Publications by authors named "Gabriela L Carrillo"

Article Synopsis
  • - The study explores how epigenetic changes contribute to brain development and gene regulation in different types of neurons, specifically excitatory and inhibitory neurons.
  • - Researchers created epigenetic maps and found that specific histone modifications linked to neuron types are concentrated in regions known as super enhancers rich in EGR1 motifs.
  • - Results suggest that EGR1 binding in excitatory neurons primarily occurs in postnatal stages, while in inhibitory neurons, binding sites are accessible earlier in embryonic development, indicating different timing in gene regulation.
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The apicomplexan parasite Toxoplasma gondii has developed mechanisms to establish a central nervous system infection in virtually all warm-blooded animals. Acute T. gondii infection can cause neuroinflammation, encephalitis, and seizures.

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The rodent visual thalamus has served as a powerful model to elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie sensory circuit formation and function. Despite significant advances in our understanding of the role of axon-target interactions and neural activity in orchestrating circuit formation in visual thalamus, the role of non-neuronal cells, such as astrocytes, is less clear. In fact, we know little about the transcriptional identity and development of astrocytes in mouse visual thalamus.

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Toxoplasmic encephalitis can develop in individuals infected with the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii and is typified by parasite replication and inflammation within the brain. Patients often present with seizures, but the parasite genes and host pathways involved in seizure development and/or propagation are unknown. We previously reported that seizure induction in -infected mice is parasite strain dependent.

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Infection and inflammation within the brain induces changes in neuronal connectivity and function. The intracellular protozoan parasite, Toxoplasma gondii, is one pathogen that infects the brain and can cause encephalitis and seizures. Persistent infection by this parasite is also associated with behavioral alterations and an increased risk for developing psychiatric illness, including schizophrenia.

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The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is the master pacemaker that drives circadian behaviors. SCN neurons have intrinsic, self-sustained rhythmicity that is governed by transcription-translation feedback loops. Intrinsic rhythms within the SCN do not match the day-night cycle and are therefore entrained by light-derived cues.

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Inhibitory synapses comprise only ∼20% of the total synapses in the mammalian brain but play essential roles in controlling neuronal activity. In fact, perturbing inhibitory synapses is associated with complex brain disorders, such as schizophrenia and epilepsy. Although many types of inhibitory synapses exist, these disorders have been strongly linked to defects in inhibitory synapses formed by Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons.

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Unlabelled: During infections with the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is utilized as a carbon source for parasite metabolism and also to facilitate parasite dissemination by stimulating dendritic-cell motility. The best-recognized function for GABA, however, is its role in the nervous system as an inhibitory neurotransmitter that regulates the flow and timing of excitatory neurotransmission. When this pathway is altered, seizures develop.

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Background: Mouse visual thalamus has emerged as a powerful model for understanding the mechanisms underlying neural circuit formation and function. Three distinct nuclei within mouse thalamus receive retinal input, the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN), the ventral lateral geniculate nucleus (vLGN), and the intergeniculate nucleus (IGL). However, in each of these nuclei, retinal inputs are vastly outnumbered by nonretinal inputs that arise from cortical and subcortical sources.

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Synopsis of recent research by authors named "Gabriela L Carrillo"

  • - Gabriela L Carrillo's recent research focuses on the interaction between the brain's neuronal circuitry and various pathogenic influences, particularly from the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii, which can lead to neuroinflammation, seizures, and behavioral changes.
  • - Studies reveal that T. gondii infections can result in significant modifications to inhibitory synapses on pyramidal neurons and the formation of neuroinflammatory responses, indicating the parasite's complex impact on the central nervous system.
  • - Additionally, Carrillo's work emphasizes the role of astrocytes in the visual thalamus and their development, showcasing the importance of non-neuronal cells in sensory circuit formation, further contributing to our understanding of brain function and disorders linked to synaptic alterations.

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