Factors Affecting Readmission in Patients with Surgical Site Infection: A Graphical and Prediction Model-Based Approach.

Antimicrobial therapy is becoming less effective because of the rising microbial resistance. Surgical site infections (SSI) are one of the major complications that require modifications in the infection control policy for effective management. To develop a model for predicting the readmission rates post-SSI treatment and to identify prevalent microbial isolates and the respective trends in resistance patterns.

Association of vitamin D status and vitamin D receptor polymorphism in diabetic foot ulcer patients: A prospective observational study in a South-Indian tertiary healthcare facility.

Objective of the study was to find the association of vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms (Fokl, Taql and Apal) with vitamin D levels in diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) patients in South India. In this case-control study, plasma vitamin D levels and VDR genotype frequencies of 70 cases (DFU patients) were compared with 70 diabetic (diabetes mellitus [DM] [non-DFU]) patients and 70 apparently healthy controls (HC) from South India. Plasma vitamin D levels were measured using the ELISA technique, and genotyping of VDR polymorphisms was carried out using real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Cholecalciferol Exhibits no Antibacterial Effect on and : An in vitro Study.

Background: The pleiotropic effect of cholecalciferol (vitamin D) has gained significant momentum and has been explored widely.

Objectives: The study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial effect of cholecalciferol against and .

Methods: An study was performed for the antimicrobial effect of cholecalciferol against and .

KADAM topical warm oxygen therapy device for diabetic foot ulcer-a novel approach.

Purpose: Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a significant healthcare burden demanding prompt attention. In the past decade, newer technologies such as topical oxygen therapy have grown increasingly popular. The purpose of the study was to determine effect of KADAM-a topical warm oxygen therapy (TWOT) medical device in healing of DFU.

The association between micronutrient levels and diabetic foot ulcer: A systematic review with meta-analysis.

Background: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are a major complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). Nutrient deficiencies are among the major risk factors in DFU development and healing. In this context, we aimed to investigate the possible association between micronutrient status and risk of DFU.

Vitamin D attenuates biofilm-associated infections via immunomodulation and cathelicidin expression: a narrative review.

Introduction: Infections are becoming more difficult to treat, at least partly on account of microbes that produce biofilms. Reports suggest that decreased levels of antimicrobial peptides like cathelicidin, elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines, and biofilm formation are all associated with vitamin D deficiency, making vitamin D - deficient individuals more susceptible to infection. Infections attributable to biofilm-producing microbes can be managed by adjuvant therapy with vitamin D because of its immunomodulatory role, particularly because of the ability of vitamin D-pathway to induce the antimicrobial peptides like cathelicidin and decrease proinflammatory cytokines.

Phytotherapy in Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Promising Strategy for Effective Wound Healing.

Despite the advancement in wound care, the effective therapy of chronic diabetic ulcers continues to be a challenge. Wound healing is a highly controlled process, which involves a sequence of complex overlapping steps. This healing pathway comprises of hemostasis, inflammation, proliferative, and remodeling phases.

Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation in Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and tuberculosis (TB) have been recognized as reemerging epidemics, especially in developing countries. Among all the risk factors, diabetes causes immunosuppression, increasing the risk of active TB three times. Vitamin D has been found as a link between DM-TB co-morbidity.

Vitamin D Supplementation in Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Current Perspective.

Introduction: Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a major complication of diabetes mellitus, as it can physically and emotionally impact the person. Its management can be challenging and expensive, depending on the severity of the wound and the presence of infection.

Background: The fat-soluble molecule, vitamin D, has gained great importance ever since its pleiotropism has been recognized.

Microbial Community Distribution and Core Microbiome in Successive Wound Grades of Individuals with Diabetic Foot Ulcers.

Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a major complication of diabetes with high morbidity and mortality rates. The pathogenesis of DFUs is governed by a complex milieu of environmental and host factors. The empirical treatment is initially based on wound severity since culturing and profiling the antibiotic sensitivity of wound-associated microbes is time-consuming.

Application of Topical Oxygen Therapy in Healing Dynamics of Diabetic Foot Ulcers - A Systematic Review.

Background: Individuals with diabetes may develop diabetic foot ulcers due to diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Multiple factors influence the ulcer healing process; oxygen helps in facilitating the different stages of wound healing.

Objective: The objective of this systematic review was to analyze the different levels of evidence available in the application of topical oxygen therapy, warm oxygen therapy, or other modes of topical oxygen delivery in the healing dynamics of diabetic foot ulcers.

Corrigendum to "Role of UHRF1 in malignancy and its function as a therapeutic target for molecular docking towards the SRA domain" [Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 114 (September 2019) 105558].

