Authorship transparency and equity in otolaryngology and maxillofacial surgery: current practices and the potential impact of large language models.

Purpose: The determination of authorship order in scientific publications is critical for researcher recognition and career progression. According to a recent survey's meta-analysis, the prevalence of Honorary Authorship reaches 20% of authors. This study evaluates the adoption and proficency of authorship guidelines in maxillofacial surgery and otolaryngology.

Influence of Solvent Polarity on Crocin Content and Surface Properties of Saffron ( L.) Extracts.

The saffron composition is being widely studied for authenticity and traceability, but very few works have been carried out to investigate the relationship between the chemical and physico-chemical properties of saffron solutes and their technological functionality in colloidal systems. This study aims at evaluating the surface properties of saffron extracts obtained using solvents of different polarities to achieve extracts with different compositions in terms of the pattern and content of polar and medium polarity crocins. The air-water surface was evaluated alone and in the presence of Tween 20 at different surfactant-extract ratios.

Tetris Genioplasty 2.0: The Evolution of the Technique.

The chin is a key feature in facial aesthetics, contributing essential projection to the profile. Proper alignment ensures facial harmony, while misalignments can create irregularities that may require surgical correction. Over time, various genioplasty techniques have been developed to address a broad range of asymmetries.

Evaluating AI-Generated informed consent documents in oral surgery: A comparative study of ChatGPT-4, Bard gemini advanced, and human-written consents.

This study evaluates the quality and readability of informed consent documents generated by AI platforms ChatGPT-4 and Bard Gemini Advanced compared to those written by a first-year oral surgery resident for common oral surgery procedures. The evaluation, conducted by 18 experienced oral and maxillofacial surgeons, assessed consents for accuracy, completeness, readability, and overall quality. ChatGPT-4 consistently outperformed both Bard and human-written consents.

Exoscope and Supermicrosurgery: Pros and Cons of 3D Innovation in Lymphatic Surgery.

The surgical treatment of lymphedema has seen advancements in recent years, with supramicrosurgical lymphaticovenular anastomosis (sLVA) gaining global acceptance. The integration of 3D exoscopes into microsurgery offers potential ergonomic and educational benefits. However, systematic evaluation of their efficacy in sLVA remains limited.

Micromassage Compression Leggings Associated with Physical Exercise: Pilot Study and Example of Evaluation of the Clinical and Instrumental Effectiveness of Conservative Treatment in Lipedema.

We evaluated the effect of compression leggings with micromassage in association with physical activity on women with lipedema, not previously treated and without recent changes in body weight. The treatment resulted in an improvement in all subjective parameters, in spontaneous and evoked pain, in the volume of the limbs, in the absence of significant changes in body weight, and regardless of the duration of use, age, years of illness, the clinical stage, and body mass index (BMI). Evoked pain did not improve in areas affected by untreated lipedema; foot circumferences did not increase.

Interrupted aortic arch: from a singular forensic case to clinical and diagnostic cue.

Background: Abnormalities of aortic arch include variables related to structure, location, anatomical relationships and collateral vessels. This group includes the malformation known as "interrupted aortic arch". During fetal life, oxygenated blood is provided by materno-fetal circulation and own fetal circulation.

Psychosis in cocaine intoxication.

Background: Cocaine overdose is a condition in which an increase in blood pressure, heart rate and depth of breath is observed. Cocaine consumption also causes a wide and well-known neuropsychiatric symptomatology that is characterized by incomprehensible behavior, confused and disordered thoughts, and paranoia. Cocaine addiction is a worldwide public health problem, which has somatic, psychological, psychiatric, socio-economic, and judicial complications.

"When something goes wrong".

Background: Aspiration of food or liquids can result in suffocation, evolving in coughing, difficulty breathing and forced exhalation. Asphyxia occurs when the aspirated material occludes the upper airways, either in the proximal or distal tract, resulting in the inability to breathe. The risk of asphyxiation death, is increased if a person makes sudden movements while eating, walks or runs while eating, or even becomes distracted or frightened.

Combination of Supramicrosurgical Lymphatico-Venular Anastomosis (sLVA) and Lymph-Sparing Liposuction in Treating Cancer-Related Lymphedema: Rationale for a Regional One-Stage Approach.

Cancer-related lymphedema represents a potential complication of cancer treatment. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the combination of lymphatico-venular anastomosis and liposuction in the treatment of secondary lymphedema. We present a retrospective analysis of patients affected by cancer-related unilateral limb lymphedema.

The Role of Large Language Models (LLMs) in Providing Triage for Maxillofacial Trauma Cases: A Preliminary Study.

