Longitudinal Changes in Medial Meniscal Extrusion After ACL Injury and Reconstruction and Its Relationship With Cartilage Degeneration Assessed Using MRI-Based T1ρ and T2 Analysis.

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury often leads to posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA), despite ACL reconstruction (ACLR). Medial meniscal extrusion (MME) is implicated in PTOA progression but remains understudied after ACL injury and ACLR.

Hypothesis/purpose: It was hypothesized that MME would increase longitudinally after ACL injury and ACLR, with greater changes in the ipsilateral knee compared with the contralateral knee, leading to cartilage degeneration.

Improved metal suppression using new generation low-field MRI: a biophantom feasibility study.

Objective: Novel 0.55 MRI scanners have the potential to reduce metal artifacts around orthopedic implants. The purpose of this study was to compare metal artifact size and depiction of anatomy between 0.

Ligamentum teres lesions are associated with compositional and structural hip cartilage degenerative change: region-specific cartilage degeneration.

Objectives: To investigate the association between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based ligamentum teres lesions (LTL) and structural hip degeneration.

Methods: Bilateral 3-T hip MRIs of participants (n = 93 [36 men]; mean age ( ± SD) 51 years ± 15.4) recruited from the community and the orthopedic clinic of a single medical center were included.

Clinical and imaging findings associated with preservation of knee joint health over 8 years in individuals aged 65 and over: data from the OAI.

Objective: While risk factors for osteoarthritis (OA) are well known, it is not well understood why certain individuals maintain high mobility and joint health throughout their life while others demonstrate OA at older ages. The purpose of this study was to assess which demographic, clinical and MRI quantitative and semi-quantitative factors are associated with preserving healthy knees in older individuals.

Methods: This study analyzed data from the OA Initiative (OAI) cohort of individuals at the age of 65 years or above.

Degenerative medial and lateral menisci root tears: demographics, clinical presentation, imaging features, and associated findings.

Purpose: (I) Characterize the demographics and clinical features of patients with meniscal root tears (MRT); (II) analyze the morphology, extent, and grade of MRT on MRI; (III) evaluate associated abnormalities on imaging; and (IV) evaluate the associations between imaging findings, demographics, clinical features, and joint structural abnormalities.

Material And Methods: A search was performed to identify meniscal root tears. Age, sex, BMI, and pain were recorded.

Associations of cumulative voriconazole dose, treatment duration, and alkaline phosphatase with voriconazole-induced periostitis.

Objective: To investigate the associations of cumulative voriconazole dose, treatment duration, and alkaline phosphatase with voriconazole-induced periostitis.

Materials And Methods: One hundred and thirty-one patients with voriconazole use were identified using a clinical informatics tool. Health record data including age, sex, immune status, alkaline phosphatase, voriconazole levels, voriconazole dose, frequency, and treatment duration were collected.

Clinical and radiologic outcomes in patients with meniscal root tears.

Background: Meniscal root tears can lead to early knee osteoarthritis and pain. This study aimed (1) to compare clinical and radiological outcomes between patients who underwent arthroscopic meniscal root repair after meniscal root tears and those who received non-surgical treatment, and (2) to identify whether baseline MRI findings could be potential predictors for future treatment strategies.

Methods: Patients with meniscal root tears were identified from our picture archiving and communication system from 2016 to 2020.

Microvascular disease not type 2 diabetes is associated with increased cortical porosity: A study of cortical bone microstructure and intracortical vessel characteristics.

Introduction: Fracture risk is elevated in type 2 diabetes (T2D) despite normal or even high bone mineral density (BMD). Microvascular disease (MVD) is a diabetic complication, but also associated with other diseases, for example chronic kidney disease. We hypothesize that increased fracture risk in T2D could be due to increased cortical porosity (Ct.

Thigh muscle and fat volumes are associated with knee cartilage abnormalities and bone marrow edema-like lesions: data from the osteoarthritis initiative.

Objective: To investigate the associations of thigh muscle and fat volumes with structural abnormalities on MRI related to knee osteoarthritis.

