Bone fractures in children: is there an association with obesity?

Objective: To determine the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and odds of extremity bone fractures in children.

Study Design: This was a prospective cross-sectional study conducted at 2 tertiary care pediatric emergency departments. A convenience sample of children 2-17 years of age with a nonpenetrating extremity injury was enrolled.

Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis: An association in twins?

Background: The etiology of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) remains a mystery. Some suspected risk factors include birth rank, maternal age, sex, family history and monozygosity in twins. Various theories attempt to explain the etiology of IHPS.

Late-appearing brachiocephalic aneurysm: an atypical vascular sequella of Kawasaki disease.

Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute vasculitis that can result in cardiovascular sequelae. One of the most serious consequences of KD is the development of arterial aneurysms that can lead to thrombosis and ischemia. Commonly, these lesions, occurring early in the course of KD, are found in the coronary arteries.

Treatment of ingrown toenails in the pediatric population.

Background/purpose: Nail avulsion plus chemical matrixectomy (CM) using NaOH as an alternative to surgical matrixectomy (SM) has recently been used in the treatment of ingrown toenails (IGTNs) in adults. No studies exist to dictate the most effective and safe treatment method in the pediatric population.

Methods: A retrospective review of pediatric IGTNs treated at 2 institutions for 6 years was done, looking at presentation, treatment modality, SM vs CM, and outcomes.