Cancer pathogenesis has been attributed to the minor and major disruptions in the cell cycle, with a key role being played by several of the recently discovered epigenetic factors. Lately, UHRF1 (Ubiquitin-like with containing PHD and RING Finger domains 1), an epigenetic regulator has been shown to be evidently over expressed in numerous malignancies through an in-depth review of literature. Molecular docking studies have found that existing drugs such as propranolol, naphthazarin and thymoquinone have favourable interactions with specific domains of UHRF1.

Role of UHRF1 in malignancy and its function as a therapeutic target for molecular docking towards the SRA domain.

The figure describes the location of UHRF1 (Ubiquitin-like with containing PHD and RING Finger domains 1) gene, mRNA and protein synthesis in the tumor cell and its structural domains with a focus on the docking of Naphthazarin on the SRA domain of UHRF1, resulting in reduction of tumor size.

Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of aerobes in diabetic foot ulcers in a South-Indian tertiary care hospital.

Purpose: Diabetic foot infections (DFIs) are major public health concerns. In the view of the ever increasing burden of multidrug-resistant (MDR) organisms, improving the use of antimicrobial agents (AMAs) is a national priority. Objective of the study was to determine antimicrobial susceptibility (AMS) pattern of aerobes in DFIs.

Development and Evaluation of Patient Information Leaflet for Diabetic Foot Ulcer Patients.

Background: Patient education (PE) is as important as medical and surgical interventions in the management of diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). Patient information leaflets (PILs) are globally accepted patient counseling aids.

Objectives: This study aimed at developing PILs for DFU patients and investigating its validation.

Impact of diabetic foot ulcer on health-related quality of life: A cross-sectional study.

Studies have reported that health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is adversely affected by diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). There is a paucity of data on the effects of foot ulcers on HRQoL of diabetes patients in our population. Because South-Asians, especially Indians, have unique features related to diabetes and its complications, generalizing the data about their effect on HRQoL from any other part of the world is not a pragmatic approach.

Postoperative Pancreatic Fistula: A Surgeon's Nightmare! An Insight with a Detailed Literature Review.

Context: Postoperative fistula formation is an important complication following pancreatic resections.

Objective: A large volume of literature without uniform conclusions is available regarding various controversies about postoperative pancreatic fistulae. The term postoperative pancreatic fistula includes fistula resulting from any surgery involving pancreas, most commonly pancreaticoduodenectomy and distal pancreatectomy.

Utility of serum pancreatic enzyme levels in diagnosing blunt trauma to the pancreas: a prospective study with systematic review.

Introduction: Reliability of serum pancreatic enzyme levels in predicting pancreatic injuries has been a parameter of interest and the present recommendations on its utility are based primarily on anecdotal observations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility of serum pancreatic enzyme assessment in predicting blunt pancreatic injury with imaging and surgical correlation and compare our results with a systematic review of literature till date.

Methods: A prospective cohort study conducted over 4 years in a tertiary care referral centre with 164 consecutive patients who presented to the emergency department with a history of blunt abdominal trauma and had serum pancreatic enzyme assessment, USG and subsequent diagnostic CECT were analyzed.

Topical application/formulation of probiotics: will it be a novel treatment approach for diabetic foot ulcer?

Treatment of chronic conditions like diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is challenging due to increased susceptibility for infection and delayed wound healing. Complexity of existing therapy, adverse effects and microbial resistance emphasizes the need of an alternative approach for the management of DFU. The increasing body of evidence associated with probiotic application in diverse disease states merits its use in wound healing and infection too.

Synbiotic formulation of probiotic and lactulose combination for hepatic encephalopathy treatment: a realistic hope?

Gut-produced ammonia plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy because cirrhotic liver fails to clear toxic metabolites. Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and delayed gastrointestinal transit time in cirrhosis add to the pathogenesis. Lactulose is a mainstay in the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy.

A brief review of common oral premalignant lesions with emphasis on their management and cancer prevention.

Unlabelled: Long-term outcomes associated with oral cancer and its management over the past several decades has caused concern and the value of mass oral cancer screenings has come under scrutiny. Though not all oral carcinomas are preceded by premalignant lesions as clinically visible morphological alterations occur secondary to the cellular or molecular changes, certain high risk lesions have been identified. Their management remains controversially polarized between surgical excision to prevent malignant change and conservative medical or surveillance techniques.

Pharmacovigilance among surgeons and in surgical wards: overlooked or axiomatic?

To review the status of pharmacovigilance system among surgeons and in surgical wards with recommendations. Literature search using MEDLINE, cross-reference of published data and review of World Health Organization-Pharmacovigilance transcripts. Pharmacovigilance system is still in its infancy among surgeons and in surgical wards.