Materials And Methods: MRI studies of the thighs and knees from 100 individuals were randomly selected from the Osteoarthritis Initiative Cohort. Whole Organ MR Scoring (WORMS) and effusion-synovitis scoring were performed in all knee MRI.

Is hip capsule morphology associated with hip pain in patients without another structural correlate?

Objective: The goals of this study were (i) to assess the association between hip capsule morphology and pain in patients without any other MRI abnormalities that would correlate with pain and (ii) to investigate whether hip capsule morphology in hip pain patients is different from that of controls.

Methods: In this study, 76 adults with hip pain who did not show any structural abnormalities on MRI and 46 asymptomatic volunteers were included. Manual segmentation of the anterior and posterior hip capsules was performed.

Bone Marrow Adiposity Alterations in Type 2 Diabetes Are Sex-Specific and Associated with Serum Lipid Levels.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has negative effects on skeletal health. A proposed mechanism of diabetic bone disease connects hyperlipidemia to increased bone marrow adiposity and decreased bone quality. Previous research on Type 1 diabetes reported positive associations between serum lipid levels and marrow adiposity, but no data exist for T2D.

Associations between weight change, knee subcutaneous fat and cartilage thickness in overweight and obese individuals: 4-Year data from the osteoarthritis initiative.

Objective: To assess (i) the impact of changes in body weight on changes in joint-adjacent subcutaneous fat (SCF) and cartilage thickness over 4 years and (ii) the relation between changes in joint-adjacent SCF and knee cartilage thickness.

Design: Individuals from the Osteoarthritis Initiative (total=399) with > 10% weight gain (n=100) and > 10% weight loss (n=100) over 4 years were compared to a matched control cohort with less than 3% change in weight (n=199). 3.

Headache frequency and neck pain are associated with trapezius muscle T2 in tension-type headache among young adults.

Background: Tension-type headache (TTH) is the most prevalent primary headache disorder. Neck pain is commonly associated with primary headaches and the trigemino-cervical complex (TCC) refers to the convergence of trigeminal and cervical afferents onto neurons of the brainstem, thus conceptualizes the emergence of headache in relation to neck pain. However, no objective biomarkers exist for the myofascial involvement in primary headaches.

MRI-based T and T cartilage compositional imaging in osteoarthritis: what have we learned and what is needed to apply it clinically and in a trial setting?

Cartilage MRI-based T and T compositional measurements have been developed to characterize cartilage matrix quality and diagnose cartilage damage before irreversible defects are found, allowing intervention at an early, potentially reversible disease stage. Over the last 2 decades, this technology was investigated in numerous studies and was validated using specimen studies and arthroscopy; and longitudinal studies documented its ability to predict progression of degenerative disease and radiographic osteoarthritis (OA). While T and T measurements have shown promise in early disease stages, several hurdles have been encountered to apply this technology clinically.

The effect of interactions between BMI and sustained depressive symptoms on knee osteoarthritis over 4 years: data from the osteoarthritis initiative.

Background: To assess the compound effects of BMI and sustained depressive symptoms on changes in knee structure, cartilage composition, and knee pain over 4 years using statistical interaction analyses.

Methods: One thousand eight hundred forty-four individuals from the Osteoarthritis Initiative Database were analyzed at baseline and 4-year follow-up. Individuals were categorized according to their BMI and presence of depressive symptoms (based on the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (threshold≥16)) at baseline and 4-year follow-up.

Application of a Domain-specific BERT for Detection of Speech Recognition Errors in Radiology Reports.

Purpose: To develop radiology domain-specific bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT) models that can identify speech recognition (SR) errors and suggest corrections in radiology reports.

Materials And Methods: A pretrained BERT model, Clinical BioBERT, was further pretrained on a corpus of 114 008 radiology reports between April 2016 and August 2019 that were retrospectively collected from two hospitals. Next, the model was fine-tuned on a training dataset of generated insertion, deletion, and substitution errors, creating Radiology BERT.

Acetabular cartilage delamination: performance of MRI using arthroscopy as the standard of reference.

Background: Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) frequently leads to acetabular chondral delamination. Early identification and treatment of these cases is crucial to prevent further damage to the hip.

