Fecal microbiota transplantation and its repercussions in patients with melanoma refractory to anti-PD-1 therapy: scope review.

Introduction: despite being extremely effective in some cases, up to 70% of patients with melanoma do not respond to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 (primary resistance) and many of the responders eventually progress (secondary resistance). Extensive efforts are being made to overcome this resistance through new strategies, especially aimed at modulating the intestinal microbiota.

Objective: to assess whether fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), associated with immunotherapy, is beneficial in the clinical course of patients with refractory melanoma.