Transcholecystic Duodenal Drainage as an Alternative Decompression Method for Afferent Loop Syndrome: Two Case Reports.

Afferent loop syndrome (ALS) is a rare complication of gastrectomies and gastrointestinal reconstruction. This can predispose patients to fatal conditions, such as cholangitis, pancreatitis, and duodenal perforation with peritonitis. Therefore, emergency decompression is necessary to prevent these complications.

Primary Invasive Ductal Carcinoma Arising in Axillary Accessory Breast: A Case Report.

Ectopic breast tissue can develop along the mammary ridge from the axilla to the groin, and the most common site is the axillae. Primary carcinoma of ectopic breast tissue is extremely rare. We report a rare case of a 61-year-old woman with a palpable mass in her left axilla who had a history of surgical excision of accessory breast tissue in the same area.

Efficacy of Bronchial Artery Embolization for Clinically Suspected Bronchial Dieulafoy's Disease.

Background: The efficacy of bronchial artery embolization (BAE) for bronchial Dieulafoy's disease (BDD) has not been well established.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of BAE in patients with clinically suspected BDD presenting with major hemoptysis, and to describe angiographic findings.

Methods: 17 patients (all men; mean age, 53.

Response Prediction after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Colon Cancer Using CT Tumor Regression Grade: A Preliminary Study.

Purpose: To investigate whether CT-based tumor regression grade (ctTRG) can be used to predict the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in colon cancer.

Materials And Methods: A total of 53 patients were enrolled. Two radiologists independently assessed the ctTRG using the length, thickness, layer pattern, and luminal and extraluminal appearance of the tumor.

Predictors of Extraprostatic Extension in Patients with Prostate Cancer.

Purpose: To identify effective factors predicting extraprostatic extension (EPE) in patients with prostate cancer (PCa).

Methods: This retrospective cohort study recruited 898 consecutive patients with PCa treated with robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. The patients were divided into EPE and non-EPE groups based on the analysis of whole-mount histopathologic sections.

Acute Ileal Diverticulitis: Computed Tomography and Ultrasound Findings.

Background: Acute ileal diverticulitis is a rare disease mimicking acute appendicitis. Inaccurate diagnosis with a low prevalence and nonspecific symptoms leads to delayed or improper management.

Methods: This retrospective study aimed to investigate the characteristic sonographic (US) and computed tomography (CT) findings with clinical features in seventeen patients with acute ileal diverticulitis diagnosed between March 2002 and August 2017.

Transpedal lymphatic embolization for lymphorrhea at the graft harvest site after coronary artery bypass grafting.

Lymphorrhea is a rare but potentially severe complication that occurs after various surgical procedures. Untreated lymphorrhea may lead to wound dehiscence, infection, and prolonged hospital stay. Currently, there is no standard effective treatment.

Emphysema is associated with the aggressiveness of COPD-related adenocarcinomas.

Objectives: To compare the differences in radiologic and pathologic features of surgically resected chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)-related adenocarcinomas according to the presence of emphysema.

Methods: A total of 216 smokers with surgically resected lung adenocarcinoma were included in this retrospective study, and 102 patients were diagnosed with COPD. We classified COPD patients as emphysematous or non-emphysematous group based on the emphysema severity on computed tomography (CT) and evaluated the differences in the CT and pathologic features between the two groups.

Potential image-based criteria of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for colon cancer: multireaders' diagnostic performance.

Purpose: The objective was to assess which image-based criteria can be best accurately determined at MDCT and which results in least overtreatment.

Materials And Methods: A total of 110 consecutive patients, who underwent curative surgery for colon cancer, were included in this retrospective study. Five radiologists independently assessed the longitudinal diameter of cancer as well as T- and N-categories.

An Extragastrointestinal Stromal Tumor Originating from the Pancreas.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the most common mesenchymal neoplasm of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). In fewer than 5% of cases, GIST originates primarily from outside the GIT. The occurrence of GIST originating from the pancreas is rare.

