Multivariate Modelling Based on Isotopic, Elemental, and Fatty Acid Profiles to Distinguish the Backyard and Barn Eggs.

The ability to trace the origin of eggs from backyard-raised hens is important due to their higher market value compared to barn-raised eggs. This study aimed to differentiate eggs from these two rearing systems using isotopic, elemental, and fatty acid profiles of egg yolks. A total of 90 egg yolk samples were analyzed, analytical results being followed by statistical tests (Student's -test) showing significant differences in δO, several elements (Mg, K, Sc, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Ba, Pb), and fatty acids compositions (C23:0, C17:0, C18:0, C16:1n7, C18:1n9, C18:2n6, C20:1n7, C20:4n6, C20:5n3, C22:6n3), as well as in the ratios of SFA, PUFA, and UFA.

The development of honey recognition models with broad applicability based on the association of isotope and elemental content with ANNs.

Honey adulteration represents a worldwide problem, driven by the illicit economic gain that producers, traders, or merchants pursue. Among the falsification methods that can unfairly influence the price is the incorrect declaration of the botanical origin and harvesting year. Therefore, the present study aimed to test the potential given by the application of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) for developing prediction models able to assess honey botanical origin and harvesting year based on isotope and elemental fingerprints.

Nutritional Quality and Safety Assessment of Pork Meat Cuts from Romania: Fatty Acids and Elemental Profile.

In this study, the fatty acids and elemental profiles of 53 pork cut samples were determined. To offer insights into their potential health implications, we computed 18 key nutritional indices. These indices included parameters such as saturated fatty acids (SFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs), the MUFAs/SFAs ratio, PUFAs/SFAs ratio, atherogenic index (AI), thrombogenic index (TI), the hypocholesterolemic to hypercholesterolemic ratio (h/H), health-promoting index (HPI), hypocholesterolemic index (HI), unsaturation index (UI), saturation index (SI), peroxidizability index (PI), nutritional value index (NVI), hypocholesterolemic index of fatty acids (DFAs), hypercholesterolemic index of fatty acids (OFAs), and the DFAs/OFAs ratio.

Influence of Geographical Origin on Isotopic and Elemental Compositions of Pork Meat.

Pigs are a primary source of meat, accounting for over 30% of global consumption. Consumers' preferences are determined by health considerations, paying more attention to foodstuffs quality, animal welfare, place of origin, and swine feeding regime, and being willing to pay a higher price for a product from a certain geographical region. In this study, the isotopic fingerprints (δH, δO, and δC) and 29 elements of loin pork meat samples were corroborated with chemometric methods to obtain the most important variables that could classify the samples' geographical origin.

Machine Learning Approach to Comparing Fatty Acid Profiles of Common Food Products Sold on Romanian Market.

Food composition issues represent an increasing concern nowadays, in the context of diverse food commodity varieties. The contents and types of fatty acids are a constant preoccupation among consumers because of their reflections of nutrition and health problems. This study aims to find the best tool for the rapid and reliable identification of similarities and differences among several food items from a fatty acid profile perspective.

Elemental Profile in Chicken Egg Components and Associated Human Health Risk Assessment.

Egg is a food product of high nutritional quality, extensively consumed worldwide. The objectives of this study were the determination of the elemental profile in eggs (egg white, yolk, and eggshell), the estimation of the non-carcinogenic health risk associated with the presence of heavy metals in investigated egg samples, and the development of statistical models to identify the best predictors for the differentiation of egg components. The assessments were carried out in a total set of 210 samples, comprising home-produced and commercial eggs, using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.

Isotopic and Elemental Fingerprint of Edible Egg Parts-The Health Risk Assessment Based on Potentially Toxic Elements Content.

The present study investigated the isotopic and elemental profile (by IRMS and ICP-MS) of edible egg parts (29 egg whites and 29 yolks) mainly collected from Romania. In order to differentiate the egg white and yolk coming from different hen rearing systems (backyard and barn), Partial Least Square-Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) models were developed. The models' accuracies for the discrimination according to the hen growing system were 96% for egg white and 100% for egg yolk samples, respectively.

Differentiation of Transylvanian fruit distillates using supervised statistical tools based on isotopic and elemental fingerprint.

Background: The spirit drinks industry is one of the largest in the world. Fruit distillates require adequate analysis methods combined with statistical tools to build differentiation models, according to distinct criteria (geographical and botanical origin, producer's fingerprint, respectively). Over time a database of alcoholic beverage fingerprints can be generated, being very important for product safety and authenticity control.

The dataset for the chronology of the sedimentation in the Danube abyssal fan which records the major episodes of the late-Holocene Black Sea evolution.

