Adenosine relaxes vagina smooth muscle through the cyclic guanosine monophosphate- and cyclic guanosine monophosphate-dependent pathways.

Background: In males, adenosine (ADO) is known to relax penile smooth muscles, although its role in the vagina is not yet fully elucidated.

Aim: This study investigated the effect of ADO on vagina smooth muscle activity, using a validated female Sprague-Dawley rat model.

Methods: Contractility studies, using noradrenaline-precontracted vaginal strips, tested the effects of ADORA1/3 antagonists and ADORA2A/2B antagonists and agonists.

The galectin-3 inhibitor selvigaltin reduces liver inflammation and fibrosis in a high fat diet rabbit model of metabolic-associated steatohepatitis.

Introduction: Galectin-3 is a pro-fibrotic β-galactoside binding lectin highly expressed in fibrotic liver and implicated in hepatic fibrosis. Selvigaltin (previously known as GB1211) is a novel orally active galectin-3 small molecule inhibitor that has high affinity for galectin-3 (human K = 25 nM; rabbit K = 12 nM) and high oral bioavailability in rabbits and man. In this study the efficacy of selvigaltin was investigated in a high fat diet (HFD) rabbit model of metabolic-associated steatohepatitis (MASH).

Insight on the Intracrinology of Menopause: Androgen Production within the Human Vagina.

In this study, we investigated steroidogenic gene mRNA expression in human vaginas and verified the ability of human vagina smooth muscle cells (hvSMCs) to synthesize androgens from upstream precursor dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). As a readout for androgen receptor (AR) activation, we evaluated the mRNA expression of various androgen-dependent markers. hvSMCs were isolated from vagina tissues of women undergoing surgery for benign gynecological diseases.