Outcome in acute ischemic stroke patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis - a retrospective and statistical analysis of five years' experience.

This paper represents a retrospective study on 252 patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS), who received thrombolytic therapy between 2019-2023, in the Department of Neurology at the Emergency County Hospital in Craiova, Romania. We aimed to evaluate treatment complications and short-term outcomes of patients with AIS, treated with intravenous (i.v.

Clinical Characteristics and Local Histopathological Modulators of Endometriosis and Its Progression.

Unlabelled: Endometriosis (E) and adenomyosis (A) are associated with a wide spectrum of symptoms and may present various histopathological transformations, such as the presence of hyperplasia, atypia, and malignant transformation occurring under the influence of local inflammatory, vascular and hormonal factors and by the alteration of tumor suppressor proteins and the inhibition of cell apoptosis, with an increased degree of lesion proliferation.

Material And Methods: This retrospective study included 243 patients from whom tissue with E/A or normal control uterine tissue was harvested and stained by histochemical and classical immunohistochemical staining. We assessed the symptomatology of the patients, the structure of the ectopic epithelium and the presence of neovascularization, hormone receptors, inflammatory cells and oncoproteins involved in lesion development.

The influence of SARS-CoV-2 on the immune system elements and on the placental structure. Clinical, histological and immunohistochemical study.

Background: The effects of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection during pregnancy remain relatively unknown.

Aim: We present this original paper where we analyzed 60 parturients, at term, 30 without associated infection (C-) and 30 with associated infection (C+), present at birth.

Methods: We analyzed the blood count and placental microscopic structure through classical and immunohistochemical staining and observed the placental areas affected by the presence of SARS-CoV-2.

HPV and Other Risk Factors Involved in Pharyngeal Neoplasm-Clinical and Morphopathological Correlations in the Southwestern Region of Romania.

Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) development is strongly associated with risk factors like smoking, chronic alcohol consumption, and the living environment, but also chronic human papilloma virus (HPV) infection, which can trigger cascade cellular changes leading to a neoplastic transformation. The prevalence of these factors differs among different world regions, and the prevention, diagnosis, and prognosis of OPSCC are highly dependent on them. We performed a retrospective study on 406 patients diagnosed with OPSCC in our region that were classified according to the tumor type, localization and diagnosis stage, demographic characteristics, risk factors, and histological and immunohistochemical features.

Confirmation of Heart Malformations in Fetuses in the First Trimester Using Three-Dimensional Histologic Autopsy.

Background: We aimed to evaluate the usefulness of three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of histology slides to confirm congenital heart disease (CHD) detected by first-trimester fetal cardiac ultrasonography. Conventional autopsy is hindered by the small size of the first-trimester fetal heart, and current CHD confirmation studies employ the use of highly specialized and expensive methods.

Technique: An extended first-trimester ultrasound examination protocol was used to diagnose fetal heart anomalies.

The Analysis of Blood Inflammation Markers as Prognostic Factors in Parkinson's Disease.

Parkinson’s disease is a chronic, progressive, and neurodegenerative disease, and yet with an imprecise etiopathogenesis. Although neuroinflammation was initially thought to be a secondary condition, it is now believed that microglia-induced inflammation could also contribute to the degeneration of the nigrostriatal pathway. Here, we aimed to establish the feasibility of basic inflammatory biomarkers as prognostic factors in PD.

Subtle vascular and astrocytic changes in the brain of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients.

Background And Purpose: In the central nervous system, a multitude of changes have been described associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, such as microglial activation, perivascular lymphocyte cuffing, hypoxic-ischaemic changes, microthrombosis, infarcts or haemorrhages. It was sought here to assess the vascular basement membranes (vBMs) and surrounding perivascular astrocytes for any morphological changes in acute respiratory syndrome (coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19) patients.

Methods: The light microscopy morphology of the vBMs and perivascular astrocytes from brains of 14 patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection was analysed and compared to four control patients utilizing fluorescent immunohistochemistry for collagen IV and astrocytes (GFAP), endothelia (CD31), tight junction 1 (TJ1) adhesion protein, as well as the aquaporin 4 (AQP4) water channel.

Uterine myxoid leiomyosarcoma - a rare malignant tumor: the role of complex morphopathological assay. Review and case presentation.

Malignant mixed mesodermal sarcomas (myxoid leiomyosarcomas - MLMS) are a rare form of uterine cancer developed from the smooth muscles of the uterus. It usually affects women in the postmenopausal period and has an aggressive character with an unfavorable evolution and prognosis. This paper presents a case where MLMS was postoperatively confirmed with the aid of the histopathological (HP) examination coupled with specific immunolabeling techniques.

