[Rapid diagnosis of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria by gel test agglutination].

Murine monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) directed against DAF (Decay Accelerating Factor, CD55 antigen) and MIRL (Membrane Inhibitor of Reactive Lysis, CD59 antigen) were used to identify the affected red cells (CD55-/CD59-) of PNH patients. MoAbs NaM16-4D3 (CD55, IgG2a) and NaM77-1E5 (CD59, IgG3) weakly agglutinate red cells and represent powerful tools to quantitate normal (PNHI) and abnormal (PNHII and PNHIII) cells from PNH patients by indirect flow cytometry. MoAbs NaM125-7H10 (CD55) and NaM123-6G12 (CD59), both IgM, were selected for their agglutinating properties and used for the separation of PNHI from PNHII and PNHIII red cells by the gel test technology.

[Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Diagnosis aided by a monoclonal antibody directed against the decay accelerating factor glycoprotein].

The laboratory diagnosis of paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (also called Marchiafava-Micheli disease) is based on the sensitivity of the patient's red cells to complement-induced lysis. In view of the clonal expression of the disease, haemolysis tests are difficult to interpret when the abnormal red cell population is small. The sensitivity of abnormal red cells to haemolysis is due to the absence of proteins attached to the cell membrane by a phosphatidyl-inositol link, which intervene in the regulation of the complement-induced lysis mechanism.

[Characterization of murine monoclonal antibodies against fetal erythrocytes].

Balb/c mice were immunized against papain-treated fetal erythrocytes and splenocytes were fused with Sp2/0-Ag-14 myeloma cells. Several hybrids secreting antibodies directed against antigenic determinants predominantly exposed on fetal and cord cells were selected and cloned twice. Antibodies NaM61-1A2 and NaM61-768 (IgM class) were shown to be specific for an endo-beta-galactosidase-sensitive oligosaccharide chain.

[Clinical hemorheologic study of 65 inflammatory syndromes explored using standard biologic examination and total blood filtration test].

The hemorrheologic impact of an inflammatory syndrome was investigated in a prospective biological study of 65 patients by using an erythrocyte filtration test on total blood. Impact was assessed by a statistical study of correlations between relative filtration time (RFT), inflammation-reactive proteins (IRP) and the different parameters of the hemogram. A stepwise multiple regression test (SMRT) indicated the dominant role of fibrinogen in determining acceleration of the sedimentation rate (p less than 10(-3) and lengthening of RFT (p less than 10(-3).

[Migration of polynuclear neutrophils in vivo. Standardization of the technic].

The migration of neutrophils across a skin barrier is a commonly employed method for the study of the inflammatory response. This report aims at comparing the leukocyte migration in the presence of two different chemoattractants : autologous serum and pool of serum. The reproducibility of this method has proved to be increasing by using duplicate skin chambers in 30 healty volunteers.

[Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity: a method of predicting the severity of fetomaternal alloimmunization in the Rhesus system? A retrospective study of 32 cases].

This retrospective study has as its object to find out whether A.D.C.

Plasma exchange in early kidney graft rejection associated with anti-donor antibodies.

Patients with early rejection of kidney allografts associated with anti-donor antibodies have been randomized in two groups which received, respectively, either the conventional corticosteroid/azathioprine treatment or extensive plasma exchanges (PE) plus the conventional treatment. Data on the monitoring of anti-T or anti-B donor lymphocytes, as well as anti-panel or autoreactive cytotoxicity are described. Although the titer of anti-donor antibodies is decreased in the PE-treated group there is no sustained improvement of graft function compared to the control group.

Systematic transfusion in hemodialyzed patients awaiting grafts: kinetics of anti-t and b lymphocyte immunization and its incidence on graft function.

