A Longitudinal Pediatric Primary Care Residency Tailored to Meet Workforce Need: A 10-Year Evaluation.

We started a primary care residency program intended to prepare graduates for primary care and increase entry into primary care, using time-limited funds from the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA). To compare the graduates of the primary care residency program to their categorical peers, and whether they remained in the state, began primary care careers, and whether they identified as underrepresented in medicine. This is a retrospective study of a cohort of 39 residents who graduated from the University of North Carolina primary care residency program from 2014-2023.

Use of Informational Brochures on Knowledge of Cataracts in Rural Ecuador.

Background Cataracts are the leading global cause of preventable blindness. Despite the high prevalence of cataracts in rural Ecuadorian communities, no community-wide educational efforts on the impact of cataract-related blindness have been attempted. This study used an educational brochure to assess individual knowledge of cataract blindness before and after the distribution of the brochure.

Endogenous glutamate within the prelimbic and infralimbic cortices regulates the incubation of cocaine-seeking in rats.

The incubation of cue-reinforced cocaine-seeking coincides with increased extracellular glutamate within the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC). The vmPFC is comprised of two subregions that oppositely regulate drug-seeking, with infralimbic (IL) activity inhibiting, and prelimibic (PL) activity facilitating, drug-seeking. Thus, we hypothesized that increasing and decreasing endogenous glutamate within the IL would attenuate and potentiate, respectively, cue-reinforced drug-seeking behavior, with the converse effects observed upon manipulations of endogenous glutamate within the PL.

Reasons for Refusal of Newborn Vitamin K Prophylaxis: Implications for Management and Education.

Objective: The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends intramuscular (IM) vitamin K prophylaxis for all newborns to prevent vitamin K deficiency bleeding. Given the serious implications of late-onset vitamin K deficiency bleeding, our objective was to examine factors influencing parents' decisions to refuse IM vitamin K prophylaxis.

Methods: Parents intending to refuse IM vitamin K prophylaxis at delivery were recruited from 5 community hospitals, 1 academic medical center, and 2 birthing centers in a single Southeastern state.

Coordinating eye and primary medical care in a low-income and uninsured population: the experience of the Vision of Hope Health Alliance.

Purpose: The Vision of Hope Health Alliance (VOHHA) was developed to provide an integrated system of eye and primary medical services to low-income and uninsured patients who were referred from nonmedical and medical agencies.

Methods: Partnerships were formed to facilitate patient referrals. Eye examinations and ophthalmic materials were provided at no cost to patients.

Ocular manifestations of Donohue's syndrome.

Introduction: Donohue's syndrome, also known as Leprechaunism, is a rare autosomal recessive disease that manifests at birth with symptoms of endocrine dysfunction. Metabolic characteristics of the disease include postprandial hyperglycemia, fasting hypoglycemia, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and failure to thrive. The physical features most often associated with this condition include hypertrichosis, pachyderma, acanthosis nigricans, prominent genitalia, and elfin-like facial characteristics of prominent eyes, wide nostrils, thick lips, and large, low-set ears.

The development of a group B streptococcus prevention policy at a community hospital.

Background And Objectives: In 1996, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) issued guidelines for antepartum antibiotic prophylaxis of group B streptococcal (GBS)-positive women. The objective of this study is to document results of a GBS prophylaxis policy at one nonacademically affiliated, community hospital and discern its effectiveness with regard to compliance as well as in decreasing the incidence of early onset GBS (EOGBS) disease.

Methods: The development of a GBS-prevention policy at the Women's Hospital of Greensboro (WHG) was documented by means of interviews and examination of minutes of meetings.

Testing the inhibitory effects of Mascara Life on bacterial growth in mascara.

Background: Mascara Life is a liquid additive that claims to reconstitute mascara consistency while retarding bacterial and fungal growth in tubes of used mascara. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of mascara alone versus mascara with the addition of Mascara Life against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, a common bacterial contaminant responsible for potentially serious ocular infections.

Method: To simulate 3 to 6 months of use, 12 new tubes of Maybelline Great Lash mascara were dried for 5 consecutive days with the applicator wands removed.

Anterior chamber angle anomalies associated with signs of pigment dispersion in a group of black probands and their first-degree relatives.

Purpose: To evaluate the presence of iridocorneal angle anomalies associated with signs of pigment dispersion among a group of black probands and their first-degree relatives.

Methods: Eleven blacks who exhibited pigment dispersion syndrome (PDS) signs, including Krukenberg's spindles, moderate-to-heavy trabecular meshwork pigmentation, and peripheral lenticular/zonular pigmentation, received a complete eye examination that included gonioscopy. Overt iridocorneal angle abnormalities other than pigment deposition were photo-documented.

Heritage characteristics reported by a group of African-Americans who exhibit the pigment dispersion syndrome: a case-control study.

Purpose: To investigate the racial heritage of a group of African-Americans who exhibit the pigment dispersion syndrome (PDS).

Subjects And Methods: Ten unrelated African-American PDS patients (age range 13-59) from a primary eye care population in Chicago, Illinois, USA, were interviewed to determine their racial heritage. Since Caucasian and Native American heritage were commonly reported, 101 unaffected African-American control subjects (age range 18-55) were also interviewed to determine the reported frequency of these specific racial heritage characteristics.

Pediatric exanthems.

Many childhood diseases have cutaneous manifestations such as exanthems. More than 50 agents (viral, bacterial, or rickettsial) that cause exanthems in children have been identified. This article describes a systematic approach for evaluating 12 common exanthems.