Short-term intraocular pressure changes after intravitreal aflibercept 2 mg, aflibercept 8 mg and faricimab: a prospective, comparative study.

Background/aims: Intravitreal injection (IVT) of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents is the standard of care for several retinal diseases but can cause intraocular pressure (IOP) elevations. This study investigates short-term postinjection IOP changes following aflibercept 8 mg and faricimab, compared with aflibercept 2 mg.

Methods: This observational, prospective study included 90 patients with age-related macular degeneration or diabetic macular oedema, divided into three groups, receiving aflibercept 2 mg, aflibercept 8 mg or faricimab.

Intravitreal faricimab for treatment naïve patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration: a real-world prospective study.

Background: Intravitreal faricimab, a bispecific antibody targeting both angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), was recently introduced for the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD), diabetic macular oedema and cystoid macular oedema secondary to retinal vein occlusion. The aim of our study was to assess the efficacy, safety and durability of intravitreal faricimab in a real-world cohort of treatment-naïve patients with nAMD.

Methods: Single-centre, prospective cohort study of 21 eyes from 19 treatment-naïve nAMD patients who were treated with intravitreal faricimab from October 2022 to April 2024.

One-Year Real-World Outcomes of Intravitreal Faricimab for Previously Treated Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Introduction: This study assessed the efficacy, durability, and safety of faricimab in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD), previously treated with aflibercept or ranibizumab with unsatisfactory results.

Methods: This was a single-center, prospective cohort study of all consecutive patients with nAMD switched to intravitreally administered faricimab from traditional anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) treatments between September 2022 and April 2023 because of unsatisfactory response (maximal fluid-free interval ≤ 8 weeks). Faricimab was administered with a loading dose of four 4-weekly injections, followed by a treat-and-extend regimen.

OUTER RETINAL COLUMNAR ABNORMALITIES: A Novel Optical Coherence Tomography Sign of CRB1 Maculopathy?

Purpose: To report a novel optical coherence tomography sign in the context of CRB1 -related maculopathy termed outer retinal columnar abnormalities (ORCA).

Methods: Retrospective, multicenter, observational case series of 14 eyes of eight patients with molecularly confirmed CRB1 -related maculopathy and ORCA. Multimodal imaging scans and medical records of patients with CRB1 -related maculopathy were reviewed.

Intravitreal faricimab for neovascular age-related macular degeneration previously treated with traditional anti-VEGF compounds: a real-world prospective study.

Background/aims: To evaluate the efficacy, safety and durability of intravitreal faricimab in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) with unsatisfactory response to traditional anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents.

Methods: Single-centre, prospective cohort study of all consecutive patients with nAMD who were switched to intravitreal faricimab from intravitreal ranibizumab or aflibercept, due to unsatisfactory treatment response (maximal fluid-free interval ≤ 8 weeks). Intravitreal faricimab was administered with a loading dose of four 4-weekly injections, followed by an 8-week extension.

NOVEL OUTER RETINAL COLUMNAR ABNORMALITIES AND NONVASOGENIC CYSTOID MACULAR EDEMA IN DENSE DEPOSIT DISEASE.

Purpose: To describe the occurrence of bilateral outer retinal columnar abnormalities, nonvasogenic cystoid macular edema, and drusen in the context of dense deposit disease.

Methods: Case report.

Patient: An 18-year-old girl with dense deposit disease was referred to our specialist center for diagnosis and management with findings consistent with bilateral nonvasogenic cystoid macular edema and drusen.

Training Deep Learning Models to Work on Multiple Devices by Cross-Domain Learning with No Additional Annotations.

Purpose: To create an unsupervised cross-domain segmentation algorithm for segmenting intraretinal fluid and retinal layers on normal and pathologic macular OCT images from different manufacturers and camera devices.

Design: We sought to use generative adversarial networks (GANs) to generalize a segmentation model trained on one OCT device to segment B-scans obtained from a different OCT device manufacturer in a fully unsupervised approach without labeled data from the latter manufacturer.

Participants: A total of 732 OCT B-scans from 4 different OCT devices (Heidelberg Spectralis, Topcon 1000, Maestro2, and Zeiss Plex Elite 9000).

Teleophthalmology-enabled and artificial intelligence-ready referral pathway for community optometry referrals of retinal disease (HERMES): a Cluster Randomised Superiority Trial with a linked Diagnostic Accuracy Study-HERMES study report 1-study protocol.

Introduction: Recent years have witnessed an upsurge of demand in eye care services in the UK. With a large proportion of patients referred to Hospital Eye Services (HES) for diagnostics and disease management, the referral process results in unnecessary referrals from erroneous diagnoses and delays in access to appropriate treatment. A potential solution is a teleophthalmology digital referral pathway linking community optometry and HES.

Treatment strategies and long-term outcomes in patients with congenital microphthalmia-anophthalmia with cyst.

Background/aims: Microphthalmia and anophthalmia are rare conditions, which represent ocular maldevelopment; both may be associated with orbital cysts. Current literature recommends retention to stimulate orbital growth during socket rehabilitation but does not illustrate their potential to deform the periocular tissues. This study aims to illustrate the long-term outcomes when other elements, such as forniceal and lid development, are also considered when formulating bespoke treatment plans for patients.

Obtainment of Macrophages from Human Monocytes to Assess Leishmania braziliensis Infection Rate and Innate Host Immune Response.

Macrophages are multifunctional cells essential to the immune system function, and the primary host cell in Leishmania braziliensis (Lb) infection. These cells are specialized in microorganism recognition and phagocytosis, but also activate other immune cells and present antigens, as well as promote inflammation and tissue repair. Here, we describe a protocol to obtain mononuclear cells from peripheral blood (PBMC) of healthy donors to separate monocytes that then differentiate into macrophages.