Anoxic marine sediments at the confluence with large rivers are key archives for monitoring the anthropogenic impact in the environment and asses the carbon sink character of oxygen deprived waters. This data article describes the analysis methodology and the results of the deep-sea sediments sampled from the NW part of the Black Sea, using the C dating, stable carbon isotopes, C/N ratio, metallic traces and Pb and Cs radioactivity. For this purpose, 26 sediment samples were taken from the MN183-3 sampling point (43.

Isotopic and elemental characterization of Romanian pork meat in corroboration with advanced chemometric methods: A first exploratory study.

In this study 93 pork meat samples (tenderloin) were analyzed via isotope ratios mass spectrometry (δH, δO, δC) and inductively coupled plasma - Mass spectrometry (55 elements). The meat samples are coming from Romania and abroad. Those from Romania are originating from conventional farms and yard rearing system.

Authentication of Transylvanian Spirits Based on Isotope and Elemental Signatures in Conjunction with Statistical Methods.

The potential association between stable isotope ratios of light elements and mineral content, in conjunction with unsupervised and supervised statistical methods, for differentiation of spirits, with respect to some previously defined criteria, is reviewed in this work. Thus, based on linear discriminant analysis (LDA), it was possible to differentiate the geographical origin of distillates in a percentage of 96.2% for the initial validation, and the cross-validation step of the method returned 84.

Fuzzy Divisive Hierarchical Associative-Clustering Applied to Different Varieties of White Wines According to Their Multi-Elemental Profiles.

Wine data are usually characterized by high variability, in terms of compounds and concentration ranges. Chemometric methods can be efficiently used to extract and exploit the meaningful information contained in such data. Therefore, the fuzzy divisive hierarchical associative-clustering (FDHAC) method was efficiently applied in this study, for the classification of several varieties of Romanian white wines, using the elemental profile (concentrations of 30 elements analyzed by ICP-MS).

Applications of emerging stable isotopes and elemental markers for geographical and varietal recognition of Romanian and French honeys.

The research towards the identification of new authenticity markers is crucial to fight against fraudulent activities on honey, one of the top ten most falsified food commodities. This work proposes an association of stable isotopes and elemental content as markers for honey authentication, with respect to its floral and geographical origin. Emerging markers like isotopic signature of honey water alongside with carbon and hydrogen isotopic ratios of ethanol obtained from honey fermentation and Rare Earth Elements, were used to develop new recognition models.

Isotopic and elemental profiling alongside with chemometric methods for vegetable differentiation.

In this study, three chemometric models for vegetables growing system (field versus greenhouse), geographical origin and species attribution using stable isotope (δC, δO, δH) and elemental fingerprints of 101 samples (54 squashes and 47 radishes) commercialized on Romanian market were developed. These models were constructed and validated through linear discriminant analysis. Initial validations of 94.

Geographical origin and species differentiation of Transylvanian cheese. Comparative study of isotopic and elemental profiling vs. DNA results.

The present study proposed the cheese differentiation, according to geographical production area and with respect to species (cow, sheep) of two traditional cheese specialties, (salty and ripened), produced in Transylvania, Romania. For this purpose, the elemental profile and carbon isotopic ratios (C/C) of cheese and extracted casein were corroborated through statistic supervised techniques to get the best discrimination markers. The manganese content, along with Rare Earth Elements (REE) concentrations, proved to be very powerful predictors, for the traditional salted cheese mainly, due to the direct influence of the local salted water.

Isotopic and elemental markers for geographical origin and organically grown carrots discrimination.

This study proposes different markers associations for the discrimination of organically and conventionally grown carrots, as well as for the geographical origin differentiation. It was shown that one of the most powerful differentiation markers proved to be Mn content. Along with manganese concentrations, isotope ratios of nitrogen and a high number of Rare Earth-Elements (REEs) were able to differentiate the organically grown carrots samples in a percent of 83.

Stable isotopes determination in some Romanian wines.

This paper presents a study concerning the isotopic fingerprint ((18)O and (13)C) of some wines prepared from relevant Romanian grape varieties (e.g. Feteasca Alba (FA), Feteasca Regala (FR) and Cabernet Sauvignon (CS)) obtained in different vintage years (2002, 2003, 2004, 2007 and 2008).

Experimental plant for simultaneous production of (14)N and (15)N by (15)N/(14)N exchange in NO, NO(2)-HNO(3) system under pressure.

An experimental study on (14)N and (15)N simultaneous separation using the chemical exchange in NO, NO(2)-HNO(3) system under pressure is presented. The influence of the pressure and of the interstage 10 M HNO(3) flow rate on the separation of (14)N and (15)N was measured on a packed column with product and waste refluxers. At steady state and 1.