Can the Ability to Play Steady Beats Be Indicative of Cognitive Aging? Using a Beat Processing Device.

This study aimed to examine whether different rhythm idioms significantly affect the reproduction accuracy of older adults and whether the participants' age and personal current engagement in music affect their ability to reproduce rhythm. A total of 79 older adults participated in the study. Participants were required to reproduce six different rhythm idioms, and their accuracy in rhythm reproduction was measured using the R index.

Rhythm and music for promoting sensorimotor organization in autism: broader implications for outcomes.

Emerging research suggests that music and rhythm-based interventions offer promising avenues for facilitating functional outcomes for autistic individuals. Evidence suggests that many individuals with ASD have music processing and production abilities similar to those of neurotypical peers. These individual strengths in music processing and production may be used within music therapy with a competence-based treatment approach.

Benefits of personal music listening for family caregivers of critically ill patients during the post-COVID era.

Objective: This descriptive study surveyed family caregivers of patients in intensive care units (ICUs) during the COVID-19 pandemic to examine the impact of musical listening on their psychological well-being.

Method: The data collected in this study compared with collected from similar research conducted before the COVID-19 pandemic in 2017. The previous study had 195 participants, and the current study had 92.

Differential Background Music as Attentional Resources Interacting with Cognitive Control.

We examined the effects of background music on cognitive task performances using different musical arrangements from an excerpt of Mozart's Piano Sonata K.448. The participants were 126 university students: 70 music majors and 56 nonmusic majors.

Nighttime Walking with Music: Does Music Mediate the Influence of Personal Distress on Perceived Safety?

There is growing interest in identifying the environmental factors that contribute to individuals' perceptions of safety and sense of well-being in public spaces. As such, this study examined how music listening during nighttime walking influenced female university students' psychological state and perceptions of their campus. A total of 178 female university students with a mean age of 23.

Does Etiology Matter? Comparative Analysis of a Singing-Enhanced Swallowing Protocol for Patients with Neurological Impairment versus Head and Neck Cancer.

Swallowing difficulties are a common complaint among patients with a variety of diseases. To address these concerns, a singing-enhanced swallowing protocol was constructed, and its differential benefits for two patient populations were investigated. Two patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and two patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) participated in this study.

Effects of Patient-Directed Interactive Music Therapy on Sleep Quality in Postoperative Elderly Patients: A Randomized-Controlled Trial.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of patient-directed interactive music on saliva melatonin levels and sleep quality among postoperative elderly patients in the intensive care unit (ICU).

Patients And Methods: A total of 133 elderly patients were randomized into three groups: interactive music therapy (IMT), passive listening (PL), and the control group. The control group (n = 45) received routine medical care, while IMT and PL groups received music therapy on ICU day 1.

Gait training for adults with cerebral palsy following harmonic modification in rhythmic auditory stimulation.

This study aimed to investigate the differences in gait outcomes of young adults with cerebral palsy (CP) following rhythmic auditory stimulation (RAS) with different types of cueing. A total of 13 ambulatory adults with CP were recruited. The participants were assigned to receive either RAS with simple chords or RAS with complex chords.

Rhythm-Motor Dual Task Intervention for Fall Prevention in Healthy Older Adults.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of a rhythm-motor dual task intervention on cognitive and gait control for older adults in relation to fall prevention. Ten healthy older adults participated in a rhythm-motor dual task intervention and 10 participated in the control group. The intervention group received 16 30-min intervention sessions for 8 weeks.

Instrument Playing as a Cognitive Intervention Task for Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The aim of this meta-analysis was to review studies that applied musical instrument playing as an intervention to improve cognitive functioning of older adults with and without cognitive impairment. English-language articles published between 1990 and 2018 were searched using electronic databases. Music therapy journals were also hand searched for relevant research.

Dyadic Drum Playing and Social Skills: Implications for Rhythm-Mediated Intervention for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Current perspectives on social skills development of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) emphasize the interplay between motor and social skills. Given the evidence supporting this relationship, studies are needed to explore the potential benefit of rhythmic behaviors to improve social skills in children with ASD. The purpose of this two-part study was to confirm the relationship between dyadic drum playing and social skills and to further develop a rhythm-mediated music therapy intervention for improving the social skills of children with ASD.

The Applicability of Rhythm-Motor Tasks to a New Dual Task Paradigm for Older Adults.

Given the interplay between cognitive and motor functions during walking, cognitive demands required during gait have been investigated with regard to dual task performance. Along with the needs to understand how the type of concurrent task while walking affects gait performance, there are calls for diversified dual tasks that can be applied to older adults with varying levels of cognitive decline. Therefore, this study aimed to examine how rhythm-motor tasks affect dual task performance and gait control, compared to a traditional cognitive-motor task.

Age-Related Changes in Bimanual Instrument Playing with Rhythmic Cueing.

Deficits in bimanual coordination of older adults have been demonstrated to significantly limit their functioning in daily life. As a bimanual sensorimotor task, instrument playing has great potential for motor and cognitive training in advanced age. While the process of matching a person's repetitive movements to auditory rhythmic cueing during instrument playing was documented to involve motor and attentional control, investigation into whether the level of cognitive functioning influences the ability to rhythmically coordinate movement to an external beat in older populations is relatively limited.

Changes in gait patterns induced by rhythmic auditory stimulation for adolescents with acquired brain injury.

The effects of rhythmic auditory stimulation (RAS) on gait in adolescents with acquired brain injury (ABI) were investigated. A total of 14 adolescents with ABI were initially recruited, and 12 were included in the final analysis (n = 6 each). They were randomly assigned to the experimental (RAS) or the control (conventional gait training) groups.

Rhythmic Auditory Cueing in Motor Rehabilitation for Stroke Patients: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Given the increasing evidence demonstrating the effects of rhythmic auditory cueing for motor rehabilitation of stroke patients, this synthesized analysis is needed in order to improve rehabilitative practice and maximize clinical effectiveness.

Objective: This study aimed to systematically analyze the literature on rhythmic auditory cueing for motor rehabilitation of stroke patients by highlighting the outcome variables, type of cueing, and stage of stroke.

Methods: A systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled or clinically controlled trials was conducted.

Differential effects of type of keyboard playing task and tempo on surface EMG amplitudes of forearm muscles.

Despite increasing interest in keyboard playing as a strategy for repetitive finger exercises in fine motor skill development and hand rehabilitation, comparative analysis of task-specific finger movements relevant to keyboard playing has been less extensive. This study examined, whether there were differences in surface EMG activity levels of forearm muscles associated with different keyboard playing tasks. Results demonstrated higher muscle activity with sequential keyboard playing in a random pattern compared to individuated playing or sequential playing in a successive pattern.

Analysis of surface EMG activation in hand percussion playing depending on the grasping type and the tempo.

Although instrument playing-based training has been repeatedly reported to improve functional hand movements including grasping, the attempts to present quantitative information on physiological mechanism of grasping have been relatively insufficient to determine the type and the intensity of the exercises involved. This study aimed to examine the muscle activation during hand percussion playing depending on the grasping type and the playing tempo. A total of twelve healthy older adults with a mean age of 71.

Can young adolescents with cochlear implants perceive different timbral cues?

Objective: This study aimed to compare the timbre recognition and preferences of young adolescents with cochlear implants (CIs) to that of adolescents with normal hearing (NH).

Methods: Nine Korean adolescents with CIs and 25 adolescents with NH participated in this study. After listening to each of four Western instruments and five traditional Korean instruments, participants were asked to identify presented instruments and rate how much they liked the timbres.