Associations of Physical Activity and Cardiorespiratory Fitness with Incident Chronic Kidney Disease in a Korean Population.

Objective: This large cohort study aimed to examine the overall associations of physical activity (PA) and estimated cardiorespiratory fitness (eCRF) with incident chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods: This study included a total of 274,292 participants (mean age, 37.9±8.

Secreted LGALS3BP facilitates distant metastasis of breast cancer.

Background: Patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer (BC) can be treated with endocrine therapy targeting ER, however, metastatic recurrence occurs in 25% of the patients who have initially been treated. Secreted proteins from tumors play important roles in cancer metastasis but previous methods for isolating secretory proteins had limitations in identifying novel targets.

Methods: We applied an in situ secretory protein labeling technique using TurboID to analyze secretome from tamoxifen-resistant (TAMR) BC.

Concordant and discordant breast density patterns by different approaches for assessing breast density and breast cancer risk.

Purpose: To examine the discrepancy in breast density assessments by radiologists, LIBRA software, and AI algorithm and their association with breast cancer risk.

Methods: Among 74,610 Korean women aged ≥ 34 years, who underwent screening mammography, density estimates obtained from both LIBRA and the AI algorithm were compared to radiologists using BI-RADS density categories (A-D, designating C and D as dense breasts). The breast cancer risks were compared according to concordant or discordant dense breasts identified by radiologists, LIBRA, and AI.

Height and breast cancer risk in premenopausal Korean women aged under 40 years of age.

Background: Taller women are at an increased risk of breast cancer; however, evidence regarding this in younger women is limited. This study investigated the association between body height and breast cancer risk in premenopausal Korean women aged <40 years.

Methods: Premenopausal women aged <40 years enroled in the Kangbuk Samsung Health Study (KSHS) and National Health Insurance Service-National Health Information Database (NHIS-NHID) were included in the analysis.

Automated Comprehensive CT Assessment of the Risk of Diabetes and Associated Cardiometabolic Conditions.

Background CT performed for various clinical indications has the potential to predict cardiometabolic diseases. However, the predictive ability of individual CT parameters remains underexplored. Purpose To evaluate the ability of automated CT-derived markers to predict diabetes and associated cardiometabolic comorbidities.

Lifelog-based daily step counts, walking speed, and metabolically healthy status.

Objective: Optimal metabolically healthy status is important to prevent various chronic diseases. This study investigated the association between lifelog-derived physical activity and metabolically healthy status.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 51 Korean adults aged 30-40 years with no history of chronic diseases.

Menopausal stages and overactive bladder symptoms in middle-aged women: A cross-sectional study.

Objective: To examine the prevalence of overactive bladder (OAB) according to menopausal stages in middle-aged women.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Total Healthcare Center in South Korea.

Overactive bladder and cognitive impairment in middle-aged women: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Overactive bladder (OAB) is a common condition in middle-aged and older women. It has been reported to be potentially linked to cognitive decline, particularly in older adults. This study investigated the association between OAB symptoms and cognitive impairment in middle-aged women.

Screening mammography performance according to breast density: a comparison between radiologists versus standalone intelligence detection.

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms for the independent assessment of screening mammograms have not been well established in a large screening cohort of Asian women. We compared the performance of screening digital mammography considering breast density, between radiologists and AI standalone detection among Korean women.

Methods: We retrospectively included 89,855 Korean women who underwent their initial screening digital mammography from 2009 to 2020.

Early-onset vasomotor symptoms and development of depressive symptoms among premenopausal women.

Background: We investigated the association between vasomotor symptoms (VMSs) and the onset of depressive symptoms among premenopausal women.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 4376 premenopausal women aged 42-52 years, and the cohort study included 2832 women without clinically relevant depressive symptoms at baseline. VMSs included the symptoms of hot flashes and night sweats.

Mammography-based deep learning model for coronary artery calcification.