Background: In the evolving field of maxillofacial surgery, integrating advanced technologies like Large Language Models (LLMs) into medical practices, especially for trauma triage, presents a promising yet largely unexplored potential. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using LLMs for triaging complex maxillofacial trauma cases by comparing their performance against the expertise of a tertiary referral center.

Methods: Utilizing a comprehensive review of patient records in a tertiary referral center over a year-long period, standardized prompts detailing patient demographics, injury characteristics, and medical histories were created.

Hypoglossal Nerve Palsy Misdiagnosed as Tongue Tumor: A Rare Case of Calcified Hypoglossal Schwannoma.

The authors hereby present a case of a calcified schwannoma of the hypoglossal nerve, which led to hypoglossal nerve palsy initially misinterpreted as a tongue tumor. This paper reviews the presentation of schwannoma of the hypoglossal nerve and offers a novel perspective on this rare condition. Diagnostic pitfalls and the diagnostic-therapeutic value are also discussed.

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Diagnosis and Management of Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer in the Head and Neck Region: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

The present study investigates the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the management of Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer (NMSC) in the head and neck region. Conducted at the University Hospital "Le Scotte" in Siena, Italy, the research includes 111 patients treated from 2018 to 2021. The study aims to understand how pandemic-related healthcare changes affected NMSC treatment, focusing on differences in diagnosis and management before and during the pandemic.

Observational Study on a Large Italian Population with Lipedema: Biochemical and Hormonal Profile, Anatomical and Clinical Evaluation, Self-Reported History.

We analyzed the medical condition of 360 women affected by lipedema of the lower limbs in stages 1, 2, and 3. The data were assessed for the whole population and compared between different clinical stages, distinguishing between obese and non-obese patients. The most frequent clinical signs were pain when pinching the skin, subcutaneous nodules, and patellar fat pads.

Reverse engineering in forensic investigations: a new approach to bite mark analysis.

The study of bite marks provides crucial elements that contribute towards identifying the biter. In many cases, it assumes importance when bite marks are detected on the body of a victim of violence, but it could also be relevant when the bite marks are seen on food substances at the crime scene. In both circumstances, comparing the bite marks with a suspect's dentition can be decisive in confirming or excluding the culpability.

The impact of COVID-19 pandemic in patients with a diagnosis of Oral Lichen Planus: Pain perception and psychological profile analysis.

Objectives: To assess the impact of COVID-19 in patients affected by OLP, in terms of level of pain, stress, depression and anxiety and their impact on the clinical manifestation of the disease.

Material And Methods: A longitudinal design was employed. Psychometric evaluations of anxiety, stress, and depression were conducted using the DASS21 scale, while pain levels were measured using the VAS scale.

Tetris Genioplasty: A New Paradigm for Chin Asymmetries Correction.

The chin plays a crucial role as a fundamental structural component that contributes to the overall aesthetics and harmony of the face. Recognizing its central position, medical science has seen the evolution of numerous surgical techniques over the years, all aimed at correcting the range of structural irregularities that can affect the chin. In this contribution, the authors introduce an innovative osteotomy technique, aimed at cases of chin asymmetry in which the skeletal median diverges from the dental median.

Technique-Related Survival Rate and Complications of Zygomatic Implant Placement: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: To assess the survival rate (SR) and probability of postoperative complications at both the implant and patient level for each of the four surgical techniques for zygomatic implant (ZI) placement: Brånemark, sinus slot, extrasinus, and extramaxillary.

Materials And Methods: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis of clinical studies that reported the survival rate and postoperative ZI complications for the rehabilitation of atrophic edentulous maxillae was conducted based on PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) recommendations. Two independent reviewers consulted four databases during the literature search: MEDLINE (PubMed), Google Scholar, Clinicaltrials.

Assessing the accuracy of ChatGPT references in head and neck and ENT disciplines.

Purpose: ChatGPT has gained popularity as a web application since its release in 2022. While artificial intelligence (AI) systems' potential in scientific writing is widely discussed, their reliability in reviewing literature and providing accurate references remains unexplored. This study examines the reliability of references generated by ChatGPT language models in the Head and Neck field.

The awakening of dormant neuronal precursors in the adult and aged brain.

Beyond the canonical neurogenic niches, there are dormant neuronal precursors in several regions of the adult mammalian brain. Dormant precursors maintain persisting post-mitotic immaturity from birth to adulthood, followed by staggered awakening, in a process that is still largely unresolved. Strikingly, due to the slow rate of awakening, some precursors remain immature until old age, which led us to question whether their awakening and maturation are affected by aging.