Diagnostic performance of MRI- versus MDCT-categorized T3cd/T4 for identifying high-risk stage II or stage III colon cancers: a pilot study.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic performance of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-categorized T3cd/T4 tumors for identifying high-risk stage II or stage III cancer in patients with curatively resectable colon cancer in comparison to that of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT).

Materials And Methods: Thirty-eight patients with histopathologically indicated adenocarcinomas prospectively underwent MRI of the colon. Two radiologists independently and retrospectively assessed for T-category, including T3 substage (≤ T3ab vs.

Femoral versus jugular access for Denali Vena Cava Filter placement: Analysis of fluoroscopic time, filter tilt and retrieval outcomes.

Purpose: To analyze relevant metrics involved in Denali Vena Cava Filter placement via different venous access sites.

Materials And Methods: Patients with Denali filters inserted between March 2017 and February 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Pre-procedural and pre-retrieval computed tomography (CT) were reviewed.

Invasive Breast Cancer: Prognostic Value of Peritumoral Edema Identified at Preoperative MR Imaging.

Purpose To determine the prognostic value of peritumoral edema identified at preoperative breast magnetic resonance (MR) imaging for disease recurrence in patients with invasive breast cancer. Materials and Methods Between January 2011 and December 2012, 353 women (median age, 49 years; range, 27-77 years) with invasive breast cancer who had undergone preoperative MR imaging and mastectomy or breast-conserving surgery were identified. Two radiologists independently reviewed peritumoral edema on the basis of the degree of the signal intensity surrounding the tumor on T2-weighted images.

Ultrasound-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration of Non-palpable and Suspicious Axillary Lymph Nodes with Subsequent Removal after Tattooing: False-Negative Results and Concordance with Sentinel Lymph Nodes.

Ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration (US-guided FNA) for axillary lymph nodes (ALNs) is currently used with various techniques for the initial staging of breast cancer and tagging of ALNs. With the implementation of the tattooing of biopsied ALNs, the rate of false-negative results of US-guided FNA for non-palpable and suspicious ALNs and concordance with sentinel lymph nodes were determined by node-to node analyses. A total of 61 patients with breast cancer had negative results for metastasis on US-guided FNA of their non-palpable and suspicious ALNs.

Preoperative MRI features associated with lymphovascular invasion in node-negative invasive breast cancer: A propensity-matched analysis.

Purpose: In node-negative disease, the presence of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is reported to be an unfavorable prognostic factor. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether preoperative breast MRI features are associated with LVI in patients with node-negative invasive breast cancer by a propensity-matched analysis.

Materials And Methods: Among 389 patients with node-negative invasive ductal breast cancer who had preoperative breast 3.

[Actinomycosis Involving Chronic Pancreatitis: A Case Report with Literature Review].

Actinomycosis is a slowly progressive, chronic infectious disease. It is caused by the genus Actinomyces, which are gram-positive anaerobic bacteria. It presents as a mass-like lesion, composed of bacterial nidus and characteristic granulomatous inflammatory fibrosis.

Long-term outcomes of surgery alone versus surgery following preoperative chemoradiotherapy for early T3 rectal cancer: A propensity score analysis.

Recently, a few studies have raised the question of whether preoperative chemoradiotherapy (PCRT) is essential for all T3 rectal cancers. This case-matched study aimed to compare the long-term outcomes of surgery alone with those of PCRT + surgery for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-assessed T3ab (extramural depth of invasion ≤5 mm) and absent mesorectal fascia invasion (clear MRF) in mid/lower rectal cancer patients.From January 2006 to November 2012, 203 patients who underwent curative surgery alone (n = 118) or PCRT + surgery (n = 85) were enrolled in this retrospective study.

Internal mammary node adenopathy on breast MRI and PET/CT for initial staging in patients with operable breast cancer: prevalence and associated factors.

Purpose: To evaluate the prevalence of and factors associated with internal mammary node (IMN) adenopathy on MRI and PET/CT used for initial staging in patients with operable breast cancer.