Widefield imaging with Clarus fundus camera vs slit lamp fundus examination in assessing patients referred from the National Health Service diabetic retinopathy screening programme.

Objectives: To compare diabetic retinopathy (DR) grading and management plan between virtual review using widefield Clarus imaging and macular optical coherence tomography (OCT) versus slit lamp clinical examination and macular OCT.

Method: New referrals over 3 months from the National Diabetic Eye Screening programme (DESP) were screened. Patients who had both Clarus widefield imaging and macular OCT were included.

Orbital and Eyelid B-Cell Lymphoma: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.

Background: The aim of this study was to analyze patients diagnosed, staged and treated for orbital and eyelid B-cell lymphoma (OEL).

Methods: One hundred and forty-one cases of OEL were included in this study. Primary endpoints were to analyze the histopathologic findings, the main risk factors and the type of treatment and to correlate them with recurrence of OEL.

Production of Highly Active Antiparasitic Compounds from the Controlled Halogenation of the Crude Plant Extract.

Direct halogenation of phenolic compounds present in the CHCl extract of the roots of was investigated to enhance chemodiversity. The approach is based on eco-friendly reactions using NaBr, NaI, and NaCl in aqueous media to generate multiple "unnatural" halogenated natural products from crude extracts. The halogenation reactions, monitored by UHPLC-PDA-ELSD-MS, were optimized to generate mono-, di-, or trihalogenated derivatives.

Vertical restrictive strabismus associated with proptosis: Similar clinical signs, different etiopathogenetic causes. A report of three patients.

Purpose: To report the different uncommon pathogenesis of three cases of severe vertical restrictive strabismus associated with progressive unilateral proptosis with similar clinical features.

Methods: Case series of three patients who presented to the Orbit Outpatient Service of Policlinico Gemelli with a history of left progressive unilateral proptosis, slowly worsening vertical strabismus and the left eye fixed in downward position. A thorough hematologic work up was performed.

Relation of the eighth edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system with histological risk classification for primary eyelid basal cell carcinoma.

Purpose: To investigate the relation between the eighth edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system and histological risk classification for primary eyelid basal cell carcinoma.

Methods: Retrospective, observational case series of patients undergoing excisional biopsy for primary eyelid basal cell carcinoma in two tertiary centres between 2008 and 2018. Patients with <6 months of follow-up were excluded.

Clinical-Radiological Patterns and Histopathological Outcomes in Non-Thyroid Extraocular Muscle Enlargement: Retrospective Case Series and Current Concepts.

Purpose: To report a single-center experience with non-thyroid causes of extraocular muscle enlargement (EME), describing the association between clinical-radiological findings at presentation and the final histopathological diagnosis.

Methods: Retrospective consecutive case series of 59 patients with single or multiple EME on orbital imaging, in the absence of an etiological diagnosis at the time of presentation. All patients were submitted to orbital muscle biopsy in order to achieve a final etiological diagnosis.

Multimodal imaging evaluation of combined hamartoma of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium.

Purpose: Combined hamartoma of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium is a rare benign tumor characterized by a variable combination of glial, vascular, and pigmented components. The purpose of our study was to analyze the features of combined hamartoma of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium on optical coherence tomography angiography.

Methods: Small case series of two cases of combined hamartoma of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium with macular and optic nerve involvement, evaluated with multimodal imaging including optical coherence tomography, fluorescein angiography, and optical coherence tomography angiography.

Antileishmanial Activity of Dimeric Flavonoids Isolated from .

Leishmaniasis are diseases caused by parasites belonging to genus. The treatment with pentavalent antimonials present high toxicity. Secondary line drugs, such as amphotericin B and miltefosine also have a narrow therapeutic index.

Long-term outcomes after cosmetic customized prostheses and dermis fat graft in congenital anophthalmia: a retrospective multicentre study.

Purpose: To evaluate long-term outcomes of progressively enlarging cosmetic customized prostheses (CCP) early after birth followed by dermis fat graft (DFG), as a strategy of socket rehabilitation in children with clinical congenital anophthalmia (CCA).

Methods: Twenty patients with unilateral and two patients with bilateral CCA were enrolled. All patients were treated by inserting a CCP at the time of their first assessment which was then enlarged.

Morpho-functional evaluation of torpedo maculopathy with optical coherence tomography angiography and microperimetry.

Purpose: To report the case of a 13-year-old girl with torpedo maculopathy, evaluated with multimodal morpho-functional retinal imaging, including fundus photography, infra-red and blue fundus autofluorescence, swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT), en face OCT, OCT angiography and microperimetry (MP).

Observations: On fundus examination, a torpedo-like hypopigmented lesion was observed temporal to the fovea in the left eye. OCT showed disruption of outer retinal layers and the presence of a subretinal cleft.

Nomogram for predicting radiation maculopathy in patients treated with Ruthenium-106 plaque brachytherapy for uveal melanoma.

Purpose: To develop a predictive model and nomogram for maculopathy occurrence at 3 years after Ru/Rh plaque brachytherapy in uveal melanoma.

Material And Methods: Clinical records of patients affected by choroidal melanoma and treated with Ru/Rh plaque from December 2006 to December 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. Inclusion criteria were: dome-shaped melanoma, distance to the fovea > 1.

Photodynamic Therapy in Ocular Oncology.

Although introduced for the treatment of maculopathies, photodynamic therapy (PDT) is now largely used in some eye cancers treatment. The selective tissue damage with PDT is achieved by sequestration of the photosensitizer in the target tissue and focal activation of the photosensitizer by low energy directed light. In this way, it is possible to achieve the destruction of the tumor tissue by safeguarding the surrounding healthy structures.