Stroke-Related Sarcopenia: Pathophysiology and Diagnostic Tools.

Sarcopenia is characterized by the progressive loss of muscle mass and strength and can be categorized as either primary or secondary. Patients who have experienced a stroke may develop sarcopenia, which can adversely impact their functional recovery. The pathophysiology of sarcopenia related to stroke involves nutritional deficiency, disuse atrophy, denervation, and metabolic disturbance.

Impact of sarcopenia on falls, mobility limitation, and mortality using the diagnostic criteria proposed in the Korean Working Group on Sarcopenia guideline.

Background: The recent published Korean Working Group on Sarcopenia (KWGS) guideline includes the concept of functional sarcopenia. The study investigated the prevalence of sarcopenia and its association with health-related adverse outcomes defined by the KWGS in community-dwelling older adults.

Methods: Data were sourced from the Korean Longitudinal Study on Health and Aging, focusing on Koreans 65 aged and above.

Digital Biomarker for Muscle Function Assessment Using Surface Electromyography With Electrical Stimulation and a Non-Invasive Wearable Device.

Sarcopenia is a comprehensive degenerative disease with the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass with age, accompanied by the loss of muscle strength and muscle dysfunction. Individuals with unmanaged sarcopenia may experience adverse outcomes. Periodically monitoring muscle function to detect muscle degeneration caused by sarcopenia and treating degenerated muscles is essential.

Comparative Efficacy of 5% Dextrose and Corticosteroid Injections in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: This study aims to assess the effectiveness of 5% dextrose (D5W) in comparison to corticosteroids for treating carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS).

Data Sources: A comprehensive systematic search was conducted across MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials on November 13, 2023. These were supplemented by manual searches using Google Scholar.

Therapeutic Efficacy of Ultrasound-Guided Selective Nerve Block on Chronic Cervical Radiculopathy.

: Cervical radiculopathy (CR) manifests as pain and sensorimotor disturbances in the upper extremities, often resulting from nerve root compression due to intervertebral disc herniation, degenerative changes, or trauma. While conservative treatments are initially preferred, persistent or severe cases may require surgical intervention. Ultrasound-guided selective nerve root block (SNRB) has emerged as a promising intervention for alleviating symptoms and potentially obviating the need for surgery.

The Association of Free Testosterone with Sarcopenic Obesity in Community-Dwelling Older Men: A Cross-Sectional Study.

: Sarcopenic obesity, a clinical condition coexisting with obesity and sarcopenia, is associated with a high risk of functional impairment, reduced quality of life, and increased mortality. A decline in age-related free testosterone (FT) levels has been reported to be associated with decreased muscle mass and muscle strength and increased fat mass. However, the association between low FT levels and risk of sarcopenic obesity has not been well studied.

A 42-year-old patient with renal cell carcinoma presenting as low back pain: A case report.

Rationale: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common renal neoplasm, accounting for 2.4% of all cancers in Korea. Although the usual clinical manifestations of RCC include flank pain, hematuria, and palpable mass, RCC is generally characterized by a lack of early warning signs and is mostly discovered incidentally in advanced stage.

Differences in sarcopenia status and mortality according to physical activity: results from the Korean Longitudinal Study on Health and Aging (KLoSHA).

Purpose: There is increasing evidence that promoting physical activity can prevent sarcopenia. However, physical activity (PA) decreases with age, and the impact of PA intensity on health is unclear. This study investigated the relationship between the level of PA and sarcopenia, and the association between PA levels and mortality in patients with and without sarcopenia.

Obesity, Physical Performance, Balance Confidence, and Falls in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Results from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study.

Obesity affects physical functions in numerous ways. We aimed to evaluate the association between obesity and falls, physical performance, and balance confidence in community-dwelling older adults. Using first-year baseline data from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study, 979 older adults were included.

