Improvement in neurological outcome and brain hemodynamics after late cranioplasty.

Background: Early cranioplasty has been encouraged after decompressive craniectomy (DC), aiming to reduce consequences of atmospheric pressure over the opened skull. However, this practice may not be often available in low-middle-income countries (LMICs). We evaluated clinical improvement, hemodynamic changes in each hemisphere, and the hemodynamic balance between hemispheres after late cranioplasty in a LMIC, as the institution's routine resources allowed.

Pathophysiology and Diagnosis of Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency: A Review of the Literature.

 Vertebrobasilar insufficiency is defined as transitory ischemia of the vertebrobasilar circulation. Dizziness, vertigo, headaches, vomit, diplopia, blindness, ataxia, imbalance, and weakness in both sides of the body are the most common symptoms.  To review the literature regarding the three available diagnostic testing in patients with dizziness complaints secondary to vertebrobasilar insufficiency (VBI): magnetic resonance angiography; transcranial Doppler ultrasound; and vertebrobasilar deprivation testing.

Improved hemodynamic parameters in middle cerebral artery infarction after decompressive craniectomy.

Background And Purpose: Decompressive craniectomy (DC) reduces mortality and improves functional outcome in patients with malignant middle cerebral artery infarction. However, little is known regarding the impact of DC on cerebral hemodynamics. Therefore, our goal was to study the hemodynamic changes that may occur in patients with malignant middle cerebral artery infarction after DC and to assess their relationship with outcomes.

Alexander disease: a novel mutation in the glial fibrillary acidic protein gene with initial uncommon clinical and magnetic resonance imaging findings.

Alexander disease (AxD) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder related to mutations in the glial fibrillary acidic protein gene. We report the case of a child with disease onset at the age of 3 months and a novel mutation in the glial fibrillary acidic protein gene. Peculiar aspects were initially atypical clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, which became typical during follow-up.

Decompressive craniectomy and cerebral blood flow regulation in head injured patients: a case studied by perfusion CT.

Previous studies have reported increased cerebral blood flow (CBF) velocity after decompressive craniectomy in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. A 27-year-old man presented with clinical and tomographic signs of cerebral herniation secondary to TBI. Prior to decompressive craniectomy, hemodynamic study by perfusion computed tomography (CT) indicated diffuse cerebral hyperperfusion.