Pulse release of doxazosin from hydroxyethylcellulose compression coated tablet: mechanistic and in vivo study.

Chronotherapeutically programmed hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC) based compression coated doxazosin tablets were prepared and the influence of disintegrants croscarmellose sodium, L-hydroxypropylcellulose (L-HPC), gellan gum on drug release and in vivo performance were investigated. Infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetric studies did not indicate any excipient incompatibility in the tablets. The disintegrants induced a continuous water influx resulting in a rapid expansion of the membrane.

Establishment of glycosaminoglycan assays for mucopolysaccharidoses.

Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are a group of lysosomal storage disorders caused by deficiency of the lysosomal enzymes essential for catabolism of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). Accumulation of undegraded GAGs results in dysfunction of multiple organs, resulting in distinct clinical manifestations. A range of methods have been developed to measure specific GAGs in various human samples to investigate diagnosis, prognosis, pathogenesis, GAG interaction with other molecules, and monitoring therapeutic efficacy.

Liver clock protein BMAL1 promotes de novo lipogenesis through insulin-mTORC2-AKT signaling.

The clock protein BMAL1 (brain and muscle Arnt-like protein 1) participates in circadian regulation of lipid metabolism, but its contribution to insulin AKT-regulated hepatic lipid synthesis is unclear. Here we used both Bmal1(-/-) and acute liver-specific Bmal1-depleted mice to study the role of BMAL1 in refeeding-induced de novo lipogenesis in the liver. Both global deficiency and acute hepatic depletion of Bmal1 reduced lipogenic gene expression in the liver upon refeeding.

Comparison of α1-Antitrypsin, α1-Acid Glycoprotein, Fibrinogen and NOx as Indicator of Subclinical Mastitis in Riverine Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis).

Mastitis set apart as clinical and sub clinical is a disease complex of dairy cattle, with sub clinical being the most important economically. Of late, laboratories showed interest in developing biochemical markers to diagnose sub clinical mastitis (SCM) in herds. Many workers reported noteworthy alternation of acute phase proteins (APPs) and nitric oxide, (measured as nitrate+nitrite = NOx) in milk due to intra-mammary inflammation.

Nonionic surfactant vesicles in ocular delivery: innovative approaches and perspectives.

With the recent advancement in the field of ocular therapy, drug delivery approaches have been elevated to a new concept in terms of nonionic surfactant vesicles (NSVs), that is, the ability to deliver the therapeutic agent to a patient in a staggered profile. However the major drawbacks of the conventional drug delivery system like lacking of permeability through ocular barrier and poor bioavailability of water soluble drugs have been overcome by the emergence of NSVs. The drug loaded NSVs (DNSVs) can be fabricated by simple and cost-effective techniques with improved physical stability and enhance bioavailability without blurring the vision.

HV1 acts as a sodium sensor and promotes superoxide production in medullary thick ascending limb of Dahl salt-sensitive rats.

We previously characterized a H(+) transport pathway in medullary thick ascending limb nephron segments that when activated stimulated the production of superoxide by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase. Importantly, the activity of this pathway was greater in Dahl salt-sensitive rats than salt-resistant (SS.13(BN)) rats, and superoxide production was enhanced in low Na(+) media.

Maltodextrin based proniosomes of nateglinide: bioavailability assessment.

The present study delineates the fabrication of maltodextrin based proniosomes of nateglinide and their potential as controlled delivery system for diabetic therapy. New Zealand albino male rabbits have been used as animal model for in vivo study. To evaluate the bioavailability of nateglinide proniosome, a rapid, simple and sensitive HPLC method with photodiode array detection was developed and validated to determine nateglinide in rabbit plasma.

Enhanced response to music in pregnancy.

Given a possible effect of estrogen on the pleasure-mediating dopaminergic system, musical appreciation in participants whose estrogen levels are naturally elevated during the oral contraceptive cycle and pregnancy has been investigated (n = 32, 15 pregnant, 17 nonpregnant; mean age 27.2). Results show more pronounced blood pressure responses to music in pregnant women.

