Cervicovaginal Gardnerella sialidase-encoding gene in persistent human papillomavirus infection.

Disturbed vaginal microbiota have a role in the persistence of high-oncogenic-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) and Gardnerella spp. is closely related with this condition. Such bacteria are the major source of cervicovaginal sialidases, important for microbiota alterations.

Factors associated with Trichomonas vaginalis infection in reproductive-aged women attending cervical screening in southeast of Brazil.

Background: Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) can be caused by viruses, bacteria, and parasites. The World Health Organization estimated more than 300 million new global cases of curable STIs among individuals of reproductive age. Infection by Trichomonas vaginalis is one of the most prevalent curable STI.

Cervicovaginal loads of spp. are increased in immunocompetent women with persistent high-risk human papillomavirus infection.

Two high-oncogenic-risk human papilomavirus (hrHPV) genotypes - HPV16 and HPV18 - cause most of the cases of cervical cancer worldwide. Bacterial vaginosis is associated with increased hrHPV persistence, although the mechanism underlying this association remains unclear. spp.

Cervicovaginal levels of human beta defensins during bacterial vaginosis.

Aims: To compare the cervicovaginal levels of human beta defensin (hBD)-1, 2 and 3 of women according to the status of Nugent-defined bacterial vaginosis (BV).

Methods: A total of 634 women of reproductive age were included in the study. Participants were equally distributed in two groups: according to the classification of vaginal smears according to Nugent criteria in normal (scores 0 to 3) and BV (scores ≥7).