An Atypical Case of Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis Presenting as Hypovolemic Shock.

Eosinophilic gastroenteritis is an uncommon condition characterized by focal or diffuse infiltration of eosinophils in the gastrointestinal tract in the absence of secondary causes. The pathogenesis of this condition is not well understood and its clinical presentation depends on the segment and layer of the gastrointestinal tract affected. The definition of eosinophilic gastroenteritis may be difficult, as the normal ranges of eosinophil numbers in normal and abnormal gastric and intestinal mucosa are not standardized.

Familial achalasia in children.

Achalasia is rare in the pediatric age group and in most cases it is idiopathic with no family history. Familial achalasia is very rare. This report describes two families with achalasia: in one, six children were affected while in the other a brother and a sister had Allgrove's syndrome (triple-A syndrome consisting of achalasia, adrenal insufficiency, and alacrima).

Colonic adenocarcinoma as a secondary malignancy after treatment of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma.

Background: Survivors of childhood malignancies are known to be at an increased risk for developing a variety of secondary cancers. Primary adenocarcinoma of the colon is very rare in children and adenocarcinoma of the colon occurring as a secondary malignancy in children is much rarer.

Methods: A boy with a history of successfully treated embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma developed adenocarcinoma of the colon as a secondary cancer.

[Etiologic factors in urinary tract infection investigated in ambulatory setting. Community-acquired urinary tract infection: etiologic aspects and antibiotic resistance].

Urine bacteriological examination is one of the most frequently asked for examinations, in ambulatory as well as in hospitals, regarding specialty prophyle. The present study comprises a group of 3971 pacients that were sent to the laboratory for uroculture and showed a percentage of only 21.85% significant urocultures--the etiological groups most frequently isolated being Gram-negative bacilli--96.

Insulin resistance, hepatic lipid and adipose tissue distribution in HIV-infected men.

Background: A large proportion of HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral medication develop insulin resistance, especially in the context of fat redistribution. This study investigates the interrelationships among fat distribution, hepatic lipid content, and insulin resistance in HIV-infected men.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from 23 HIV-infected participants in three prospective clinical studies.

Churg-Strauss syndrome presenting as an abdominal mass in a non-asthmatic child.

A 2-year-old boy presented with an abdominal mass and was diagnosed as Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS). There was no history of asthma. He developed fatal gastro-intestinal disease, despite treatment with corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide.

Hepatocellular carcinoma and liver tumors in South African children: a case for increased prevalence.

Background: The high regional incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in South Africa also may be present in children of the region, although the link to hepatitis B (HBV) appears less clear. The objective of this study was to assess the incidence and probable causes of HCC in South African children.

Methods: Data were obtained from seven participating pediatric oncology units and from the tumor registry to review hepatic tumors in children in South Africa.

Validation of an elliptical anthropometric model to estimate visceral compartment area.

Objective: The visceral compartment is a surrogate for visceral adipose tissue. Cross-sectional visceral compartment area (VCA) has been approximated from waist circumference using a circular model. However, the two-dimensional shape of the abdomen is rarely circular.

Increased systemic and adipose tissue cytokines in patients with HIV-associated lipodystrophy.

The lipodystrophy syndrome (adipose tissue redistribution and metabolic abnormalities) observed with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) during human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection may be related to increased proinflammatory cytokine activity. We measured acute cytokine (TNF-alpha, IL-6, leptin), glycerol, and lactate secretion from abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and systemic cytokine levels, in HIV-infected subjects with and without lipodystrophy (HIVL+ and HIVL-, respectively) and healthy non-HIV controls. Lipodystrophy was confirmed and characterized as adipose tissue redistribution in HIVL+ compared with HIVL- and controls, by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and by whole body MRI.

Studies of adipose tissue metabolism in human immunodeficiency virus-associated lipodystrophy.

We studied aspects of metabolism in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) in 40 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected subjects with and without lipodystrophy and in healthy control subjects. HIV-infected subjects without lipodystrophy had less SAT and visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Glycerol release was higher in both HIV-infected groups, especially those without fat redistribution.