"They're not feeling the love they need to feel": HIV stigma and other intersecting stigmas among Black gay and bisexual men and transgender women in House and Ball Communities.

Introduction: Stigma negatively influences engagement in HIV prevention and care. This study explores how young Black gay and bisexual men and transgender women (GBT) in the House and Ball Community (HBC) experience HIV and other intersecting stigmas.

Method: We conducted phenomenological analysis of interviews with 60 young Black GBT HBC members and 30 older leaders of the HBC.

Comparative and phylogenetic analyses of plastid genomes of the medicinally important genus (Alismataceae).

L. is a medicinally important genus of aquatic and wetland plants consisting of c. 10 recognized species.

Differences in tissue-level properties as assessed by nano-scratching in patients with and without atypical femur fractures on long-term bisphosphonate therapy: a proof-of-concept pilot study.

Atypical femur fractures (AFFs) are a well-established complication of long-term bisphosphonate (BP) therapy, but their pathogenesis is not fully understood. Although many patients on long-term BP therapy have severe suppression of bone turnover (SSBT), not all such patients experience AFF, even though SSBT is a major contributor to AFF. Accordingly, we evaluated tissue level properties using nano-scratch testing of trans-iliac bone biopsy specimens in 12 women (6 with and 6 without AFF matched for age and race).

Complex but Clear Allopolyploid Pattern of Subtribe Tussilagininae (Asteraceae: Senecioneae) Revealed by Robust Phylogenomic Evidence, with Development of a Novel Homeolog-Sorting Pipeline.

Polyploidy is a significant mechanism in eukaryotic evolution and is particularly prevalent in the plant kingdom. However, our knowledge about this phenomenon and its effects on evolution remains limited. A major obstacle to the study of polyploidy is the great difficulty in untangling the origins of allopolyploids.

Versatile DNA extraction from diverse plant taxa using ionic liquids and magnetic ionic liquids: a methodological breakthrough for enhanced sample utility.

Background: There is a growing demand for fast and reliable plant biomolecular analyses. DNA extraction is the major bottleneck in plant nucleic acid-based applications especially due to the complexity of tissues in different plant species. Conventional methods for plant cell lysis and DNA extraction typically require extensive sample preparation processes and large quantities of sample and chemicals, elevated temperatures, and multiple sample transfer steps which pose challenges for high throughput applications.

Phylogenomic analyses using a new 1013-gene Vitaceae bait-set support major groups of North American Vitis.

A set of newly designed Vitaceae baits targeting 1013 genes was employed to explore phylogenetic relationships among North American Vitis. Eurasian Vitis taxa including Vitis vinifera were found to be nested within North American Vitis subgenus Vitis. North American Vitis subgenus Vitis can be placed into nine main groups: the Monticola group, the Occidentales group, the Californica group, the Vinifera group (introduced from Eurasia), the Mustangensis group, the Palmata group, the Aestivalis group, the Labrusca group, and the Cinerea group.

Ethanol preservation and pretreatments facilitate quality DNA extractions in recalcitrant plant species.

Premise: The preservation of plant tissues in ethanol is conventionally viewed as problematic. Here, we show that leaf preservation in ethanol combined with proteinase digestion can provide high-quality DNA extracts. Additionally, as a pretreatment, ethanol can facilitate DNA extraction for recalcitrant samples.

Identifying Measures of Suboptimal Healthcare Interaction (SOHI) to Develop a Claims-Based Model for Predicting Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease at Risk for SOHI.

Background: Understanding the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) who are likely to experience poor disease outcomes may allow early interventions that can improve health outcomes.

Objectives: To describe demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) with the presence of at least one Suboptimal Healthcare Interaction (SOHI) event, which can inform the development of a model to predict SOHI in members with IBD based on insurance claims, with the goal of offering these patients some additional intervention.

Methods: We identified commercially insured individuals with IBD between 01 January 2019 and 31 December 2019 using Optum Labs' administrative claims database.

