Pediatric Morbidity Among Black Haitians in Canada: A Longitudinal Cohort Study.

Background: In the U.S., Black children have disproportionately elevated rates of pediatric morbidity compared with White children, but data are lacking for other countries.

Preterm birth and risk of hospitalisation for complex chronic conditions during childhood and adolescence.

Aim: To examine the relationship between preterm birth and hospitalisation for paediatric complex chronic conditions.

Methods: We conducted a cohort study of 1 269 745 children born between 2006 and 2022 in Quebec, Canada. We classified preterm birth as extreme (<28 weeks), very (28-31 weeks), and moderate (32-36 weeks).

Risk of Adverse Neonatal Events in Pregnancies Complicated by Severe Maternal Morbidity.

Objective: To investigate the risk of adverse neonatal events after a pregnancy complicated by severe maternal morbidity.

Study Design: We analyzed a population-based cohort of deliveries in Quebec, Canada, between 2006 and 2021. The main exposure measure was severe maternal morbidity, comprising life-threatening conditions such as severe hemorrhage, cardiac complications, and eclampsia.

Effect of music-based interventions on physiologic stability of hospitalized preterm infants. A pilot study.

Background And Objective: Hospitalized preterm infants experience reduced meaningful auditory exposures during a critical period of brain development. Music-based interventions (MBI) may be beneficial, though it remains unclear which stimuli optimally enhance infant stabilization. We investigated the relationship between three conceptually-different MBIs and short-term responses in hospitalized preterm infants.

White Matter Injury on Early-versus-Term-Equivalent Age Brain MRI in Infants Born Preterm.

Background And Purpose: White matter injury in infants born preterm is associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes, depending on the extent and location. White matter injury can be visualized with MR imaging in the initial weeks following preterm birth but is more commonly defined at term-equivalent-age MR imaging. Our aim was to see how white matter injury detection in MR imaging compares between the 2 time points.

A unit's experience with hybrid NICU design: description of care model and implications for patients, families, and professionals.

As the first extra-uterine setting for hospitalized infants, the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) environment can make a lasting impact on their long-term neurodevelopment. This impact is likely mediated through both specific characteristics of the physical design of the care environment, as well as the experiences that occur within this environment. Recent studies document many established benefits of single-family rooms (SFRs).

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in 1.2 million children: longitudinal cohort study of risk factors.

Background: We identified patient characteristics associated with an increased risk of developing MIS-C.

Methods: We conducted a longitudinal cohort study of 1,195,327 patients aged 0-19 years between 2006 and 2021, including the first two waves of the pandemic (February 25-August 22, 2020 and August 23, 2020-March 31, 2021). Exposures included prepandemic morbidity, birth outcomes, and family history of maternal disorders.

Associations between neurological examination at term-equivalent age and cerebral hemodynamics and oxygen metabolism in infants born preterm.

Background: Infants born at 29-36 weeks gestational age (GA) are at risk of experiencing neurodevelopmental challenges. We hypothesize that cerebral hemodynamics and oxygen metabolism measured by bedside optical brain monitoring are potential biomarkers of brain development and are associated with neurological examination at term-equivalent age (TEA).

Methods: Preterm infants ( = 133) born 29-36 weeks GA and admitted in the neonatal intensive care unit were enrolled in this prospective cohort study.

Longitudinal risk of maternal hospitalization for mental illness following preterm birth.

Background: Preterm birth may affect maternal mental health, yet most studies focus on postpartum mental disorders only. We explored the relationship between preterm delivery and the long-term risk of maternal hospitalization for mental illness after pregnancy.

Methods: We performed a longitudinal cohort study of 1,381,300 women who delivered between 1989 and 2021 in Quebec, Canada, and had no prior history of mental illness.

Association of Maternal and Neonatal Birth Outcomes With Subsequent Pediatric Transplants.

Background: We identified maternal and neonatal birth characteristics that were associated with organ or tissue transplants during childhood.

Methods: We designed a retrospective cohort study of the population of children born between 2006 and 2019 in Quebec, Canada. The exposure included birth complications such as congenital anomaly, neonatal blood transfusion, and oligohydramnios.

Varying Impact of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus on Incidence of Childhood Cancers: An Age-Stratified Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: We studied the association between gestational diabetes mellitus and early versus late childhood cancer.

Research Design And Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 1 million children born between 2006 and 2019 in Quebec, Canada. We identified children who were exposed to gestational diabetes mellitus in utero and followed them from birth up to 14 years of age to identify new-onset cancers.

Congenital Heart Disease and Neurodevelopment: Clinical Manifestations, Genetics, Mechanisms, and Implications.

Children with congenital heart disease (CHD) are at increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) and psychiatric conditions. These include cognitive, adaptive, motor, speech, behavioural, and executive functioning deficits, as well as autism spectrum disorder and psychiatric conditions. Structural and functional neuroimaging have demonstrated brain abnormalities in young children with CHD before undergoing surgical repair, likely as a result of an in utero developmental insult.

Apgar Scores Are Associated with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptom Severity.

Objective: Adverse events during pregnancy and delivery have been linked to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Previous studies have investigated Apgar scores, which assess the physical condition of newborns, in relation to the risk of developing ADHD. We propose to go one step further and examine if Apgar scores are associated with ADHD symptom severity in children already diagnosed with ADHD.