The Impact of the Physical Activity Level on Sarcopenic Obesity in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Previous studies have reported that low levels of physical activity result in sarcopenic obesity (SO). However, the effects of specific intensities of physical activity on SO and the optimal amount of physical activity for lowering the prevalence of SO have not been well studied. This study aimed to identify the effects of physical activity levels and intensity on SO and the optimal amount of physical activity related to a lower prevalence of SO.

Cross-sectional and longitudinal association between atrial fibrillation and sarcopenia: Findings from the Korean frailty and aging cohort study.

Background: Sarcopenia is commonly observed in patients with cardiovascular diseases. However, studies on the association between sarcopenia and atrial fibrillation and their causal relationships are limited. We performed cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses to investigate the association between sarcopenia and atrial fibrillation among community-dwelling older adults.

Acute cricopharyngeal achalasia after general anesthesia in myotonic dystrophy: A case report.

Rationale: Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM-1) is a progressive multisystem genetic disorder that causes myotonia and both distal limb and facial/neck muscle weakness by expanding the CTG repeats of the DMPK gene in chromosome 19q13.3. General anesthesia is indicated in DM-1 patients owing to their sensitivity to anesthetic drugs such as opioids, hypnotics, and neuromuscular blocking agents.

Global, Regional, and National Burden of Spine Pain, 1990-2019: A Systematic Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Objective: To describe the global, regional, national, and temporal trends in neck pain (NP) and low back pain (LBP) from 1990 to 2019 and analyze associations with age, sex, and sociodemographic index (SDI).

Design: Temporal trends analyses of the Global Burden of Disease 2019 data for global, regional, and national prevalence, incidence, and years lived with disabilities (YLDs) of NP and LBP from 1990 to 2019.

Setting: Not applicable.

Effectiveness and clinical application of multidisciplinary combined exercise and nutrition intervention for sarcopenic older adults with metabolic syndrome: study protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Among chronic diseases affecting older adults, metabolic syndrome (MetS) is known to be closely related to sarcopenia. Insulin resistance may play a key role in the increased frequency of sarcopenia associated with metabolic disorders. To date, an exercise-nutrition combined intervention has been the treatment of choice for sarcopenia.

A randomized controlled trial of postoperative rehabilitation using digital healthcare system after rotator cuff repair.

A digital healthcare system based on augmented reality (AR) has promising uses for postoperative rehabilitation. We compare effectiveness of AR-based and conventional rehabilitation in patients after rotator cuff repair (RCR). This study randomly allocates 115 participants who underwent RCR to digital healthcare rehabilitation group (DR group) and conventional rehabilitation group (CR group).

Postoperative rehabilitation using a digital healthcare system in patients with total knee arthroplasty: a randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Digital healthcare systems based on augmented reality (AR) show promise for postoperative rehabilitation. We compared the effectiveness of AR-based rehabilitation and conventional rehabilitation after total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Materials And Methods: We randomly allocated 56 participants to digital healthcare rehabilitation group (DR group) and conventional rehabilitation group (CR group).

Impact of Vitamin B12 Insufficiency on the Incidence of Sarcopenia in Korean Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Two-Year Longitudinal Study.

The longitudinal effect of B12 insufficiency on sarcopenia has not yet been investigated in older adults. We aimed to study the impact of B12 levels on alterations in muscle mass, function and strength over two years. Non-sarcopenic older adults ( = 926) aged 70-84 were included.

Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as a Predictor of Short-Term Functional Outcomes in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients.

Background: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), a systemic inflammatory biomarker, has been associated with poorer outcomes in acute ischemic stroke patients. The present study was designed to expand these findings by investigating the association between NLR and short-term functional outcomes in acute ischemic stroke patients. Methods: This retrospective study evaluated patients within 7 days after the onset of acute ischemic stroke.

Correlation of Videofluoroscopic Swallowing Study Findings With Radionuclide Salivagram in Chronic Brain-Injured Patients.

Objective: To investigate the correlation between videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) and radionuclide salivagram findings in chronic brain-injured patients with dysphagia.

Methods: Medical records of chronic brain-injured patients who underwent radionuclide salivagram and VFSS were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups according to salivagram findings.