Results of the endovascular treatment system for occluded native arteriovenous fistula.

Background: Arteriovenous fistula is the definitive vascular access for patients on long-term haemodialysis. The aim of this study is to present the techniques and results of the Endovascular Treatment System that we have developed for managing the occluded native arteriovenous fistula.

Methods: The current study is a retrospective chart review on all patients who presented with an occluded native arteriovenous fistula and underwent attempted recanalization between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2014.

Multicentre, randomised, blinded, control trial of drug-eluting balloon vs Sham in recurrent native dialysis fistula stenoses.

Background: Endovascular treatment of autogenous arteriovenous haemodialysis fistula stenosis has high reintervention rates. We investigate the effect of drug-eluting balloons in the treatment of recurrent haemodialysis fistula stenosis.

Methods: This is a randomised, controlled, investigator-initiated and run, prospective, blinded, multicentre trial.

Human classical monocytes display unbalanced M1/M2 phenotype with increased atherosclerotic risk and presence of disease.

Background: Specific monocyte and macrophage subsets have been implicated in atherosclerosis, with intermediate monocytes proportionally elevated in cardiovascular disease and M1 macrophages abundant in unstable atherosclerotic plaques. While several studies have shown altered proportions of these subsets in atherosclerosis, studies examining functional and phenotypic subset alterations remain scarce.

Methods: We used whole blood flow cytometry to investigate the expression of M1 (CD86) and M2 (CD163) markers on monocyte subsets of atherosclerotic patients and controls.