Social self-efficacy associated with HbA1c through physical activity and diabetes quality of life: A serial mediation study.

Objective: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is one of the most common pediatric chronic illnesses and increasing worldwide in prevalence. Physical activity has been positively linked with better glycemic control in youth with T1D. Although not yet studied, children's social self-efficacy may be a parameter related to physical activity in youth with diabetes.

Impact of insulin reduction on glycemic control in children attending a residential diabetes camp.

Background/objectives: Children attending diabetes camp are more active, increasing the risk of hypoglycemia. Decreasing initial insulin doses may reduce this risk. The objectives of our study were to compare glycemic control between campers receiving multiple daily injections (MDI) and continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII), and analyze the impact of decreasing basal insulin by 10%.

Diazoxide for the Treatment of Hypoglycemia Resulting From Dumping Syndrome in a Child.

Dumping syndrome-associated hypoglycemia is caused by an exaggerated hyperinsulinemic response to glucose absorption in the small intestine. Diazoxide acts on the ATP-sensitive potassium channels and prevents insulin secretion and, thus, should be beneficial for the treatment of hypoglycemia secondary to dumping syndrome. We report on the efficacy of diazoxide in a pediatric patient with dumping syndrome.

Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) 3.2 Diabetes Module for youth with Type 2 diabetes: reliability and validity.

Aim: To test the measurement properties of the revised and updated Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) 3.2 Diabetes Module originally developed in Type 1 diabetes in youth with Type 2 diabetes.

Methods: The PedsQL 3.

PedsQL 3.2 Diabetes Module for Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults: Reliability and Validity in Type 1 Diabetes.

Objective: The objective of the study was to report on the measurement properties of the revised and updated Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) 3.2 Diabetes Module for children, adolescents, and young adults with type 1 diabetes.

Research Design And Methods: The 33-item PedsQL 3.

Diabetes management mediating effects between diabetes symptoms and health-related quality of life in adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes.

Objectives: The primary objective was to investigate the mediating effects of diabetes management in the relationship between diabetes symptoms and generic health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with type 1 diabetes. The secondary objective explored patient health communication and perceived treatment adherence barriers as mediators in a serial multiple mediator model.

Methods: The PedsQL 3.

Diabetes symptoms predictors of health-related quality of life in adolescents and young adults with type 1 or type 2 diabetes.

Objectives: The objective was to investigate the patient-reported diabetes symptoms predictors of generic health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in adolescents and young adults (AYA) with type 1 or type 2 diabetes.

Methods: The 15-item PedsQL™ 3.2 Diabetes Module Diabetes Symptoms Summary Score and PedsQL™ 4.

A phase I study of anti-inflammatory therapy with rilonacept in adolescents and adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Background: The innate immune system may be activated around the time of diagnosis of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Components of this system, including cytokines such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β) represent potential therapeutic targets for disease modifying therapy.

Objective: We conducted a phase 1 trial of rilonacept, an IL-1 cytokine trap, in patients with T1D.

Gene expression changes in human islets exposed to type 1 diabetic serum.

A major obstacle to the success of islet cell transplantation as a standard treatment for labile type 1 diabetes mellitus is the immediate loss of up to 70% of the transplanted islet mass. Activation of the complement cascade and coagulation factors has been implicated in initiating the destruction of the islet graft. In this study, we analyzed the gene expression changes in islet cells following exposure to type 1 diabetes mellitus serum (T1DM).

Toll-like receptors, the NLRP3 inflammasome, and interleukin-1β in the development and progression of type 1 diabetes.

Traditionally, type 1 diabetes (T1D) has been thought of as a disease of cellular immunity, but there is increasing evidence that components of the innate immune system, controlled largely by Toll-like receptors (TLRs), play a significant role in T1D development. TLRs are pattern-recognition molecules on immune cells that recognize pathogens, leading to the production of cytokines such as interleukin-1β (IL1β, encoded by the IL1B gene). IL1β is increased in patients with newly diagnosed T1D and likely acts as an early inflammatory signal in T1D development.

Preliminary studies related to anti-interleukin-1β therapy in children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes.

Background: Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) may play a role in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes, but there are no data regarding the efficacy of agents antagonizing IL-1β in patients with this disorder. We characterized the effects of IL-1β on gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and the clinical and gene expression effects of a short course of recombinant IL-1 receptor antagonist protein, anakinra, on children with newly diagnosed diabetes.

Methods: PBMC from healthy adult volunteers were exposed to IL-1β for 24 h in vitro.

Eosinophilic temporal and systemic arteritis.

