Impact of Biological Sex on Emotional Perception Among Adults With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: Protocol for a Systematic Review.

Background: It is well established that individuals with schizophrenia experience deficits in emotional perception that can impact long-term social and occupational functioning. Understanding the factors that impact these impairments is important for targeting interventions to improve recovery. In the general population, compared with males, females tend to show greater perception of emotions.

Probiotics and magnesium orotate for the treatment of major depressive disorder: a randomised double blind controlled trial.

Following on from our pilot studies, this study aimed to test the efficacy of a combination of probiotics (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Streptococcus thermophilus), magnesium orotate and coenzyme 10 for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) through a double-blind placebo controlled clinical trial. The participants were 120 adults diagnosed with MDD randomised to daily oral administration, over 8 weeks, of either the intervention or placebo, with a 16-week follow-up period. Intent-to-treat analysis found a significantly lower frequency of the presence of a major depressive episode in the intervention group compared with placebo at the end of the 8-week treatment phase, with no difference between the two conditions at 8-week follow-up.

Reward Learning as a Potential Mechanism for Improvement in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders Following Cognitive Remediation: Protocol for a Clinical, Nonrandomized, Pre-Post Pilot Study.

Background: Cognitive impairment is common with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Cognitive remediation (CR) is effective in improving global cognition, but not all individuals benefit from this type of intervention. A better understanding of the potential mechanism of action of CR is needed.

An exploratory study of the gut microbiota in major depression with anxious distress.

Objectives: To explore differences in the diversity and composition of the gut microbiome between major depressive disorder (MDD) with and without anxious distress.

Methods: The study comprised 117 participants (79 female, 36 male, 2 other, mean age 38.2 ± 13.

Attitudes Toward e-Mental Health Services in a Community Sample of Adults: Online Survey.

Background: Despite evidence that e-mental health services are effective, consumer preferences still appear to be in favor of face-to-face services. However, the theory of planned behavior (TPB) suggests that cognitive intentions are more proximal to behavior and thus may have a more direct influence on service use. Investigating individual characteristics that influence both preferences and intentions to use e-mental health services is important for better understanding factors that might impede or facilitate the use of these services.

Development of a multilevel health and safety climate survey tool within a mining setting.

Introduction: This study aimed to design, implement and evaluate the reliability and validity of a multifactorial and multilevel health and safety climate survey (HSCS) tool with utility in the Australian mining setting.

Methods: An 84-item questionnaire was developed and pilot tested on a sample of 302 Australian miners across two open cut sites.

Results: A 67-item, 10 factor solution was obtained via exploratory factor analysis (EFA) representing prioritization and attitudes to health and safety across multiple domains and organizational levels.

Redintegration, task difficulty, and immediate serial recall tasks.

While current theoretical models remain somewhat inconclusive in their explanation of short-term memory (STM), many theories suggest at least a contribution of long-term memory (LTM) to the short-term system. A number of researchers refer to this process as redintegration (e.g.

Phonological effects in forward and backward serial recall: qualitative and quantitative differences.

Forward serial recall is affected by a diverse range of phonological factors that are readily replicated and relatively well understood. In contrast with backward recall, these phonological effects are not consistently replicable in that some studies show that the effects are present and some show the effects are absent or severely attenuated. Moreover at the theoretical level there is no consensus about how participants perform backward recall.