Purpose: To evaluate the accuracy of morphological signs of cartilage acetabular delamination in non-arthrographic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using intra-articular arthroscopic findings in patients undergoing FAI surgery.

Automated Opportunistic Osteoporosis Screening in Routine Computed Tomography of the Spine: Comparison With Dedicated Quantitative CT.

Opportunistic osteoporosis screening in nondedicated routine computed tomography (CT) is of increasing importance. The purpose of this study was to compare lumbar volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) assessed by a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based framework in routine CT to vBMD from dedicated quantitative CT (QCT), and to evaluate the ability of vBMD and surrogate measurements of Hounsfield units (HU) to distinguish between patients with and without osteoporotic vertebral fractures (VFs). A total of 144 patients (median age: 70.

Impact of Sustained Synovitis on Knee Joint Structural Degeneration: 4-Year MRI Data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative.

Background: Synovial inflammation is a risk factor for osteoarthritis (OA). But to date, there is limited information on how inflammation impacts progression of knee OA.

Purpose: To investigate how sustained synovitis, assessed with semi-quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scores, impacts progression of knee degenerative changes over 4 years.

Paraspinal Muscle in Chronic Low Back Pain: Comparison Between Standard Parameters and Chemical Shift Encoding-Based Water-Fat MRI.

Background: Paraspinal musculature (PSM) is increasingly recognized as a contributor to low back pain (LBP), but with conventional MRI sequences, assessment is limited. Chemical shift encoding-based water-fat MRI (CSE-MRI) enables the measurement of PSM fat fraction (FF), which may assist investigations of chronic LBP.

Purpose: To investigate associations between PSM parameters from conventional MRI and CSE-MRI and between PSM parameters and pain.

Effects of Weight Change on Knee and Hip Radiographic Measurements and Pain Over Four Years: Data From the Osteoarthritis Initiative.

Objective: To assess the effects of weight loss and weight gain on hip and knee radiographic changes, pain, and joint replacement over 4 years.

Methods: Participants (n = 2,752) from the Osteoarthritis Initiative were classified as those with weight gain (more than 5% gain), weight loss (more than -5% loss), or as controls (-3% to 3% change) over 4 years. Generalized estimating equations (adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index) were used to assess the relationship between the weight-change group and 4-year changes in knee radiographic osteoarthritis (OA) (Kellgren/Lawrence [K/L] grade), hip OA (Croft summary grade), joint space narrowing (JSN), and joint pain.

CT-like MRI: a qualitative assessment of ZTE sequences for knee osseous abnormalities.

Objective: To qualitatively evaluate the utility of zero echo-time (ZTE) MRI sequences in identifying osseous findings and to compare ZTE with optimized spoiled gradient echo (SPGR) sequences in detecting knee osseous abnormalities.

Materials And Methods: ZTE and standard knee MRI sequences were acquired at 3T in 100 consecutive patients. Three radiologists rated confidence in evaluating osseous abnormalities and image quality on a 5-grade Likert scale in ZTE compared to standard sequences.

Cortical Bone Loss Following Gastric Bypass Surgery Is Not Primarily Endocortical.

Roux-en Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery is an effective treatment for obesity; however, it may negatively impact skeletal health by increasing fracture risk. This increase may be the result not only of decreased bone mineral density but also of changes in bone microstructure, for example, increased cortical porosity. Increased tibial and radial cortical porosity of patients undergoing RYGB surgery has been observed as early as 6 months postoperatively; however, local microstructural changes and associated biological mechanisms driving this increase remain unclear.

AI MSK clinical applications: cartilage and osteoarthritis.

The advancements of artificial intelligence (AI) for osteoarthritis (OA) applications have been rapid in recent years, particularly innovations of deep learning for image classification, lesion detection, cartilage segmentation, and prediction modeling of future knee OA development. This review article focuses on AI applications in OA research, first describing machine learning (ML) techniques and workflow, followed by how these algorithms are used for OA classification tasks through imaging and non-imaging-based ML models. Deep learning applications for OA research, including analysis of both radiographs for automatic detection of OA severity, and MR images for detection of cartilage/meniscus lesions and cartilage segmentation for automatic T quantification will be described.