The Effects of Stigma on Recovery Attitudes in People With Anorexia Nervosa in Intensive Treatment.

Self-stigma in individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) may affect engagement in intensive treatment. The objective of this study was to test a Model of Self-Stigma to identify the influence of public stigma, internalized stigma, self-esteem, and self-efficacy on recovery attitudes in individuals in inpatient treatment for AN. Using a cross-sectional design, 36 female participants with AN completed questionnaires during the first week of intensive inpatient treatment.

Remission from Depression among Adults with Arthritis: A 12-Year Followup of a Population-Based Study.

Individuals with arthritis are vulnerable to depression. In this study, we calculated time to remission from depression in a representative community-based sample of depressed Canadians with arthritis who were followed for 12 years. We conducted secondary analysis of a longitudinal panel study, the National Population Health Survey, which was begun in 1994/95 and has included biennial assessment of depression since that time.

Bouncing back: remission from depression in a 12-year panel study of a representative Canadian community sample.

Purpose: This study sought to investigate time to remission from depression in a community-based sample of adults followed for 12 years.

Methods: Data were derived from the National Population Health Survey (1994/5-2006/7 and 1996/7-2008/9). Fully 1,128 adults were included who were depressed at baseline according to DSM-III/CIDI-SF criteria.

Unhealthy behaviours among Canadian adolescents: prevalence, trends and correlates.

Introduction: This study examines (1) time trends in the prevalence of selected unhealthy behaviours among adolescents aged 12 to 17 years, (2) the most commonly adopted combinations of unhealthy behaviours, and (3) socio-economic and sociodemographic correlates of unhealthy behaviours among adolescents.

Methods: A secondary analysis used data collected from 13 198 Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) respondents in 2000/2001 and 11 050 CCHS respondents in 2007/2008.

Results: Although the proportion of adolescents consuming a healthy diet increased over the study period, about 50% are still consuming insufficient amounts of fruit and vegetables.

The role of mastery and social support in the association between life stressors and psychological distress in older Canadians.

Gerontological social workers and other health professionals are often dealing with older adults in psychological distress. Greater clarity on the relationship between stress and psychological distress will enhance the efficacy of outreach and treatment initiatives for older adults. This study explored the underlying causal structure of the relationships of common life stressors and psychosocial resources for Canadians 65 years and older (542 men and 835 women).

Cyber bullying behaviors among middle and high school students.

Little research has been conducted that comprehensively examines cyber bullying with a large and diverse sample. The present study examines the prevalence, impact, and differential experience of cyber bullying among a large and diverse sample of middle and high school students (N = 2,186) from a large urban center. The survey examined technology use, cyber bullying behaviors, and the psychosocial impact of bullying and being bullied.

Relative body weight and disability in older adults: results from a national survey.

Objective: This study examined the sociodemographic, health, and economic determinants of limitations in performing instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) in Canadians 65 years and older with emphasis on the role of relative body weight. Furthermore, the study examined the relationship between these limitations and the whole range of relative body weight while controlling for the above determinants.

Method: This research used data collected in the Canadian Community Health Survey in 2005 on Canadians 65 years and older (N = 21,255).

Stop blaming the victim: a meta-analysis on rape myths.

Although male rape is being reported more often than before, the majority of rape victims continue to be women. Rape myths-false beliefs used mainly to shift the blame of rape from perpetrators to victims-are also prevalent in today's society and in many ways contribute toward the pervasiveness of rape. Despite this, there has been limited consideration as to how rape prevention programs and policies can address this phenomenon, and there is no updated information on the demographic, attitudinal, or behavioral factors currently associated with rape myths.

Association of obesity with mood and anxiety disorders in the adult general population.

Obesity is a major health concern. It has been implicated as a risk factor for several physical illnesses, functional limitations and poor quality of life. However, while the physical consequences of obesity are well established, the relationship between obesity and mental health is still unclear.

Meta-analysis of health and demographic correlates of stigma towards people living with HIV.

HIV-related stigma may negatively impact the health, quality of life, social support and well-being of people living with HIV (PLHIV). Previous studies have used diverse samples and a multitude of measurement instruments to examine demographic and health correlates of HIV-related stigma, highlighting the importance of synthesizing findings across different studies to gain a better understanding of these associations. This study examined the relationships between HIV-related stigma and a range of demographic, social, physical and health characteristics.

Socioeconomic gradient of functional limitations in individuals diagnosed with mood disorders.

The association between unfavorable socioeconomic conditions and higher prevalence of mood disorders has been well established. The detrimental impact of mood disorders on disability is also well established. Less is known about the socioeconomic gradient of disability in individuals with mood disorders.

Determinants, correlates and mediators of psychological distress: a longitudinal study.

This study examined determinants and correlates of psychological distress focusing on the roles of psychosocial resources, such as sense of mastery and social support in mediating and/or moderating the effects of life stressors, such as unfavourable socioeconomic conditions (SES), poor physical health and chronic daily stress on individuals' level of distress. Additionally, the above examination was conducted for men and women separately and the results were compared. The study was based on secondary analyses of data collected by Statistics Canada in two cycles of the National Population Health Survey: 2002/2003 and 2004/2005.

