Adaptive Cycling: Injuries and Health Concerns.

Para-cycling has high rates of acute injuries. The underlying medical conditions of para-athletes predispose these cyclists to injury patterns and sequelae different from those of their able-bodied counterparts. Such injuries include an increased incidence of upper-extremity and soft tissue injuries, along with predisposition for respiratory, skin, genitourinary, and heat-related illnesses.

Adaptive Cycling: Classification, Adaptations, and Biomechanics.

Increased awareness, recognition, and accessibility has led to an increase in the popularity of adaptive cycling. This article aims to provide up-to-date information for clinicians about available adaptations, participation options, and resources. We review the para-cycling classification system and 4 main categories of cycles.

Genome-wide association screens for Achilles tendon and ACL tears and tendinopathy.

Achilles tendinopathy or rupture and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture are substantial injuries affecting athletes, associated with delayed recovery or inability to return to competition. To identify genetic markers that might be used to predict risk for these injuries, we performed genome-wide association screens for these injuries using data from the Genetic Epidemiology Research on Adult Health and Aging (GERA) cohort consisting of 102,979 individuals. We did not find any single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with either of these injuries with a p-value that was genome-wide significant (p<5x10-8).

Correction: Applying Personal Genetic Data to Injury Risk Assessment in Athletes.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Applying personal genetic data to injury risk assessment in athletes.

Recent studies have identified genetic markers associated with risk for certain sports-related injuries and performance-related conditions, with the hope that these markers could be used by individual athletes to personalize their training and diet regimens. We found that we could greatly expand the knowledge base of sports genetic information by using published data originally found in health and disease studies. For example, the results from large genome-wide association studies for low bone mineral density in elderly women can be re-purposed for low bone mineral density in young endurance athletes.