Since June 1977, a systematic blood transfusion (BT) policy (160 ml of leukocyte-poor washed erythrocytes given every 6 months) has been applied to 126 hemodialyzed patients awaiting a first kidney graft. Only patients who had anti-T or B lymphocyte (T or BLY) antibodies (Ab) killing fewer than 10 or 20% of the panel cells, respectively, entered the protocol. Screening of anti-T and BLY was performed 8, 15, and 21 days after each BT.

HLA antigens and Berger's disease.

We have studied the frequencies of HLA-A, -B antigens in 73 Berger's disease patients, plus HLA-DR antigens in 35 of them, and compared the percentages of antigens frequencies with those of a local and national panel. This study does not confirm the positive associations with HLA-Bw35 or HLA-B12 which have been previously reported. The HLA-DR typing only showed increased frequency of blanks in the patients (P smaller than 0.

[Blood filtrability after serious burn trauma (author's transl)].

We previously stated that blood filtrability was very decreased during 30 to 60 days after burn traums. After one week there is a significant relationship between the filtrability of the RBC and the burnt area. In the beginning of the phenomenon many factors seem to be involved: --intra-erythrocyte ATP variations,--hemodynamic disorders of the early shock,--disturbances of enzymatic systems of shock secondary-effect,--reactions related to the protidic catabolism.

[Coagulometer H21: an automatic apparatus for coagulation study (author's transl)].

We describe and present a new automatic device to measure the clotting time of a plasma plus reagent mixture by recording the time of transformation : solution to gel. The apparatus is able to perform 50 tests without manual help. Indeed it automatically carries out:--the dispatching of the tested plasma,--the dispatching of the various reagents,--the recording of the clotting time of the sample,--the processing of the data through greater a printer.

[Groupamatic 360 C1 and automated blood donor processing in a transfusion center].

Automation of donor management flow path is controlled by: --a 3 slip "port a punch" card, --the groupamatic unit with a result sorted out on punch paper tape, --the management computer off line connected to groupamatic. Data tracking at blood collection time is made by punching a card with the donor card used as a master card. Groupamatic performs: --a standard blood grouping with one run for registered donors and two runs for new donors, --a phenotyping with two runs, --a screening of irregular antibodies.

[Groupamatic 360 C1 and transfusion safety].

Presentation of an evaluation program of patient blood grouping through Groupamatic, with final report printed out under the control of the management computer of the blood center. The flow chart is composed of three main steps:--information tracking on a two-part card,--duplicated determination of blood groups and phenotypes by Groupamatic,--correlation check between the two runs by the management computer, followed by the print out of the blood grouping results. Print out always includes two STEPS:--for the first blood grouping: self adhesive label on a color form and on the transfusion record,--for the second blood grouping: definite blood group card and check label for transfusion record,--for antibody screening and pretransfusion check up, results and label with a summary taped on.

Genetic variants of serum alpha-1-antitrypsin (Pi types) in Bretons.

The results of Pi typing on 280 Bretons from Morbihan (Southern Brittany) are reported. 6 phenotypes and 5 alleles have been found in this study. Pi M is the most frequent as in other populations.

Use of modified automated polybrene test for screening IgG sensitized RBC in routine laboratory.

An automatic method for the screening of RBC sensitized by IgG, using the polybrene reagent was utilized. We compared data drawn from the analysis of the automatic routine test in 4799 patients with the results obtained by the direct anti-IgG antiglobulin test. We give evidence for the highest sensitivity of the polybrene test with a good overlap of the results of two methods.

[The beneficial role of blood transfusion and preganancy in the survival of renal allografts].

This analysis involves 93 cases of transplants of non-related cadaver kidneys. The result was better (p = 0.02 at 1 year) in recipients transfused before the graft (73 cases) than in those who had not been trasfused (20 cases).

[A further case of albumin auto-agglutination in a blood donor].

A blood donor is described whose serum contains an albumin active agglutinin reacting with autologous as well as normal donors red cells. Natrium caprylate present in some commercial albumin preparations is show to be co-responsible for this unusual reaction which cause difficulties or errors in Rh grouping.