Extent of Tissue Washing Can Significantly Alter the Composition of Adipose-Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction Cell Preparations: Implications for Clinical Translation.

Stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cell preparations have recently attracted much interest as a form of autologous cell therapy. These heterogenous cell populations typically include some proportion of blood-derived cells (BDCs)-including both red blood cells (RBCs) and leukocytes (WBCs). The objectives of this paper were to evaluate the effects of tissue washing and hypotonic RBC lysis-separately and together-on BDC concentrations within SVF, and further to explore whether BDCs can confer detectable and modifiable effects on adipose-derived cell activity.

Premature Fusion of the Posterior Intraoccipital Synchondrosis, A Minor Suture Mimic of Lambdoid Craniosynostosis.

The posterior intraoccipital synchondrosis (PIOS) is a cartilaginous division separating the exoccipital and supraoccipital bones, allowing for flexibility of the cranial base at birth and which later ossifies in adolescence. The authors report a case of right PIOS synostosis that resembled right lambdoid synostosis, with left occipital bossing in a healthy, six-month-old female with an unremarkable birth history and no antecedent trauma. An initial referral was made from the pediatrician to oncology because of a concern over the presence and growth of a possible mass at the left occiput.

Social media impact in the Match: A survey of current trends in the United States.

Background: Applicants to integrated plastic and reconstructive surgery (PRS) residency in the United States spend exorbitant amounts of time and money throughout the interview process. Outside of first-hand experience through a visiting rotation, applicants utilize various resources in learning about a program. Today's applicants are "Millennials," the demographic cohort raised during the information age and proficient with digital technology.

The Black Locust Tree: Toxalbumin-Induced Tissue Necrosis of the Upper Extremity.

We present the case of a 48-year-old male who developed tissue necrosis and subsequent necrotizing fasciitis in his right upper extremity after sustaining a puncture injury from a large black locust tree () splinter. Blood and intraoperative wound cultures revealed  and infection. The treatment consisted of IV antibiotics, fasciotomy, and multiple debridements, which left a 30 x 5-cm defect, requiring negative pressure wound therapy with Integra Dermal Regeneration Template (Integra Lifesciences, Plainsboro Township, NJ) and, ultimately, split-thickness skin grafts.

Ganglion Cyst of the Temporomandibular Joint Mimicking Auriculotemporal Neuralgia.

Ganglion cysts within the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), although uncommon, typically present with swelling, pain, trismus, and difficulty with mastication. The authors report an unusual case of a ganglion cyst in the TMJ of a 52-year-old man who presented with chief complaints of severe headaches and dizziness that had not subsided following treatment with medication, trigger point injections, or sphenopalatine ganglion blocks. The cyst appeared as a nonenhancing, T2 hyperdensity adjacent to the left TMJ condyle on magnetic resonance imaging, supported by the presence of chronic erosion and remodeling of the anterior aspect of the left condylar head on computed tomography.

Ablation of IL-17 expression moderates experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis disease severity.

An array of cytokines influences the pathogenesis of early onset myasthenia gravis (MG) and its animal model, experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG). Patients with MG, in particular those with more severe weakness, have elevations of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-17 in the blood. We assessed the role of IL-17A in autoimmunity by inducing EAMG in mice with knockout of IL-17 and found a reduction of EAMG severity, but not a complete ablation of disease.