Climate-influenced boreotropical survival and rampant introgressions explain the thriving of New World grapes in the north temperate zone.

The north temperate region was characterized by a warm climate and a rich thermophilic flora before the Eocene, but early diversifications of the temperate biome under global climate change and biome shift remain uncertain. Moreover, it is becoming clear that hybridization/introgression is an important driving force of speciation in plant diversity. Here, we applied analyses from biogeography and phylogenetic networks to account for both introgression and incomplete lineage sorting based on genomic data from the New World Vitis, a charismatic component of the temperate North American flora with known and suspected gene flow among species.

Isolation of DNA from plant tissues using a miniaturized matrix solid-phase dispersion approach featuring ionic liquid and magnetic ionic liquid solvents.

The isolation of high-quality plant genomic DNA is a major prerequisite in many plant biomolecular analyses involving nucleic acid amplification. Conventional plant cell lysis and DNA extraction methods involve lengthy sample preparation procedures that often require large amounts of sample and chemicals, high temperatures and multiple liquid transfer steps which can introduce challenges for high throughput applications. In this study, a simple, rapid, miniaturized ionic liquid (IL)-based extraction method was developed for the isolation of genomic DNA from milligram fragments of Arabidopsis thaliana plant tissue.

Using hierarchical unsupervised learning to integrate and reduce multi-level and multi-paraspinal muscle MRI data in relation to low back pain.

Purpose: The paraspinal muscles (PSM) are a key feature potentially related to low back pain (LBP), and their structure and composition can be quantified using MRI. Most commonly, quantifying PSM measures across individual muscles and individual spinal levels renders numerous separate metrics that are analyzed in isolation. However, comprehensive multivariate approaches would be more appropriate for analyzing the PSM within an individual.

Simple and efficient isolation of plant genomic DNA using magnetic ionic liquids.

Background: Plant DNA isolation and purification is a time-consuming and laborious process relative to epithelial and viral DNA sample preparation due to the cell wall. The lysis of plant cells to free intracellular DNA normally requires high temperatures, chemical surfactants, and mechanical separation of plant tissue prior to a DNA purification step. Traditional DNA purification methods also do not aid themselves towards fieldwork due to the numerous chemical and bulky equipment requirements.

It's a Kiki!: Developmental benefits of the Kiki scene for Black gay/bisexual/transgender adolescents/emerging adults.

Younger members of the House and Ball Community (HBC) have created an emerging social scene called "Kiki" that has shared elements with the HBC. Given the growing popularity of the Kiki scene in urban communities with large numbers of Black gay, bisexual, and transgender (GBT) adolescents and emerging adults, it is important to understand the developmental benefits of the Kiki scene. We conducted individual in-depth interviews with 30 GBT adolescents and emerging adults (ages 15-24) who attended Kiki-related events and 15 older opinion leaders affiliated with the HBC.

Biomechanical changes in the lumbar spine following spaceflight and factors associated with postspaceflight disc herniation.

Background Context: For chronic low back pain, the causal mechanisms between pathological features from imaging and patient symptoms are unclear. For instance, disc herniations can often be present without symptoms. There remains a need for improved knowledge of the pathophysiological mechanisms that explore spinal tissue damage and clinical manifestations of pain and disability.

Development and phylogenetic utilities of a new set of single-/low-copy nuclear genes in Senecioneae (Asteraceae), with new insights into the tribal position and the relationships within subtribe Tussilagininae.

The tribe Senecioneae is one of the largest tribes in Asteraceae, with a nearly cosmopolitan distribution. Despite great efforts devoted to elucidate the evolution of Senecioneae, many questions still remain concerning the systematics of this group, from the tribal circumscription and position to species relationships in many genera. The hybridization-based target enrichment method of next-generation sequencing has been accepted as a promising approach to resolve phylogenetic problems.

