Comparative study of children's mental health outcomes in Tyrol, Austria, and South Tyrol, Italy, during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the mental health outcomes of children in North Tyrol, Austria, and South Tyrol, Italy, during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, considering the sociocultural and contextual differences between the two regions.

Methods: The Tyrolean COVID-19 Children's Study (TCCS: n = 401; June 2021 to July 2021) and the Corona and Psyche in South Tyrol 2021 Study (COP‑S; n = 3402; May 2021 to June 2021) were used for data analyses. Both studies employed cross-sectional designs and collected data through online questionnaires completed by children aged 7-13 years and their parents.

Differences in perceived threat and trauma in children during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: The past 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic were stressful for most children and adolescents; some children may have experienced a high level of stress and trauma. To date, no study has examined self-reported stress and trauma levels due to COVID-19 in children. This study aimed to assess perceived threat, exposure and trauma symptoms in children aged 7-13 years.

Role of dietary protein and exercise on biomarkers of immune activation in older patients during hospitalization.

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of short-term protein supplementation (aiming to consume 1.2 g protein/kg body weight per day) combined with moderate resistance training on 3 days of the week on tryptophan-kynurenine metabolism in 40 older patients with hip fracture. Secondary outcomes for physical recovery were hand-grip strength and chair-rise score.

Healthcare use and costs associated with children's behavior problems.

The objective of the study was to investigate associations between severity of behavior problems, specific symptom domains with healthcare use and costs in school-aged children. A cross-sectional study using data from the 10-year follow-up of two population-based birth cohorts was conducted on four rural and urban communities in Germany. There were 3,579 participants [1,834 boys (51%), 1,745 girls (49%)] on average aged 10.

Association of atopic and non-atopic asthma with emotional symptoms in school children.

Objective: To date, there is conflicting evidence whether the association between asthma and depression depends on the atopic or non-atopic asthma phenotype. This study investigates associations between emotional symptoms and atopic and non-atopic asthma in school-aged children.

Methods: Cross-sectional data on asthma and allergic diseases at the 10-year follow-up of two birth cohorts were collected by parent-reported physician diagnoses.

Is there a relationship between hyperactivity/inattention symptoms and poor oral health? Results from the GINIplus and LISAplus study.

Objectives: A few clinical observations reported that children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have poor oral health compared to children without ADHD. However, evidence is not conclusive. We assess the association between hyperactivity/inattention and oral health in a population-based study.

Food intake, diet quality and behavioral problems in children: results from the GINI-plus/LISA-plus studies.

Background/aims: To assess the association between food intake and diet quality and behavioral problems at the 10-year follow-up of the two population-based birth cohorts of the studies German Infant Nutritional Intervention and 'Influences of lifestyle-related factors on the immune system and the development of allergies in childhood'.

Methods: Cross-sectional data on food intake over the past year were collected by a parent-reported food frequency questionnaire. Diet quality was based on reference values of food amounts of the optimized mixed diet.

Effect of fatty acid status in cord blood serum on children's behavioral difficulties at 10 y of age: results from the LISAplus Study.

Background: Little is known about the effect of fatty acid (FA) concentrations in cord blood on long-term behavioral outcomes.

Objective: We assessed the effect of FAs in cord blood serum on children's behavioral difficulties at the age of 10 y.

Design: A longitudinal study of 416 children from the population-based Influences of Lifestyle-Related Factors on the Immune System and the Development of Allergies in Childhood (LISAplus) birth cohort from Munich was conducted.

From childhood to adult age: 18-year longitudinal results and prediction of the course of mental disorders in the community.

Objective: This prospective longitudinal study of a representative community sample of children and adolescents (N = 269) examined the long-term course and predictive power of psychiatric symptoms in childhood/adolescence for diagnostic outcome (ICD-10) 18 years later at adult age.

Method: At both cross-sectional assessments, baseline (1980-1984) and the 18-year follow-up (2001-2004), psychiatric symptoms were assessed using the 'Standardized Psychiatric Interview' (Goldberg et al. in Br J Prev Soc Med 24:18-23, 1970).

The Upper Bavarian longitudinal community study on psychopathology 1975-2004: 1. Methods and first results.

Objective: This paper presents background information on the methods and first results of the 25-years follow-up of the prospective longitudinal Upper Bavarian Study in the community. Longitudinal epidemiological studies which cover very long time spans require special methods. Issues concerning these requirements are discussed using design and experiences from the Upper Bavarian Study.

The Upper Bavarian longitudinal community study 1975-2004. 2. Long-term course and outcome of depression. A controlled study.

Objective: The study describes course and outcome over 25 years in depressed and non-depressed men and women from a large community study. Outcome measures covered psychopathology, disability, and impaired functioning.

Method: A depressive syndrome (depressed mood and three additional depressive symptoms) was defined and compared to a control condition without depressive symptoms in the seven days preceding baseline assessment.

Prognosis of multifactorial outcome in lumbar discectomy: a prospective longitudinal study investigating patients with disc prolapse.

Objectives: Although previous research has shown that certain medical data and psychosocial factors predict postoperative pain, it remains unclear whether they also contribute to a more distinct outcome measure that is based on classification of self-reported outcome criteria. To assess the prognostic power of somatic, psychologic, and social predictors when evident outcome criteria of surgical treatment are investigated, this study used a prospective longitudinal design examining preoperative factors associated with outcome six months after lumbar discectomy.

Methods: Forty-eight out of 58 consecutive patients were included (60% male, 40% female, mean age 47 years).