Specific Local Predictors That Reflect the Tropism of Endometriosis-A Multiple Immunohistochemistry Technique.

Ectopic endometrial epithelium associates a wide spectrum of symptomatology. Their evolution can be influenced by inflammatory and vascular changes, that affect not only the structure and cell proliferation rate, but also symptoms. This prospective study involved tissue samples from surgically treated patients, stained using classical histotechniques and immunohistochemistry.

Clinical and pathological aspects of condyloma acuminatum - review of literature and case presentation.

Condyloma acuminatum (CA) is a pathology caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). It is manifested by the appearance of warts in the vulvar, pubic, and anorectal regions, but can occur in other areas. It is a common disease that can be prevented by using measures such as condoms or vaccine.

The Influence of SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Cervical Dysplasia.

. The risk of developing invasive cancer increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in Romania, where the incidence of this disease is high due to limited medical education and broad screening. This study's objective is to analyze the number of patients admitted with different types of cervical dysplasia and the treatment applied for the lesions during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic compared to the same period for the year before the pandemic.

Virtual autopsy and confirmation of normal fetal heart anatomy in the first trimester using three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of histological sections.

Objective: In this pilot study, we tested the feasibility of cardiac structures reconstruction from histological sections in 12-13 weeks normal fetuses. Conventional autopsy is hampered at this gestational age because of the small size of the heart anatomical structures, while alternative non-invasive methods for pathology examination of the fetus are expensive, rarely available and lack accuracy data regarding the confirmation of first trimester heart defects suspected by early prenatal ultrasound (US) scans.

Materials And Methods: Normal hearts from fetuses aged 12-13 gestational weeks (GW) were harvested for histological preparation, virtual reconstruction, and cardiac structures analysis.

Ovarian ectopic pregnancy: the role of complex morphopathological assay. Review and case presentation.

Ovarian ectopic pregnancy (OEP) represents the rarest type of ectopic pregnancy, accounting for 1-3% of this pathology. The diagnosis of this pathology is challenging due to the non-specific clinical aspects and the ultrasound examination hampered by the lack of visible gestational sac in the presence of hematocele and hemoperitoneum. The purpose of the extended histopathological (HP) examination was to identify particular aspects of the OEP trophoblast and to highlight potential local ovarian modifications which can determine pregnancy fixation at this level.

Evaluation of placental vascularization in thrombophilia and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR).

The placenta is an essential organ in the proper development of pregnancy, and it can present a lot of structural and vascular lesions that can affect fetal development. One of the pathologies associated with pregnancy, which can change the placental structure is thrombophilia (TPh), and this can be correlated with an intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) of the fetus. Maternal clinical aspects (age, weight) can be correlated with fetal ones (weight, gender), but also with the structural and vascular aspect of the placenta.

The influence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and gestational hypertension (GH) on placental morphological changes.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and gestational hypertension (GH) are some of the most common medical conditions associated with pregnancy. These can be correlated with placental morphopathological changes and implicitly can influence good fetal development. The age and weight of the mother can be correlated directly proportionally with those of the fetus but also with histoarchitecture and placental vascularization.

Optical coherence tomography microscopy in experimental traumatic brain injury.

Worldwide elderly traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients tend to become an increasing burden to the society. Thus, a faster and less expensive way of evaluating TBI victims is needed. In the present study we investigated if optical coherence tomography (OCT) could be used as such a method.

Inhibition of Aquaporin 4 Decreases Amyloid Aβ40 Drainage Around Cerebral Vessels.

Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) is located mainly in the astrocytic end-feet around cerebral blood vessels and regulates ion and water homeostasis in the brain. While deletion of AQP4 is shown to reduce amyloid-β (Aβ) clearance and exacerbate Aβ peptide accumulation in plaques and vessels of Alzheimer's disease mouse models, the mechanism and clearing pathways involved are debated. Here, we investigated how inhibiting the function of AQP4 in healthy male C57BL/6 J mice impacts clearance of Aβ40, the more soluble Aβ isoform.

Clinical and Morphological Study of Single and Twin Pregnancies Placenta.

Placental morphology is very important in both single and multiple pregnancies. It can dictate certain aspects such as: fibrin depositions, calcifications, infarctions, type of vascularization, which can be directly related to placental weight and implicitly to foetal weight, both in single and twin pregnancy. Our study highlighted the macroscopic morphological aspects and through the classical and immunohistochemical colours the microscopic placental morphological aspects, both in single and in dichorionic diamniotic twin pregnancy and showed that the placenta of the foetuses from the twin pregnancy has a higher vascular density compared to the single pregnancy, and the areas of placental fusion are poor in blood vessels, but rich in fibrin depositions, calcifications and placental infarctions.

