Get Protected! Recommendations for Staff in IR.

Purpose: Evaluation and registration of patient and staff doses are mandatory under the current European legislation, and the occupational dose limits recommended by the ICRP have been adopted by most of the countries in the world.

Methods: Relevant documents and guidelines published by international organisations and interventional radiology societies are referred. Any potential reduction of patient and staff doses should be compatible with the clinical outcomes of the procedures.

Radiation Dose of Patients in Fluoroscopically Guided Interventions: an Update.

The benefits of fluoroscopically guided interventional procedures are significant and have established new standards in the clinical management of many diseases. Despite the benefits, it is known that they come with known risks, such as the exposure to ionizing radiation. To minimize such risks, it is crucial that the health professionals involved in the procedures have a common understanding of the concepts related to radiation protection, such as dose descriptors, diagnostic reference levels and typical dose values.

Unintended and Accidental Exposures, Significant Dose Events and Trigger Levels in Interventional Radiology.

Over recent years, an increasing number of fluoroscopically guided interventions (FGIs) have been performed by radiologists and non-radiologists. Also, the number of complex interventional procedures has increased. In the late nineties, first reports of skin injuries appeared in the literature.

Bladder wall and surrounding tissue necrosis following bilateral superselective embolization of internal iliac artery branches due to uncontrollable haematuria related to bladder tumor: case report.

Background: Case of urinary bladder wall and surrounding tissue necrosis following bilateral superselective embolization of internal iliac artery branches due to unmanageable haematuria associated with aggressive bladder tumor.

Case: We achieved the bleeding control, but patient demonstrated severe postembolization syndrome at follow-up (low abdominal pain, arterial hypertension, hyperthermia). Severe bladder tissue and surrounding neoplastic tissue necrosis developed several days after procedure.

Should We Keep the Lead in the Aprons?

Medical staff should not be exposed to the primary X-ray beam during fluoroscopy-guided interventional procedures (FGIP). The main source of staff exposure is scatter radiation from the patient, which can be significant. Although many aspects of X-ray exposure to the patient as well as occupational exposure to interventional radiologists and other staff are strongly regulated and monitored in most countries, it is surprising how loosely the labeling and testing of the protective aprons is regulated.

The incidence of life threatening iatrogenic vessel injury following closed or open reduction and internal fixation of intertrochanteric femoral factures.

Aim Of The Study: Bleeding due to a vascular injury is a possible life-threatening complication of intertrochanteric femoral fracture internal fixation. Our goals were to find the current incidence of these events, and to describe the reasons, the presentation, and the treatment options.

Method: We conducted a retrospective record review of 1,469 patients who were operated upon at our institution due to AO31A femoral fractures from 2011 through 2015 and were treated with closed reduction and internal fixation.

Radiation-Induced Skin Injuries to Patients: What the Interventional Radiologist Needs to Know.

For a long time, radiation-induced skin injuries were only encountered in patients undergoing radiation therapy. In diagnostic radiology, radiation exposures of patients causing skin injuries were extremely rare. The introduction of fast multislice CT scanners and fluoroscopically guided interventions (FGI) changed the situation.

Call for Implementing a Radiation Protection Culture in Fluoroscopically Guided Interventional Procedures.

Objective: The purpose of this article is to discuss the first prospective study published to date that followed a large cohort of radiologic technologists; the authors examined the risks of cancer incidence and mortality in U.S. radiologic technologists (radiographers) assisting in fluoroscopically guided interventional procedures.

Effective dose reduction in spine radiographic imaging by choosing the less radiation-sensitive side of the body.

Background Context: X-ray absorption is highest in the organs and tissues located closest to the radiation source. The photon flux that crosses the body decreases from the entry surface toward the image receptor. The internal organs absorb x-rays and shield each other during irradiation.

Management of patient and staff radiation dose in interventional radiology: current concepts.

The increasing complexity and numbers of interventional fluoroscopy procedures have led to increasing patient doses of radiation and to increasing concern over staff doses. Hybrid rooms incorporate multiple imaging modalities and are used by multidisciplinary teams in interventional fluoroscopy suites and operating theaters. These rooms present additional radiation protection challenges.

Radiofrequency treatment has a beneficial role in reducing low back pain due to facet syndrome in octogenarians or older.

Introduction: Chronic low back pain is a disabling phenomenon that can cause a severe reduction in quality of life, especially in elderly patients. Surgical treatment is sometimes a big challenge for these elderly patients. Radiofrequency (RF) ablation is an increasingly popular method for treating low back pain caused by facet syndrome.

Ipsilateral opposite-side aspiration in resistant pneumothorax after CT image guided lung biopsy: complementary role after simple needle aspiration.

Background: The goal of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of ipsilateral opposite-side aspiration, a new method to overcome resistant pneumothorax after failure of a simple aspiration. The patient position is reversed (from prone to supine or vice versa) and the aspiration repeated.

Methods: Between January 1, 2010, and April 3, 2012, 129 consecutive, CT image-guided, percutaneous needle biopsies of lung nodules were performed in 127 patients (75 men, 52 women; mean age, 67.

Effective dose and breast dose reduction in paediatric scoliosis X-ray radiography by an optimal positioning.

The purpose of this article is to recommend positioning to reduce the effective and breast-absorbed-doses in paediatric scoliosis radiography. Effective and breast-absorbed-doses were evaluated using Monte Carlo simulations. Head directed towards the anode (HTA) positioning rather than head directed towards the cathode (HTC) reduces the effective dose to 98 % in anterior posterior (AP), 98 % in left lateral (L LAT) and 96 % in right lateral (R LAT) projections.