Ultra-fast green hydrogen production from municipal wastewater by an integrated forward osmosis-alkaline water electrolysis system.

Recent advancements in membrane-assisted seawater electrolysis powered by renewable energy offer a sustainable path to green hydrogen production. However, its large-scale implementation faces challenges due to slow power-to-hydrogen (P2H) conversion rates. Here we report a modular forward osmosis-water splitting (FOWS) system that integrates a thin-film composite FO membrane for water extraction with alkaline water electrolysis (AWE), denoted as FOWS.

Evaluating UV absorbance reductions in landfill leachate for municipal sewage co-treatment through timed UV/electrooxidation.

Landfill leachate contains dissolved organic matter (DOM) exhibiting high ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm (UVA). The UVA limits leachate co-treatment with municipal sewage by hindering the downstream UV disinfection efficiency at wastewater treatment plants. Here, we alleviated the UVA by timing the radiation in a UV/electrooxidation (UV/EO) process to accelerate reactive species formation.

Superfast degradation of micropollutants in water by reactive species generated from the reaction between chlorine dioxide and sulfite.

Chlorine dioxide (ClO) is used as an oxidant or disinfectant in (waste)water treatment, whereas sulfite is a prevalent reducing agent to quench the excess ClO. This study demonstrated that seven micropollutants with structural diversity could be rapidly degraded in the reaction between ClO and sulfite under environmentally relevant conditions in synthetic and real drinking water. For example, carbamazepine, which is recalcitrant to standalone ClO or sulfite, was degraded by 55%-80% in 10 s in the ClO/sulfite process at 30-µM ClO and 30-µM sulfite concentrations within a pH range of 6.

Dosing low-level ferrous iron in coagulation enhances the removal of micropollutants, chlorite and chlorate during advanced water treatment.

Drinking water utilities are interested in upgrading their treatment facilities to enhance micropollutant removal and byproduct control. Pre-oxidation by chlorine dioxide (ClO) followed by coagulation-flocculation-sedimentation and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) is one of the promising solutions. However, the chlorite (ClO) formed from the ClO pre-oxidation stage cannot be removed by the conventional coagulation process using aluminum sulfate.