Follicular cell-derived thyroid carcinomas harboring novel genetic mutations: real-world data obtained using a multigene panel.

Objectives: To assess the molecular profile of follicular cell-derived thyroid carcinomas (FCDTCs) and correlate the identified mutations with the clinical and pathological features of the affected patients.

Materials And Methods: Cross-sectional study of tumor samples from 100 adult patients diagnosed with FCDTC between 2010 and 2019. The patients' clinical and pathological data were collected.

Human Immature Dental Pulp Stem Cells Did Not Graft into a Preexisting Human Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapies have been considered an attractive approach for treating Huntington's disease (HD). However, due to the pulmonary first-passage effect associated with intravenous infusion (the most commonly used route of MSC administration), there is a rising concern that the cells could be entrapped in the lungs and grafted (homing) into preexisting lung cancer. Herein, we report the case of a patient with HD enrolled in a cell therapy phase I clinical trial for HD treatment having a preexisting pulmonary nodule.

Exosomes in the Tumor Microenvironment: From Biology to Clinical Applications.

Cancer is one of the most important health problems and the second leading cause of death worldwide. Despite the advances in oncology, cancer heterogeneity remains challenging to therapeutics. This is because the exosome-mediated crosstalk between cancer and non-cancer cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME) contributes to the acquisition of all hallmarks of cancer and leads to the formation of cancer stem cells (CSCs), which exhibit resistance to a range of anticancer drugs.

Molecular Signature Expands the Landscape of Driver Negative Thyroid Cancers.

Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy. However, the cytological diagnosis of follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC), Hürthle cell carcinoma (HCC), and follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (FVPTC) and their benign counterparts is a challenge for preoperative diagnosis. Nearly 20-30% of biopsied thyroid nodules are classified as having indeterminate risk of malignancy and incur costs to the health care system.

Machine learning algorithm improved automated droplet classification of ddPCR for detection of BRAF V600E in paraffin-embedded samples.

Somatic mutations in cancer driver genes can help diagnosis, prognosis and treatment decisions. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimen is the main source of DNA for somatic mutation detection. To overcome constraints of DNA isolated from FFPE, we compared pyrosequencing and ddPCR analysis for absolute quantification of BRAF V600E mutation in the DNA extracted from FFPE specimens and compared the results to the qualitative detection information obtained by Sanger Sequencing.

LIMD2 Regulates Key Steps of Metastasis Cascade in Papillary Thyroid Cancer Cells via MAPK Crosstalk.

Although papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) has a good prognosis, 20-90% of patients show metastasis to regional lymph nodes and 10-15% of patients show metastasis to distant sites. Metastatic disease represents the main clinical challenge that impacts survival rate. We previously showed that LIMD2 was a novel metastasis-associated gene.

Revised criteria for diagnosis of NIFTP reveals a better correlation with tumor biological behavior.

The recent reclassification of a follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (FVPTC), subset as noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP), aims to avoid overtreatment of patients with an indolent lesion. The diagnosis of NIFTP has recently been revisited using more rigid criteria. This study presents histological and molecular findings and a long clinical follow-up of 94 FVPTC, 40 cases of follicular adenoma (FTA) and 22 cases of follicular carcinoma (FTC) that were classified before the advent of the NIFTP reclassification.

AGK-BRAF is associated with distant metastasis and younger age in pediatric papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Background: The incidence of thyroid carcinoma has increased in most populations, including pediatric patients. The increase is almost exclusively due to an increase in the incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Genetic alterations leading to mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway activation are highly prevalent in PTC, with BRAF V600E mutation being the most common event in adult PTC.

LIMD2 Is Overexpressed in BRAF V600E-Positive Papillary Thyroid Carcinomas and Matched Lymph Node Metastases.

We previously described that LIM domain containing 2 (LIMD2) overexpression was closely correlated with metastatic process in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). We here evaluated the expression of LIMD2 in a series of non-metastatic and metastatic PTC and their matched lymph node metastases via immunohistochemistry. LIMD2 was expressed in 74 (81%) of primary PTC and 35 (95%) of lymph node metastases.