Yield of abdominal radiographs in children with suspected intussusception; rate of pneumoperitoneum and other abdominal pathology.

Objectives: Ultrasound is the criterion standard imaging modality for the diagnosis of intussusception. However, to our knowledge the utility of abdominal radiographs to concurrently screen for pneumoperitoneum or other abdominal pathology that could have a similar presentation has not been studied. Our institutional protocol requires the performance of AP supine and left lateral decubitus views of the abdomen prior to ultrasound evaluation for intussusception, providing an opportunity to examine the yield of abdominal radiographs in this setting.

Intraoperative Ultrasound Guided Laparoscopic Spleen-Preserving Distal Pancreatectomy for Primitive Neuroendocrine Tumors in a Pediatric Patient With MEN-1.

This case details the presentation and surgical management of a 15-year-old male patient with multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 1 (MEN1) who required distal pancreatectomy for multiple nonfunctional pancreatic tumors. An intraoperative ultrasound was utilized to allow for proper location of the distal pancreatectomy, as well as visualization of the splenic vessel relationships and to ensure all lesions were contained within the specimen. Pathology demonstrated 5 well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors with no evidence of malignancy.

High-dose Chemotherapy is Efficacious and Well Tolerated in a Toddler With Aicardi Syndrome and Malignant Sacrococcygeal Teratoma.

Aicardi syndrome (AS) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder, predominantly seen in female individuals, which appears to have an increased risk of both benign and malignant neoplasia. We report the case of a child with AS who presented with metastatic malignant sacrococcygeal tumor (with yolk sac elements) which recurred and then was treated with 3 cycles of high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell rescue. The patient tolerated therapy with acceptable toxicity and remains in clinical remission 3 months after the completion of therapy.

Concordance of imaging modalities and cost minimization in the diagnosis of pediatric choledochal cysts.

Purpose: Given evolving imaging technologies, we noted significant variation in the diagnostic evaluation of pediatric choledochal cysts (CDC). To streamline the diagnostic approach to CDC, and minimize associated expenses, we compared typing accuracy and costs of ultrasound (US), intraoperative cholangiography (IOC), and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP).

Methods: Records of 30 consecutive pediatric CDC patients were reviewed.

Laparoscopic nephron-sparing resection of synchronous Wilms tumors in a case of hyperplastic perilobar nephroblastomatosis.

Diffuse hyperplastic perilobar nephroblastomatosis (DHPLN) is a rare precursor lesion of Wilms tumor (WT). Because of the increased risk to develop WT in either kidney, current management algorithms of DHPLN merit nephron-sparing strategies, beginning with chemotherapy and close radiographic monitoring into late childhood. After resolution of DHPLN, subsequent detection of a renal nodule mandates resection to exclude WT.