Sense of mastery, social support, and health in elderly Canadians.

Objective: This study aims to examine the structural relationships among sense of mastery (SOM), income level, social support, physical health, and stress in older Canadians, while controlling for demographic characteristics.

Method: This research uses data collected in the National Population Health Survey on Canadians aged 65 years and older (N = 1,399).

Results: Higher income predicts better health and more social support, which, in turn, predicts higher SOM.

Examining the lag time between state-level income inequality and individual disabilities: a multilevel analysis.

State-level income inequality has been found to have an effect on individual health outcomes, even when controlled for important individual-level variables such as income, education, age, and gender. The effect of income inequality on health may not be immediate and may, in fact, have a substantial lag time between exposure to inequality and eventual health outcome. We used the 2006 American Community Survey to examine the association of state-level income inequality and 2 types of physical disabilities.

Eating disorders and associated psychiatric comorbidity in elderly Canadian women.

This study examined the prevalence of disordered eating symptomatology and their associations with socio-demographic characteristics and health indicators in a nationally representative sample of Canadian women aged 50 years and older. The study also examined associations of disordered eating symptomatology with comorbid mood disorders, anxiety disorders and alcohol dependence. The study was based on secondary data analysis of the Canadian Community Health Survey, cycle 1.

Comparison of users and non-users of mental health services among depressed women: a national study.

Risk factors for major depressive episodes (MDE), determinants of not seeking treatment for it and types of health care service accessed by women who received treatment for MDE were examined using data collected in the Health and Mental Health cycle of the Canadian Community Health Survey, 2002. Of the 1,186 women with MDE, 45% did not receive treatment for it. The highest rates of MDE were found among women under 30 years of age, single mothers with young children, low income women, those with chronic health conditions, high levels of daily stress and low levels of social support.

Psychiatric comorbidity in women with disordered eating behavior: a national study.

This study used data collected by Statistics Canada in the Mental Health and Well-being cycle of the Canadian Community Health Survey (N = 20,211) to examine the associations between disordered eating behavior and selected mood, anxiety and substance use disorders in adult women grouped in three age groups. Significant associations between disordered eating behaviors and major depression, substance dependence and psychological distress were found for women in all three age ranges. Prevalence of specific classes of anxiety disorders in women who reported disordered eating behaviors differed according to their age.

Income inequality and limitations in activities of daily living: a multilevel analysis of the 2003 American Community Survey.

Objectives: This study examined whether state income inequality was associated with an individual's limitations in activities of daily living (ADL) when controlling for the individual's demographic and socio-economic characteristics.

Study Design And Methods: The study was based on secondary analyses of data collected in the 2003 American Community Survey (ACS). The ACS is a national survey of Americans with a 96.

Cancer patients' use of social work services in Canada: prevalence, profile, and predictors of use.

This study examines the demographic and physical and mental health characteristics of social work clients among cancer patients in Canada as compared with nonusers of social work services, and factors that affect use of social work services among cancer patients. On the basis of data from two cycles of the Canadian Community Health Survey, the study's samples include 2,703 and 2,821 Canadians living with cancer in 2000-01 and 2003, respectively. The number of Canadians with cancer who consulted social workers about their physical, emotional, or mental health increased from 31,005 to 36,427 over the study period.

Co-occurrence of eating disorders and alcohol use disorders in women: a meta analysis.

This meta analysis involved 41 studies published between January of 1985 and May of 2006, which examined the co-occurrence of eating disorders (ED) and alcohol use disorders (AUD) in women. Studies were reviewed and a quantitative synthesis of their results was carried out via the calculation of standardised effect sizes. Direction and strength of the relationships between AUD and specific disordered eating patterns were examined.

Eating disorders and substance abuse in Canadian men and women: a national study.

The objective of this study was to examine the co-morbidity between eating disorders and substance use in a large nationally representative sample of Canadian women and men while including varied measures of substance consumption and a wide range of substance classes. The research was based on secondary analyses of data collected, using multistage stratified probability sampling, by Statistics Canada in the Mental Health and Well-being cycle 1.2 of the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS).

Eating disorders and substance abuse in Canadian women: a national study.

Aims: This study aimed to examine the comorbidity between eating disorders and substance use in a large nationally representative sample of Canadian adult women. Recent as well as life-time measures of substance use were used.

Design: The research was based on secondary analyses of data collected, using multi-stage stratified probability sampling, by Statistics Canada in the Mental Health and Well-being cycle 1.

Phase II trial of 5-fluorouracil and folinic acid in the treatment of advanced breast cancer.

Standard combination chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer produces response rates between 30-60% with limited impact on survival. We undertook a phase II trial to determine the activity of 5 fluorouracil (5FU) and folinic acid (FA) in patients with measurable metastatic or recurrent breast cancer who had received no prior chemotherapy. Patients meeting the eligibility criteria received 5FU 370 mg/m2/day and FA 200 mg/m2/day for 5 days repeated every 28 days, toxicity allowing.