A study on antifungal activity of water-soluble chitosan against Macrophomina phaseolina.

The objective of this study was to evaluate antifungal effect of water-soluble chitosan (s-chitosan) on Macrophomina phaseolina (M. phaseolina) causing jute seedling infection and monitor the change in activity of released enzymes during infection. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of s-chitosan for M.

Theoretical study on the effect of annelation and carbonylation on the electronic and ligand properties of N-heterocyclic silylenes and germylenes: carbene comparisons begin to break down.

Quantum chemical calculations have been carried out to investigate the effect of annelation and carbonylation on the electronic and ligand properties of N-heterocyclic silylenes and germylenes. The thermodynamic stability of these ligands has been found to increase with annelation, while the reverse is true for carbonylation. This is in sharp contrast to N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) where annelation leads to a decrease in their thermodynamic stabilities.

Role of rare earth oxide nanoparticles (CeO2 and La2O3) in suppressing the photobleaching of fluorescent organic dyes.

Aqueous solutions with Rhodamine dye, and fluorescently labeled polymer samples of fibrin and collagen were mixed with aqueous dispersions of cerium oxide, lanthanum oxide, iron (II) oxide nanoparticles, and OxyFluor, a commonly used reagent for suppressing photobleaching. From time dependent studies of the fluorescence from these samples, we observed that the dyes in samples containing rare earth oxide nanoparticles exhibited significantly slower rates of fluorescence decay compared to control samples without additives, or containing OxyFluor or iron oxide nanoparticles. We posit that this may be related to the oxygen free radical scavenging properties of rare earth oxides.

A study on biochemical changes during cultivation of Rhizopus oryzae in deproteinized whey medium in relation to chitosan production.

Unlabelled: The kinetics of cultivation of zygomycete filamentous fungus Rhizopus oryzae in deproteinized whey medium in relation to chitosan production was studied here to optimize chitosan production from R. oryzae as well as utilize whey, a by-product of sweetmeat industry as a cheap source of sugar in the cultivation process. Chitosan content of R.

Analysis of Notch signaling-dependent gene expression in developing airways reveals diversity of Clara cells.

Clara cells (CCs) are a morphologically and operationally heterogeneous population of Secretoglobin Scgb1a1-expressing secretory cells that are crucial for airway homeostasis and post-injury repair. Analysis of the extent and origin of CC diversity are limited by knowledge of genes expressed in these cells and their precursors. To identify novel putative markers of CCs and explore the origins of CC diversity, we characterized global changes in gene expression in embryonic lungs in which CCs do not form due to conditional disruption of Notch signaling (Rbpjk(CNULL)).

Chronotherapeutic delivery of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose based mini-tablets: an in vitro-in vivo correlation.

The purpose of the study was to develop and internally validate a nonlinear in vitro-in vivo correlation model for a chronotherapeutically programmed HPMC based propranolol HCl (PHCl) mini-tablet. A simple and sensitive HPLC method was developed for the determination of PHCl content in rabbit plasma. The influence of tri-sodium citrate (TSC) on release behaviour was investigated through in vitro dissolution and in vivo absorption.

Analysis of IDH mutation, 1p/19q deletion, and PTEN loss delineates prognosis in clinical low-grade diffuse gliomas.

Background: Grades II and III gliomas have unpredictable rates of progression, making management decisions difficult. Currently, several clinical and radiological characteristics are utilized to predict progression and survival but collectively are suboptimal.

Methods: In this study, we analyzed a set of 108 nonenhancing hemispheric grade II-III gliomas.

Correlation between body size and fecundity in fish louse Argulus bengalensis Ramakrishna, 1951 (Crustacea: Branchiura).

The life history traits like fecundity and body size are useful predictors of life history strategies of organisms. The information on these aspects provided necessary input for control measures for ectoparasites. In view of this, the variations in the life history traits of the fish louse Argulus bengalensis Ramakrishna (1951) were assessed using age as an explanatory factor.

The P-POSSUM scoring systems for predicting the mortality of neurosurgical patients undergoing craniotomy: Further validation of usefulness and application across healthcare systems.