Mental Health Challenges and Needs among Sexual and Gender Minority People in Western Kenya.

: Sexual and gender minority (SGM) people in Kenya face pervasive socio-cultural and structural discrimination. Persistent stress stemming from anti-SGM stigma and prejudice may place SGM individuals at increased risk for negative mental health outcomes. This study explored experiences with violence (intimate partner violence and SGM-based violence), mental health outcomes (psychological distress, PTSD symptoms, and depressive symptoms), alcohol and other substance use, and prioritization of community needs among SGM adults in Western Kenya.

Lorence & W.L.Wagner (Lamiaceae), a new species from Guam, Mariana Islands.

While undertaking a botanical survey of the Andersen Air Force Base on Guam (Mariana Islands) in 1994, botanists from the National Tropical Botanical Garden collected an unusual suffrutescent, non-aromatic member of the Lamiaceae family growing on limestone cliffs in the northeastern part of the island. Based on morphology and molecular data (, ), it was determined to belong to the genus Desf., a genus previously unknown from the Micronesian, Melanesian, and Polynesian region.

Nuclear and Chloroplast Sequences Resolve the Enigmatic Origin of the Concord Grape.

Despite the commercial importance of the Concord grape, its origin has remained unresolved for over 150 years without a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis. In this study we aimed to reconstruct the evolutionary history of the Concord grape using sequence data from four nuclear markers (, , , and ), six plastid markers (, , , , , and ), and the plastid genome. We sampled extensively the species native to northeastern North America as well as representative species from Europe and Asia, including the commercially important (wine grape), a native European species with hermaphroditic flowers, and its wild progenitor, .

A locked immunometabolic switch underlies TREM2 R47H loss of function in human iPSC-derived microglia.

Loss-of-function genetic variants of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) are linked with an enhanced risk of developing dementias. Microglia, the resident immune cell of the brain, express TREM2, and microglial responses are implicated in dementia pathways. In a normal surveillance state, microglia use oxidative phosphorylation for their energy supply, but rely on the ability to undergo a metabolic switch to glycolysis to allow them to perform rapid plastic responses.

High throughput DNA extraction of legume root nodules for rhizobial metagenomics.

A novel combination of tissue homogenization, cell lysis, and DNA purification techniques was developed for isolating total DNA from whole legume root nodules on an automated robotic system. Silica dehydrated root nodules from soy bean, Glycine max cv. Tara, and mung bean, Vigna radiata cv.

Transcriptome analysis of the curry tree (Bergera koenigii L., Rutaceae) during leaf development.

The curry tree (Bergera koenigii L.) is a widely cultivated plant used in South Asian cooking. Next-generation sequencing was used to generate the transcriptome of the curry leaf to detect changes in gene expression during leaf development, such as those genes involved in the production of oils which lend the leaf its characteristic taste, aroma, and medicinal properties.

Low-copy nuclear markers in (Isoëtaceae) identified with transcriptomes.

Premise Of The Study: Few genetic markers provide phylogenetic information in closely related species of (Isoëtaceae). We describe the development of primers for several putative low-copy nuclear markers to resolve the phylogeny of , particularly in the southeastern United States.

Methods And Results: We identified regions of interest in transcriptomes based on low-copy genes in other plants.

miRNAome expression profiles in the gonads of adult .

The budgerigar () is one of the most widely studied parrot species, serving as an excellent animal model for behavior and neuroscience research. Until recently, it was unknown how sexual differences in the behavior, physiology, and development of organisms are regulated by differential gene expression. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous short non-coding RNA molecules that can post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression and play a critical role in gonadal differentiation as well as early development of animals.

Reproductive biology and variation of nuclear ribosomal ITS and ETS sequences in the complex (Polygonaceae).

To explore the biosystematics of the complex (Polygonaceae), the flowering phenological period, breeding and pollination characters and seed set of the complex ( Turze, A. Los., A.