Kidney Damage in Pediatric Obesity: Insights from an Emerging Perspective.

The role of obesity as a risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in adulthood has been well established. Over the last years, kidney damage (KD) has emerged as a significant consequence of obesity since childhood. Indeed, a complex interplay of metabolic factors, including insulin resistance (IR), hypertension, oxidative stress, adipose tissue dysfunction, and systemic inflammation, might affect renal hemodynamics, contributing to CKD development over time in at-risk young patients.

The natural history of untreated X-linked nephrogenic diabetes insipidus with mutation in the vasopressin V2 receptor gene.

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) results from the kidneys' inability to concentrate urine. We describe a 6-month-old male with a history of poor weight gain who presented with an incidental finding of hypernatremia (155 mEq/L) during an episode of acute gastroenteritis. The arginine vasopressin (AVP) test, along with molecular analysis revealing the M272R mutation in the AVP receptor 2 (AVPR2) gene, confirmed the diagnosis of congenital NDI.

Attitudes and Beliefs Regarding Pain and Discrimination Among Black Adults with Sickle Cell Disease: A Mixed Methods Evaluation of an Adapted Chronic Pain Intervention.

Purpose: This study sought to adapt a chronic pain group curriculum for adults with sickle cell disease (SCD). Given the association of experiences of racism and discrimination with health outcomes, this study also explored how such experiences for patients with SCD impact their interactions with clinicians and health-care systems.

Patients And Methods: This mixed methods study recruited patients (aged ≥18 years) in a sickle cell treatment program; all self-identified as Black or African American.

Basal knowledge in the field of pediatric nephrology and its enhancement following specific training of ChatGPT-4 "omni" and Gemini 1.5 Flash.

Background: We aimed to evaluate the baseline performance and improvement of ChatGPT-4 "omni" (ChatGPT-4o) and Gemini 1.5 Flash (Gemini 1.5) in answering multiple-choice questions related to pediatric nephrology after specific training.

Prevalence and determinants of failure to thrive in children with vesico-ureteral reflux.

Aim: To assess the prevalence and determinants of failure to thrive (FTT) among patients with vesico-ureteral reflux (VUR) and evaluating the effects of supplementation on growth in patients with urinary solute losses.

Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 1277 patients with VUR (mean age at diagnosis = 6.5 months).

Chest Dynamic MRI as Early Biomarker of Respiratory Impairment in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Patients: A Pilot Study.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neuromuscular progressive disorder characterized by limb and bulbar muscle wasting and weakness. A total of 30% of patients present a bulbar onset, while 70% have a spinal outbreak. Respiratory involvement represents one of the worst prognostic factors, and its early identification is fundamental for the early starting of non-invasive ventilation and for the stratification of patients.

Kidney function evaluation in children and adolescents with obesity: a not-negligible need.

Unlabelled: The role of obesity as risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been well-recognized. As previously demonstrated in adults, emerging data highlighted the relevant impact of obesity on renal function since childhood. As a matter of fact, obesity also affects renal health through a complex pathogenic mechanism in which insulin resistance (IR) plays a pivotal role.

The ectoparasitoid wasp (Marshall, 1888) (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Doryctinae) as a natural enemy of Fairmaire, 1875 (Coleoptera, Ptinidae) in Italy.

(Marshall, 1888) is redescribed and illustrated based on the holotype of Marshall, 1888 and on recently collected material from its type locality (Sicily, Italy). Previous host records for this species are unreliable. Here, the host of , the rare ptinid beetle Fairmaire, 1875, is recorded for the first time, having been reared in a historic library in Palermo, Italy.

Interplay between metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease and renal function: An intriguing pediatric perspective.

Over recent years, the nomenclature of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease has undergone significant changes. Indeed, in 2020, an expert consensus panel proposed the term "Metabolic (dysfunction) associated fatty liver disease" (MAFLD) to underscore the close association of fatty liver with metabolic abnormalities, thereby highlighting the cardiometabolic risks (such as metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular disease) faced by these patients since childhood. More recently, this term has been further replaced with metabolic associated steatotic liver disease.

Expert consensus on the management of infusion-related reactions (IRRs) in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) receiving crizanlizumab: a RAND/UCLA modified Delphi panel.

Crizanlizumab, a monoclonal antibody against P-selectin, has been shown to reduce vaso-occlusive crises (VOCs) compared to placebo in patients ≥ 16 years with sickle cell disease (SCD). However, there have been rare reports of patients experiencing severe pain and subsequent complications within 24 hours of crizanlizumab infusions. These events are defined as infusion-related reactions (IRRs).

Non-A Non-B Acute Aortic Dissection: Is There Some Confusion in the Radiologist's Mind?

Background: The aim of this study is to define and determine the rate of acute non-A-non-B aortic dissections, and to evaluate CT angiography findings and possible complications, as well as to discuss management strategies and currently available therapy. Non-A non-B type of aortic dissection is still a grey area in the radiologist's mind, such that it is not entirely clear what should be reported and completed in terms of this disease.

Methods: A retrospective single-center study including 36 pre-treatment CT angiograms of consecutive patients (mean age: 61 years) between January 2012 and December 2022 with aortic dissection involving the aortic arch with/without the thoracic descending/abdominal aorta (type non-A non-B).

Digital Mental Health and Its Discontents: Assumptions About Technology That Create Barriers to Equitable Access.

Despite the potential of digital mental health interventions to aid recovery for people with serious mental illness, access to these digital tools remains a key barrier. In this column, the authors discuss three key assumptions that shape the integration of digital mental health tools into community health settings: clinical context, digital literacy, and financial burden. Clinical contexts have shifted with the increased use of telehealth, altering intervention environments; access to a mobile device is not the same as digital literacy; and digital mental health care is not necessarily affordable.

Failure to thrive in children with tubulopathies increases the risk of overweight later in life.

Failure to thrive (FTT) is an inadequate growth in young children. It can increase the risk of overweight or obesity later in life. Patients with renal tubulopathies can present FTT due to solute losses in the urine.