Background And Aims: Continuous audit of clinical practice is an essential part of making improvements in medicine and enhancing patient care. Validated tools are needed to gather evidence for comparisons. Recently, Physiological and Operative Severity Score for the enumeration of Mortality and morbidity (POSSUM) and Portsmouth-POSSUM (P-POSSUM) scores were evaluated in Indian patients undergoing elective craniotomy and it was concluded that P-POSSUM was highly accurate in predicting overall mortality.

Influence of the coordination environment of zinc(II) complexes of designed Mannich ligands on phosphatase activity: a combined experimental and theoretical study.

A mononucleating (HL(1)) and a dinucleating (HL(2)) "end-off" compartmental ligand have been designed and synthesized by controlled Mannich reaction using p-cresol and bis(2-methoxyethyl)amine, and their formation has been rationalized. Six complexes have been prepared on treating HL(1) and HL(2) with Zn(II)X2 (X = Cl(-), Br(-), I(-)) with the aim to investigate their hydrolytic activity on phosphoester bond cleavage. Interestingly, the mononucleating ligand was observed to yield dinuclear complexes, [Zn2(L(1))2X2] (1-3), while the potential dinucleating ligand generated mononuclear complexes, [Zn(HL(2))X2] (4-6).

Exploring new scaling regimes for streaming potential and electroviscous effects in a nanocapillary with overlapping electric double layers.

In this paper, we unravel new scaling regimes for streaming potential and electroviscous effects in a nanocapillary with thick overlapping Electric Double Layers (EDLs). We observe that the streaming potential, for a given value of the capillary zeta (ζ) potential, varies with the EDL thickness and a dimensionless parameter R, quantifying the conduction current. Depending on the value of R, variation of the streaming potential with the EDL thickness demonstrates distinct scaling regimes: one can witness a Quadratic Regime where the streaming potential varies as the square of the EDL thickness, a Weak Regime where the streaming potential shows a weaker variation with the EDL thickness, and a Saturation Regime where the streaming potential ceases to vary with the EDL thickness.

Effect of substituent and solvent on cation-π interactions in benzene and borazine: a computational study.

A DFT and ab initio quantum chemical study has been carried out at different theoretical levels to delve into the role of the cation-π interaction within the main group metal cations (Li(+), Na(+) and K(+)), substituted benzene and borazine. The effects of electron withdrawing and electron donating groups on these non-covalent forces of interaction were also studied. The excellent correlation between Hammett constants and binding energy values indicates that the cation-π interaction is influenced by both inductive and resonance effects.

Clinical and radiographic evaluation of the cavus foot: surgical implications.

The key to successful management of the cavovarus foot is identifying the pathoanatomy and dysfunction that are driving the deformity and producing the symptoms. There is no substitute for a thorough clinical evaluation of the foot, evaluating the static alignment and dynamic function. Plain films alone are not sufficient to determine the diagnosis, but they are necessary for procedure selection and correction planning.

The somatic genomic landscape of glioblastoma.

We describe the landscape of somatic genomic alterations based on multidimensional and comprehensive characterization of more than 500 glioblastoma tumors (GBMs). We identify several novel mutated genes as well as complex rearrangements of signature receptors, including EGFR and PDGFRA. TERT promoter mutations are shown to correlate with elevated mRNA expression, supporting a role in telomerase reactivation.

Electronic and ligand properties of annelated normal and abnormal (mesoionic) N-heterocyclic carbenes: a theoretical study.

The effect of annelation and carbonylation on the electronic and ligating properties of N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) has been studied quantum chemically. The thermodynamic and kinetic stability of these NHCs have been assessed on the basis of their singlet-triplet and HOMO-LUMO gaps respectively. Both annelation and carbonylation have been found to decrease the stability of NHCs.

Interdependence of plant water status with photosynthetic performance and root defense responses in Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek under progressive drought stress and recovery.

The present study investigates the interdependence of plant water status with foliar and root responses in Vigna radiata L.Wilczek under progressive drought. Vegetatively-mature V.