Aims: Mammography, commonly used for breast cancer screening in women, can also predict cardiovascular disease. We developed mammography-based deep learning models for predicting coronary artery calcium (CAC) scores, an established predictor of coronary events.

Methods And Results: We evaluated a subset of Korean adults who underwent image mammography and CAC computed tomography and randomly selected approximately 80% of the participants as the training dataset, used to develop a convolutional neural network (CNN) to predict detectable CAC.

Long working hours and increased risks of lean non-alcoholic fatty liver disease among Korean men and women.

Despite the increasing prevalence of lean nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), its risk factors are not well established. We examined the association between long working hours and incident NAFLD in lean Korean workers with emphasis on sex-based effect modification. This cohort study involved 46,113 non-overweight (BMI < 23 kg/m) and NAFLD-free Korean workers (mean age, 35.

NR1D1 Stimulates Antitumor Immune Responses in Breast Cancer by Activating cGAS-STING Signaling.

Unlabelled: Potentiating antitumor immunity is a promising therapeutic approach for treating a variety of cancers, including breast cancer. One potential strategy to promote antitumor immunity is targeting DNA damage response. Given that the nuclear receptor NR1D1 (also known as REV-ERBα) inhibits DNA repair in breast cancer cells, we explored the role of NR1D1 in antitumor CD8+ T-cell responses.

Vasomotor and other menopause symptoms and the prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health metrics among premenopausal stage women.

Objective: We examined the association between menopause symptoms and the prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) metrics among premenopausal women.

Methods: This cross-sectional study comprised 4,611 premenopausal women aged 42 to 52 years. Data for CVH metrics were collected during health screening examinations.

Targeting HMG-CoA synthase 2 suppresses tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer growth by augmenting mitochondrial oxidative stress-mediated cell death.

Aims: In this study, we aimed to investigate previously unrecognized lipid metabolic perturbations in tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer (BC) by conducting comprehensive metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis. We identified the role of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutary-coenzyme-A-synthase 2 (HMGCS2), a key enzyme responsible for ketogenesis, in tamoxifen-resistant BC growth.

Main Methods: Comprehensive metabolomics (CE-TOFMS, LC-TOFMS) and transcriptiomics analysis were performed to characterize metabolic pathways in tamoxifen-resistant BC cells.

IFI16/Ifi202 released from breast cancer induces secretion of inflammatory cytokines from macrophages and promotes tumor growth.

In tumor microenvironment (TME), macrophages trigger and maintain inflammatory responses that promoting tumor progression. Many cellular proteins are secreted from tumors and modulate their own TME by modulating macrophage phenotypes. Recently, we reported that interferon-γ-inducible protein 16 (IFI16), which was identified as an innate immune DNA sensor recognizing foreign DNA, triggered type Ⅰ interferon responses in breast cancer (BC).

High low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level is associated with an increased risk of incident early-onset vasomotor symptoms.

We investigated the associations between serum lipid profiles and risk of early-onset vasomotor symptoms (VMSs) in premenopausal women. This cohort study comprised 2,540 premenopausal women aged 42-52 years without VMSs at baseline (median follow-up: 4.4 years).

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Risk of Early-Onset Vasomotor Symptoms in Lean and Overweight Premenopausal Women.

The role of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in vasomotor symptom (VMS) risk in premenopausal women is unknown. We examined the prevalence of early-onset VMSs according to NAFLD status in lean and overweight premenopausal women. This cross-sectional study included 4242 premenopausal Korean women (mean age 45.

Alcohol Consumption Patterns and Risk of Early-Onset Vasomotor Symptoms in Premenopausal Women.

The role of alcohol consumption in the risk of vasomotor symptoms (VMS), the most cardinal climacteric symptoms, is not well established. We examined their relationship with early-onset VMS among premenopausal women. Moderately-to-severely bothersome VMS, the primary outcome, was assessed using the Korean version of the Menopause-Specific Quality of Life questionnaire.