Blue light therapy in the management of chronic wounds: a narrative review of its physiological basis and clinical evidence.

Introduction: Chronic wounds are a significant problem worldwide, with substantial cost to health care systems; thus, a minimally invasive and well-tolerated treatment is attractive. Blue light has shown promise in wound healing through the principle of photobiomodulation.

Objective: This review examines the physiological effects of blue light on tissue and the hypothesis that appropriate application of blue light in conjunction with SOC improves wound healing compared with SOC alone.

Transesophageal Echocardiography-Guided Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation After Rocuronium Anaphylaxis.

Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction that can quickly progress to circulatory collapse, even in the presence of timely epinephrine administration. This report describes a case of rocuronium anaphylaxis which progressed to circulatory arrest despite intravenous epinephrine and crystalloid resuscitation. Transesophageal echocardiography performed during cardiopulmonary resuscitation enabled rapid identification of the cause of shock and redirected management to prioritize further fluid administration, leading to return of spontaneous circulation with a good outcome.

Threatened limb from stingray injury.

We present the case of a 43-year-old female who suffered a stingray injury to her left ankle. The sting caused occlusion of the dorsalis pedis artery, causing dry gangrene of the medial forefoot. A below knee amputation was recommended but she was transferred for a second opinion.

The conundrum of claudication.

Stable claudication has traditionally been treated conservatively by many clinicians as operative therapies involve considerable risk for a condition that is often slowly progressive and non-fatal. The relative safety of less invasive endovascular techniques brings potential survival benefits from the increased exercise tolerance that result. We aimed to revisit and clarify the aetiologies of intermittent claudication in a review of the rarer causes that can mimic atherosclerotic occlusive disease.