Methods: A total of 1320 patients diagnosed with invasive breast carcinoma between January 2011 and December 2015 underwent MRI and PET/CT for initial staging. The patients were considered to have IMN adenopathy when MRI revealed IMNs with the longest diameter of 5 mm or greater and a standardized uptake value greater than that of the mediastinal blood pool/contralateral parasternal area on PET/CT.

Nodular tracheobronchitis in a patient with lymphoma: an unusual presentation of viridans streptococcal respiratory tract infection.

Bacterial tracheobronchitis without lung parenchymal involvement is extremely rare in adults, except in patients who are intubated or mechanically ventilated. We present a case of nodular tracheobronchitis caused by viridans streptococci in a non-ventilated lymphoma patient. To our knowledge, this is the first report of viridans streptococcal infection that has caused nodular tracheobronchitis.

Complementary value of pre-treatment apparent diffusion coefficient in rectal cancer for predicting tumor recurrence.

Purpose: To assess the complementary prognostic value of pre-treatment tumor apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) for the prediction of tumor recurrence in patients with rectal cancer.

Methods: From March 2012 to March 2013, a total of 128 patients with mid/lower rectal cancer who underwent pre-treatment rectal MRI were enrolled in this retrospective study. Two radiologists in consensus evaluated conventional imaging features (Cimg) in pre-treatment rectal MRI: tumor height from anal verge (≤5 cm vs.

Incidental Breast Lesions Identified by (18)F-FDG PET/CT: Which Clinical Variables Differentiate between Benign and Malignant Breast Lesions?

Purpose: The aim of our study was to evaluate the risk of malignancy and to determine which clinical variables differentiate between benign and malignant focal breast lesions found incidentally on (18)F-flourodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography and computed tomography (FDG PET/CT).

Methods: From March 2005 to October 2011, 21,224 women with no history of breast cancer underwent FDG PET/CT at three university-affiliated hospitals. We retrospectively identified 214 patients with incidental focal hypermetabolic breast lesions and grouped them into benign and malignant lesion groups.

Locally advanced rectal cancer: post-chemoradiotherapy ADC histogram analysis for predicting a complete response.

Background: The value of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) for reliable differentiation between pathologic complete response (pCR) and residual tumor is still unclear. Recently, a few studies reported that histogram analysis can be helpful to monitor the therapeutic response in various cancer research.

Purpose: To investigate whether post-chemoradiotherapy (CRT) apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) histogram analysis can be helpful to predict a pCR in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC).

Iatrogenic pancreatitis in patients with IPMN after ERCP: incidence and predictive signs.

Background And Aims: The prevalence of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) has recently increased, and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a major diagnostic modality for IPMN. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence rate of iatrogenic pancreatitis in the patients with IPMN and the predictive signs on pre-procedural images and endoscopic procedures.

Patients And Methods: At a single center, patients who underwent ERCP between September 2001 and December 2010 were included in this study.

Noninvasive assessment of hepatic fibrosis using gadoxetate-disodium-enhanced 3T MRI.

Introduction: Gadoxetate-disodium is a liver-specific MR contrast agent absorbed by hepatocytes via organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B3 and is excreted into the biliary system by multidrug resistance-associated protein 2. It has been suggested that relative parenchymal enhancement on hepatocyte phase image is associated with hepatic function. However, it is not clear whether gadoxetate-disodium-enhanced MRI can be used as a noninvasive fibrosis marker.

Diagnostic usefulness of intraoperative ultrasonography for unexpected severe brain swelling in ultra-early surgery for ruptured intracranial aneurysms.

Background: In ultra-early aneurysm surgery, the few hours from admission to aneurysm clipping present the greatest risk for an in-hospital recurrent hemorrhage, the development of acute hydrocephalus, and severe brain edema. Thus, severe brain swelling encountered after dural opening in a craniotomy can sometimes not be explained by a preoperative computed tomography (CT) scan. Therefore, neurosurgeons need a diagnostic tool to determine the exact cause of the brain swelling to apply appropriate intraoperative management.