The performance of hyperadherence markers in anterior placenta praevia overlying the Caesarean scar.

Objectives: To assess the ultrasound (US) impact in diagnosing placenta accreta (PA) in patients with anterior placenta praevia localization, overlying a Caesarean scar.

Patients, Materials And Methods: This is a prospective study between January 2016 and December 2017 that included patients with Caesarean scar and placenta praevia in the third trimester of pregnancy. By means of two-dimensional (2D) grayscale and color Doppler, we investigated the presence of the following US markers for placental invasion: intraplacental lacunae, abnormal blood vessels at the myometrium-bladder interface, thinning of the hyperechogenic uterine serosa-bladder wall interface, loss of normal hypoechoic retroplacental myometrial space.

Expression patterns of aquaporins 1 and 4 in stroke.

Ischemic stroke occurs through embolic or thrombotic obliteration of an artery from cerebral circulation and represents over 80% of all stroke cases. One of the fiercest complications after stroke is edema, which results from imbalanced water diffusion around the blood vessels walls. Water diffusion around blood vessel walls occurs physiologically mainly through two protein-formed pores, namely aquaporins (AQPs) 1 and 4.

The study of tumor architecture components in prostate adenocarcinoma using fractal dimension analysis.

Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate the three main components of the tumor architecture in correlation with two different grading systems of prostate adenocarcinoma (PA) using the fractal dimension (FD) analysis.

Patients, Materials And Methods: 433 fields with different patterns of PA selected from 83 patients with total prostatectomy according to Gleason and Srigley grading systems were selected. Four serial sections were cut and stained in order to assess the following parameters: tumor grading with Hematoxylin-Eosin (H-E), tumor cells architecture (GÖ) with Gömöri technique, tumor stroma architecture (TC) with Goldner's trichrome, and vascular network (VN) architecture with cluster of differentiation 34 (CD34) immunomarker.

Triple immunohistochemistry for assessing the inflammatory, vascular and progression of adenomyosis.

Adenomyosis is a benign pathology, common to both women at reproductive age as well as later during menopause. This condition is accompanied by a strong symptomatology, which has induced intense research on this topic. From a morphological point of view, it is represented by the existence of endometrial glands and, sometimes, of the periglandular stroma (endometriosis) in the structure of the myometrium, at a significant distance from the normal endometrium.

Epithelial-glial transition in an atypical meningioma - a case report.

Atypical meningiomas with a mixed glial-epithelial phenotype are rare reports, and here we described an aggressive case on which double immunofluorescence ascertained the co-expression of epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) with glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the same tumor cells. A 62-year-old female presented with acute intracranial hypertension symptoms occurred over the last 24 hours, muscle weakness on the right side, cerebellar dysarthria, and wide base gate. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination showed a right cerebellar hemisphere non-homogenous tumor, with intense gadophylia, diffuse contours, and necrotic inner areas.

Cerebrolysin increases motor recovery and decreases inflammation in a mouse model of autoimmune encephalitis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex chronic neurodegenerative disease that involves an abnormal autoimmune response directed against the brain, nerves and spinal cord; it is considered the most frequent cause of neurological disability, because MS-associated inflammatory lesions can affect a wide range of systems to a varying degree and may cause a plethora of neurological comorbidities and symptoms. The symptoms are quite variable from patient to patient and depend on the spatial distribution of the central nervous system (CNS) lesions, but usually involve sensory disturbances, cognitive deficits, unilateral vision loss, bladder dysfunction, ataxia, fatigue, double vision, weakness of the limbs and intestinal disorders. Experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE) mouse model reproduces the pathological features of the human disease, and is a widely used model used for studying the pathology and different treatment options in the preclinical stage.

A case of tuberculous meningitis and the role of perivascular spaces in lymph cell migration in the brain.

Meningitis and encephalitis are inflammatory diseases in which acute and chronic inflammatory cells infiltrate leptomeninges, especially the arachnoid, and migrate through the subarachnoid space and by diapedesis, in order to extend around blood vessels and into the brain parenchyma. To what extent migrated/resident inflammatory cells participate to these interactions, or what are exactly the initial steps by which these cells reach the brain interstitium, it is not yet completely known. Recent years have brought new insights into the description of water flow circuits in the brain, suggesting that the cerebrospinal fluid enters the brain within the perivascular spaces of arteries, while interstitial fluid drains along perivascular venous sector.