We describe a 39-year-old patient with an unusual type of bilateral temporal arteritis characterized histologically by inflammation, diffuse eosinophilic infiltration, destruction of elastic tissue, and fibrosis. In addition, the patient had a history of systemic vasculitis, peripheral eosinophilia, eosinophilic lymphadenitis, and membranous glomerulonephritis. The patient has been followed up for 14 years and is well controlled on moderate doses of steroids.

Intravenous pulse cyclophosphamide in the treatment of type IV lupus nephritis.

A retrospective study compared two groups with type IV lupus nephritis with very similar activity and chronicity indices on renal biopsy. One group was treated with intermittent pulse cyclophosphamide (IPC), and the other was not. The IPC group demonstrated a greater decrease in serum creatinine at 6 months, 12 months and most recent follow-up intervals (p < 0.

Disseminated giant cell arteritis.

A 76-yr-old woman with widespread giant cell arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica is described. The patient had an unusual simultaneous involvement of the cranial (temporal) arteries demonstrated by biopsy, and of large elastic arteries (aorta and its major branches), medium-sized and small muscular arteries, arterioles and vasa vasorum found at autopsy. Coronary arteritis was responsible for the fatal myocardial infarction.

Renal failure due to tubular obstruction by large protein casts in patients with massive proteinuria.

We describe two patients with nephrotic syndrome whose histologic findings on renal biopsy and at autopsy are characterized by numerous large protein casts in dilated cortical tubules, as well as podocyte swelling with effacement of foot processes in the glomeruli. Both patients progressed rapidly to renal failure. The casts and the protein precipitate in the Bowman's capsule were found to be composed of varying proportions of albumin and globulin but contained no Tamm-Horsfall protein.

Significance of cytoplasmic inclusions in lupus nephritis.

The report describes 22 cases of lupus nephritis (20 diffuse and 2 mesangial) showing frequent tubuloreticular inclusions (TRI) in the glomerular and peritubular capillary endothelial cells as well as cylindric confronting cisternae (CCC) mainly in interstitial infiltrating cells. Ten other cases of lupus nephritis that were actively treated or were in the sclerosing stage and did not show CCC were also studied. The presence of cytoplasmic inclusions correlated with various clinical and histologic parameters.

Vascular lesions in lupus nephritis.

Three groups of kidney specimens from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were examined for histologic evidence of vascular lesions in small arteries and arterioles. Group 1 consisted of 24 autopsy kidneys from patients who died before the advent of steroid therapy, and Group 2, of 26 more recent autopsy specimens from patients treated with steroids and/or immunosuppressive drugs. Group 3 comprised 276 renal biopsies.

Colonic obstruction in a child with von Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis.

A child is reported who developed partial colonic obstruction from an intussuscepting polypoid mass in the transverse colon. A 5 cm plexiform ganglioneurofibroma was found at laparotomy. Examination of the entire gastrointestinal tract revealed no other neurogenic tumors.

Progressive systemic sclerosis with the nephrotic syndrome and acquired factor X deficiency.

A patient with progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) involving skin, digit, esophagus, and lung developed the nephrotic syndrome and rapidly progressive renal insufficiency. Renal pathology revealed capillary collapse, cellular crescents, arteriolar hyaline deposition, and mesangial proliferation. On immunofluorescence IgM, C3, and fibrinogen were present in mesangium and capillary walls.

Blind pouch syndrome: a case report.

The blind pouch syndrome is associated with a spectrum of diseases affecting the gastrointestinal tract that includes: malabsorption, ulceration, bleeding, and perforation. The clinical signs and symptoms of anemia, weight loss, abdominal pain, vomiting, and intermittent intestinal obstruction can be found. Occasionally, constipation or more often diarrhea is an important manifestation.

Hodgkin's lymphoma in an adolescent with systemic lupus erythematosus.

An adolescent female with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis subsequently contracted Hodgkin's lymphoma, mixed cellularity type. Prior to the diagnosis of Hodgkin's lymphoma, hypogammaglobulinemia developed with IgG deficiency. The nephritis, which improved on steroid therapy, remitted entirely after nitrogen mustard, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone (MOPP) therapy.

Nephronophthisis with massive proteinuria.

A 23-year-old male whose uncle died of nephronophthisis, and whose pathology is also discussed, presented with 5 g of protein in a 24-hour urine collection. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus and salt wasting were present in addition to azotemia. Characterization of the proteinuria, including elevated alpha globulins by electrophoresis and markedly elevated urinary beta-microglobulins by radioimmunoassay (49.