Changes in aqueous and vitreous inflammatory cytokine levels in nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes mellitus with the potential for significant patient morbidity. Although changes to intraocular inflammatory cytokines are integral to disease pathogenesis, studies have been inconsistent about which exact cytokines are associated with diabetic retinopathy. We aimed to quantitatively summarize proangiogenic and proinflammatory cytokines in nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), given its frequency among those with diabetes mellitus.

Surgical Management of Overgrowth Syndrome With Bilateral Vision-Threatening Ptosis.

We describe the first case reported in ophthalmological literature of the surgical management of a 17-month-old boy with bilateral vision-threatening ptosis, tarsomegaly, ectropion, and euryblepharon secondary to suspected overgrowth syndrome. We elaborate on the major challenges associated with surgical management including the natural and asymmetric growth of oversized tissue, the high likelihood of scarring and formation of disorganized tissue, and risks of frequent intubation in these patients who may have lesions that compromise critical structures such as the airway. Ultimately, surgical intervention is encouraged primarily if vision or ocular health is threatened and secondarily to achieve good cosmesis.

Changes in choroidal thickness and choroidal vascularity index in thyroid eye disease: a systematic review.

Purpose: To evaluate the evidence for changes in choroidal thickness and choroidal vascularity index (CVI) in people with thyroid eye disease (TED), stratified by severity, as measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Methods: Systematic review, including quality assessment, of published studies investigating choroidal thickness in TED. Outcomes of interest included CVI, subfoveal choroidal thickness, mean choroidal thickness, and peripheral choroidal thickness in four quadrants (superior, inferior, medial, lateral).

Epidemiological trends and survival outcomes for dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans of the head and neck region.

Background: Given the rarity of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) of the head and neck, the incidence and prognosis specific to this region are poorly defined. The purpose of this study was to determine epidemiology, clinicopathological characteristics, and prognostic factors of patients with DFSP of the head and neck region, using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.

Methods: A cohort analysis was performed for primary head and neck DFSP reported to the SEER database between 2000 and 2018.

Epidemiology of Product-Related Ocular Injuries in the United States From 2001 to 2020.

Background: Although ocular injuries are a major cause of ocular morbidity, ocular trauma secondary to consumer-related products is often preventable, and epidemiologic data can highlight potential avenues for intervention.

Objective: Our aim was to characterize epidemiologic trends in product-related ocular injuries presenting to the emergency department (ED) from 2001 to 2020 based on the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database.

Methods: The NEISS database was reviewed for all ED visits for ocular injuries between 2001 and 2020.

Changes in aqueous and vitreous inflammatory cytokine levels in proliferative diabetic retinopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Diabetic retinopathy is a major complication of diabetes mellitus, where in its most advanced form ischemic changes lead to the development of retinal neovascularization, termed proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). While the development of PDR is often associated with angiogenic and inflammatory cytokines, studies differ on which cytokines are implicated in disease pathogenesis and on the strength of these associations. We therefore conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to quantitatively assess the existing body of data on intraocular cytokines as biomarkers in PDR.

Validating the use of a stereoscopic robotized teleophthalmic drone slit lamp.

Objective: To validate the use of a mechanized remotely operated stereoscopic drone slit lamp (DSL) in assessing anterior segment pathology in ophthalmology patients compared with conventional slit lamp (CSL).

Methods: Patients were recruited from eye clinics at Hotel Dieu Hospital in Kingston, Ontario, Canada. Each patient was assessed by 2 examiners.

The incidence of giant cell arteritis in Ontario, Canada.

Objective: The incidence of giant cell arteritis (GCA) is insufficiently documented for Canada, but important to ascertain for public health planning. We estimate the incidence of biopsy-proven GCA (BPGCA) in Kingston, Ontario, and for the province of Ontario.

Method: The number of cases of BPGCA was tabulated from retrospective chart review of all temporal artery biopsies (TABx) in Kingston, Ontario from 2011-15.

Multivariable prediction model for suspected giant cell arteritis: development and validation.

Purpose: To develop and validate a diagnostic prediction model for patients with suspected giant cell arteritis (GCA).

Methods: A retrospective review of records of consecutive adult patients undergoing temporal artery biopsy (TABx) for suspected GCA was conducted at seven university centers. The pathologic diagnosis was considered the final diagnosis.