledge of the host range and geographic distribution of these economically devastating cereal head blight pathogens. Results of a recently described multilocus genotyping (MLGT) assay revealed that F. graminearum was the sole Fg complex pathogen in northern Europe and the predominant one in Asia (90.

[FLASH-PCR diagnostics of toxigenic fungi of the genus Fusarium].

A test system for the diagnostics and identification of seven toxigenic fungi causing fusarioses of cereals (Fusarium graminearum, F. culmorum, F. poae, F.