- Approximately 23 million U.S. households use private wells for drinking water, but many do not test their water as often as recommended, risking exposure to pollution.
- A study in Iowa found that 40% of households do not regularly test or treat their well water, indicating potential widespread contamination issues.
- An intervention using nitrate test strips and information about free testing programs increased testing rates but had limited impact on other behaviors; households valued the program higher than its costs, suggesting it improved overall welfare.