Anthropogenic forcing has increased the risk of longer-traveling and slower-moving large contiguous heatwaves.

Heatwaves are consecutive hot days with devastating impacts on human health and the environment. These events may evolve across both space and time, characterizing a spatiotemporally contiguous propagation pattern that has not been fully understood. Here, we track the spatiotemporally contiguous heatwaves in both reanalysis datasets and model simulations and examine their moving patterns (i.

What is the prevalence of orthostatic hypotension in an Australasian emergency department population?

Objective: Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is associated with increased morbidity and there is limited research on the prevalence in the Australian ED population. The aim was to determine the prevalence of OH in an Australian ED population. Secondary outcomes included any associations of OH with symptoms, presenting complaints, patient demographics, or hospital admission, and the timing of OH findings.

Droperidol versus ondansetron for nausea treatment within the emergency department.

Objective: A randomised single-blind trial was undertaken in an adult ED population, comparing the effectiveness of droperidol 2.5 mg IV with ondansetron 8 mg IV for the treatment of nausea and vomiting.

Methods: Patients were randomly allocated to receive droperidol (n = 60) or ondansetron (n = 60).

Catheter-directed thrombolysis for lower limb ischaemia: A retrospective study of treatment outcomes.

Introduction: Lower limb ischaemia secondary to occlusion of a lower limb artery is a limb-threatening condition that can be effectively treated by catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT). The purpose of this study was to examine treatment outcomes of CDT both at the time of treatment and ongoing patency up to 12 months following treatment. The secondary aim of the study was to investigate the influence of age of occlusion and treatment duration on success and complication rates.

Inflammatory and oxidative stress responses of healthy elders to solar-assisted large-scale cleaning system (SALSCS) and changes in ambient air pollution: A quasi-interventional study in Xi'an, China.

An outdoor solar assisted large-scale cleaning system (SALSCS) was constructed to mitigate the levels of fine particulate matter (PM) in urban areas of Xi'an China, providing a quasi-experimental opportunity to examine the biologic responses to the changes in pollution level. We conducted this outdoor SALSCS based real-world quasi-interventional study to examine the associations of the SALSCS intervention and changes in air pollution levels with the biomarkers of systemic inflammation and oxidative stress in healthy elders. We measured the levels of 8-hydrox-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), Interlukin-6 (IL-6), as well as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) from urine samples, and IL-6 from saliva samples of 123 healthy retired participants from interventional/control residential areas in two sampling campaigns.

Establishing a Platform for Interest and Education in Interventional Radiology Amongst Radiology Trainees.

Purpose: Over recent times, procedural Radiologists have begun to establish themselves as the distinct subspecialty of Interventional Radiology (IR). The Interventional Radiology Society of Australasia (IRSA) was established in 1982 to share collaborative ideas, encourage research, and promote education. IRSA developed a weekend registrar workshop attended by Radiology Registrars from Australia and New Zealand.

Determinants of personal exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) in adult subjects in Hong Kong.

Personal monitoring for fine particulate matter (PM) was conducted for adults (48 subjects, 18-63years of age) in Hong Kong during the summer and winter of 2014-2015. All filters were analyzed for PM mass and constituents (including carbonaceous aerosols, water-soluble ions, and elements). We found that season (p=0.

Nonequilibrium study of the intrinsic free-energy profile across a liquid-vapour interface.

We calculate an atomistically detailed free-energy profile across a heterogeneous system using a nonequilibrium approach. The path-integral formulation of Crooks fluctuation theorem is used in conjunction with the intrinsic sampling method to calculate the free-energy profile for the liquid-vapour interface of the Lennard-Jones fluid. Free-energy barriers are found corresponding to the atomic layering in the liquid phase as well as a barrier associated with the presence of an adsorbed layer as revealed by the intrinsic density profile.

Water droplet excess free energy determined by cluster mitosis using guided molecular dynamics.

Atmospheric aerosols play a vital role in affecting climate by influencing the properties and lifetimes of clouds and precipitation. Understanding the underlying microscopic mechanisms involved in the nucleation of aerosol droplets from the vapour phase is therefore of great interest. One key thermodynamic quantity in nucleation is the excess free energy of cluster formation relative to that of the saturated vapour.

Surface thermodynamics of planar, cylindrical, and spherical vapour-liquid interfaces of water.

The test-area (TA) perturbation approach has been gaining popularity as a methodology for the direct computation of the interfacial tension in molecular simulation. Though originally implemented for planar interfaces, the TA approach has also been used to analyze the interfacial properties of curved liquid interfaces. Here, we provide an interpretation of the TA method taking the view that it corresponds to the change in free energy under a transformation of the spatial metric for an affine distortion.

Prospective randomized comparative evaluation of proximal valve polyurethane and distal valve silicone peripherally inserted central catheters.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the relative durability and complications between the proximal valve polyurethane and distal valve silicone peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs).

Methods: Institutional review board approval was obtained. A total of 326 patients (mean age, 50.

Rupture of aortic pseudoaneursym arising from a transverse aortotomy line 12 years following mechanical aortic valve replacement.

Pseudoaneurysm formation at the site of aortotomy is a rare complication following aortic valve replacement; it appears to be more common in those whose valve is replaced for endocarditis or in those who develop an early postoperative endocarditis or sepsis. We discuss the case of a 77-year-old male, who presented 12 years following mechanical aortic valve replacement, with rupture of an ascending aortic pseudoaneurysm arising from a transverse aortotomy line. 

In vivo and in vitro morphometry of the human trachea.

Most morphometric studies of the human trachea have relied on plain radiographs with their attendant limitations. Reports using computed tomography (CT) have focused on the growing trachea or one particular dimension. The aim of this study was to document the morphometry of the adult trachea in vivo using high-resolution chest CT scans, supplemented by data from cadavers.